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Journal of Anaesthesia and Pain
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 27223167     EISSN : 27223205     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jap
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Anaesthesia and Pain is a peer-reviewed and open-access journal that focuses on anesthesia and pain. Journal of Anaesthesia and Pain, published by Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy Specialist Program of Medicine Faculty, Brawijaya University. This journal publishes original articles, case reports, and reviews. The Journal s mission is to offer the latest scientific information on anesthesiology and pain management by providing a forum for clinical researchers, scientists, clinicians, and other health professionals. This journal publishes three times a year. Subjects suitable for the Journal of Anaesthesia and Pain are all subjects related to anesthesiology and pain management.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Articles 146 Documents
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Comparison of Fentanyl and Tramadol on Pain Sensitivity in Rat Model of Traumatic Brain Injury Deswita, Rinda; Jasa, Zafrullah Khany; Rahmi, Rahmi
Journal of Anaesthesia and Pain Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Background: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is intracranial tissue damage caused by mechanical processes originating from outside that cause structurally and functionally brain damage. After TBI, these animals often exhibit exaggerated responses to otherwise mild pain stimuli, a condition mimicking chronic pain observed in human TBI patients.Methods: This laboratory experimental study used a pretest-posttest control group design. A traumatic brain injury (TBI) rat model was created using the Feeney weight drop method. Rats received intravenous fentanyl or tramadol every 8 hours for three days. Pain thresholds were measured before and at 1, 6, 24, and 72 hours, and 7 days after TBI.Results: Pain sensitivity peaked at 6 and 24 hours post-trauma, with the control group showing a significant drop in Von Frey test scores. In contrast, the fentanyl and tramadol groups showed gradual improvement from 6 hours, with stable recovery by 72 hours. By day 7, both treatment groups returned to near-baseline sensitivity, while the control group remained impaired. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between control and intervention groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Both fentanyl and tramadol improved pain sensitivity in the early phase after TBI and restored thresholds close to baseline state before TBI while the control group did not.  
Effectiveness of Black Cumin (Nigella Sativa) Against the Growth of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) in Blood Culture Results of ICU Patients Khalil, Wira
Journal of Anaesthesia and Pain Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): In Press
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a strain of S. aureus resistant to penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, and most β-lactam antibiotics, posing a significant challenge in clinical management due to limited therapeutic options. Black cumin (Nigella sativa), also known as Habbatussauda, has been widely recognized for its medicinal properties. Islