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Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Ekonomi, Ekonometrika dan Keuangan (semua kategori) - Ilmu Ekonomi, Ekonometrika dan Keuangan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,542 Documents
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Production of Lactic Acid from Microalgal Biomass Chlorella vulgar ESP-31 as a feedstock using PVA Immobilized Bacteria L. Plantarum 23 Nandini , Atika; Nagarajan , Dilirani; Chang , Jo-Shu
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 1st International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2020.0525

Abstract

Lactic acid is a valuable industrial chemical that is mostly used in the food and non-food industries such as the pharmaceutical industry. Production of lactic acid from renewable materials can be an alternative method to reduce the high production cost associated with raw material acquirement. In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) immobilized L. plantarum 23 was used. To obtain high lactic acid productivity and yield from renewable feedstock, the optimal fermentation conditions were determined in both batch and continuous mode. The renewable feedstock used was microalgal biomass Chlorella vulgaris ESP-31. The optimal conditions for this fermentation are pH 5.5, temperature 30°C, PVA particle loading 12.5%, PVA concentration 5.25g cell/L, HRT: 2-4 hrs, carbon source concentration 40 g/L. The feedstock was pretreated and hydrolyzed appropriately and the reducing sugars obtained were used. With microalgal sugars as a feedstock in continuous fermentation mode, the maximum lactic acid productivity of 12.59 g/L/h was achieved, compared to glucose (7.39 g/L/h). The highest yield achieved in this study (0,98 g/g) was obtained when using pure glucose as the feedstock. Considering high productivity as the most important parameter, microalgal biomass seems to be the best feedstock for lactic acid production in continuous fermentation, giving high productivity and yield of 12.59 g/L/h and 0.91 g/g, respectively.
Study of Making Potassium Posphate from Seaweed Industrial Wastewater Pujiastuti, Caecilia; Sumada, Ketut; Ngatilah, Yustina; Widya P, Vika; Arief S, Purwanto
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 1st International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2020.0526

Abstract

Seaweed industrial wastewater which contains 17.9% potassium can be used as a raw material for making multi-nutrient fertilizers. 1 liter of wastewater is reacted with 1 N phosphoric acid with a certain volume (15, 20, 25, 30, 35 ml) and 30 ml of aluminum sulfate (17,18,19,20,21%) stirred at a speed of 35 rpm for 25 minutes. The precipitate formed is dried. The results showed that the greater the volume of acid and the concentration of aluminum sulfate added with fertilizer obtained and the K, P, and S ion content was getting smaller. Fertilizer produced with the highest content of K ions (9.3%), P ions (9.7%), and S (9.295%) was obtained in the addition of 17% Aluminum Sulfate coagulant and 15 ml volume of H3PO4 (1N), and fertilizers produced weighing 4.0128 grams.
Experiment Design Effects of Cooling Media Variations Toward Strictness and Pulling Strenghness of Materials of ST 41 in Heat Treatment Process Sumiati; Verayanti, Fransisca Diah Ayu; Purwati
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 1st International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2020.0527

Abstract

Steel of ST 41 is the steel be classified as low carbon steel with guide compositions about 0.37-0.43%C, 0.5-0.35%Si, 0.60-0.90%Mn. The steel sometimes has the unfit characteristic to the need, so It needs another treatment to change characteristic and structure from steel of ST 41 itself be changed in heat treatment methods. Cooling media can affect the strictness characteristics of steel of ST 41. The heating process in the research uses 723oC withholding in an hour. Then it is cooled quickly in many Cooling media. Cooling media be used in the research are water, salt, and coconut oil by using holding time on each Cooling media in 5 to 20 minutes. After done in Quenching process, the steel of ST 41 is done strictness tests and strengths tests to use Rockwell method tests and analyzed. This research result will recommend on general formulation to predict in strictness of steel of ST 41, if it use two co positions namely: Y= 97.2118+0.0983*x-0.4223*y 0.0114*x*x+0.0026*x*y+0.0023 *y*y. can predict pulling strength ness of ST 41 material, For a while if they use two compositions namely Y = 46.7828+0.3293*x+0.2271*y-0.0132*x*x-1.1689E-14*x*y-0.0009*y*y. so each x1 and x2 areas holding time and temperature.
Study the Effect of Smoking on the Potential of Human Resources Sunardi; Kurniawan, Muhammad Rezki Agus; MT Safirin
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 1st International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2020.0528

Abstract

Human resources have an important role in development so that the potential need to be developed. Fatigue is a normal condition in everyday life. In general, fatigue can be divided into two namely, physical fatigue (physical fatigue) and mental fatigue (mental fatigue). Many factors can cause fatigue in humans, one of which is smoking behavior. Smoking in adolescence, especially working age will disrupt fitness, especially cardiorespiratory endurance. One method that can support this research is the Response Surface Methodology method. The results showed that smoking for nine years with moderate consumption of cigarettes at the age of work did not affect physical or mental fatigue, but there was a tendency to increase a little mental and physical fatigue. Improved predictability can significantly reduce physical endurance.
Optimization of Annual and Five Years Tax Payment Services for Motorized Vehicles in Samsat "X" Ngatilah , Yustina; Siati; Pujiastuti , Caecilia
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 1st International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2020.0529

Abstract

The Samsat "X" office is a joint service office between the police, the regional income office, and the Jasa Raharja. The services provided are annual and five years of tax payments for motorized vehicles. The current service process is having an uncertain or probabilistic service time and long waiting time, resulting in long queues. This long queue condition causes taxpayer dissatisfaction. One of the methods to solve this problem is the Monte Carlo simulation. Monte Carlo simulation is a simulation method for solving problems with a set of sampling techniques from a probabilistic process. The objective of this research is to determine the optimum number of service personnel by using the Monte Carlo simulation method. The results of this simulation are the optimum conditions (best) for the tax payment services problem at the Samsat "X" office. The result shows that the optimum conditions are obtained with an average waiting time = 22.5479 minutes, an average of service utility level = 81.23%, queue length = 3 persons, and the number of service personnel = 3 persons for annual tax payment services, while for five years tax payment services, the optimum condition for average waiting time = 42.85336 minutes, an average of service utility level = 91.38%, queue length = 5 persons, and the number of service personnel 2 persons.
Extraction of Tannin From Ketapang Leaves (Terminalia catappa Linn) Santi, Sintha Soraya; Irawati , Febriana; Prastica, Nita
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 1st International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2020.0530

Abstract

Ketapang tree (Terminalia Catappa Linn) is a wild plant that trees is not including trees cultivated. Ketapang tree (Terminalia Catappa Linn) spread to almost all regions in Southeast Asia, including in Indonesia except Sumatra and Kalimantan are somewhat rare in nature. Study of Extraction Tannins from Ketapang leaves (Terminalia Catappa Linn) is done to find a solvent extraction and concentration on the extraction of tannins from leaves ketapang (Terminalia Catappa Linn) using ethanol solvent. The extraction process is done in a laboratory-scale batch and by the principles of solid-liquid extraction in a three-neck flask stirred for the specified time, namely 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 (minutes) with the concentration of solvent (ethanol) 60%, 70%, 80%, 85%, 90% as variable variables. While the weight of the sample remains variable 10 grams, ± 200 mesh particle size, extraction temperature 85 ? C, stirring speed 200 rpm, ethanol solvent type, settling time ± 30 minutes, the solvent volume 250 ml, distilled water adjuvant. The best condition of the tannin extraction using 85% ethanol for 120 minutes obtained 98.97% yield tannin concentration.
Biosorption of Total Chrome Metals on Leather Tannery Liquid Waste Using Tofu Dregs Pangestu, Muhammad Aji; Pracesa, Yahya Ardian Yuma; Perwitasari, Dyah Suci
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 1st International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2020.0531

Abstract

Chrome metal was the main element in tannery liquid waste. Chrome was included in B3 waste and has the potential to destructed or contaminated surroundings. The use of natural material as an adsorbent medium for b3 heavy metal currently was being studied. Tofu dregs were an alternative that can be used as biosorbent. This study's aim was to adsorbed total chrome metal in tannery liquid waste. The operating conditions took place at a pH of 7 and a stirring speed of 200 rpm. The analysis using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) showed that the total chromium adsorption efficiency occurs in the addition of 6 grams of biosorbent with a contact time of 160 minutes. The adsorption percentage was 98% and the residual level total chromium metal in the tannery liquid waste was 0,33 mg/L after adsorption. These results have fulfilled the quality standard of the leather tannery wastewater that was allowed to be released into the environment with maximum total chrome metal levels of 0,5 mg/L. The total chromium metal biosorption in this study followed the Langmuir isotherm and took place as chemisorption.
Reduction of Chrom Ion (Cr) With Ion Exchange Resin in Liquid Waste of Leather Tanning Saputri, Resy Mareta Dwi; Aurellia, Pingky Marcella; Perwitasari, Dyah Suci
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 1st International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2020.0532

Abstract

The leather tanning industry was classified as industrial in large quantities and dangerous. One of the wastes that produced was waste liquid containing chromium ions. The liquid waste that was released was very cloudy, colored, and has rotten management that caused serious problems to water bodies, communities and the environment. The waste without special handling was discharged into the environment. So that with the ion exchange method, it could reduce environmental pollution caused by industrial leather tanning waste. This study aimed to determine the effect of resin in reducing the chromium ion content in the liquid waste of the leather tanning industry using the ion exchange method. Namely, by consolidating waste and resin with various predetermined variables. The positively charged chromium ion will exchange with the H+ ion found in dowex resin. So that the chromium levels in the tannery liquid waste could be reduced. The results were obtained by the contact time and weight of the resin used. The highest reduction in chromium ion content was at contact time for 80 minutes with a resin weight of 150 grams of 98.75%.
Design of Ergonomic Tables and Chair for Special Needs Students (Case Study: Elia Junior High School Surabaya) Aryanny, Enny; Santoso, Budi; Alrianto, Wahyu Putra
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 1st International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2020.0533

Abstract

Elia Junior High School is one of the private middle schools in Surabaya. The school has special needs students. Elia Junior High School uses normal sized school chairs and tables for students in general, when using it they often complaints of pain in the neck, and shoulders to the size of the table is too high and the table is not flexible, pain in the spine caused the back of the chair too upright, also the table does not have a drawer and a place to put a drink and hang shoes. The purpose of this study to design school tables and chairs for special needs students with ergonomic at Elia Junior High School Surabaya with the Anthropometry approach to reduce the grievances felt by these junior high school students. Finally, on the results of the study, the size of ergonomic school tables and chair of the seat high is 40.31 cm, the seat length is 45 cm, the seat width is 35 cm, the high back of the chair is 50 cm, the seatback width is 45.44 cm, the high t of the bottom table is 54 cm, the high of the top table is 70 cm, the length, and width of the table is 54.24 cm and the high of the drawer is 10 cm. These school tables and chairs are flexible because height and inclination can be adjusted to the dimensions of the student's body and have a drawer for storing drinks, and a place to hang shoes.
Utilizing Organic Waste (Sugarcane Bagasse and Sugarcane Leaves) as Bio Briquettes through Pyrolysis Process Saputro, Erwan Adi; Billah, Mu’tasim; Laksminingsih, Arieanthi; Mardiansyah, Yuda Eka; Yogaswara, Rachmad Ramadhan; Erliyanti, Nove Kartika
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 1st International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2020.0534

Abstract

The energy crisis is approaching, not only Indonesia but also all around the world. This requires technological innovation to overcome it, such as; making alternative fuels that are cheap and easy to produce. One alternative way to overcome this problem is to make alternative fuels in the form of bio briquettes by utilizing organic waste (sugarcane bagasse and sugarcane leaves). This study aims to study the effect of the ratio of leaves and bagasse as main sources and using lignin as the adhesive, to produce bio briquettes. The ratio of leaves and bagasse used in this research were (30: 70). The pyrolysis process is carried out to obtain charcoal and sieved at 30 mesh. The charcoal is then mixed with the adhesive. The ratio of the amount of lignin with a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and leaves were (10: 90); (15: 85); (20: 80); (25: 75); (30: 70), and mold. The briquettes formed dried in an oven at 105 oC for 1 hour. The results of this study showed that the lowest calorific value was 4860 cal/kg at 10% lignin content and the highest calorific value at 25% was 5876 cal/kg. The results of the analysis of the lowest moisture content (%) were at 10% lignin content of 0.0781% and the highest moisture content was 0.1387% at 25% lignin content.

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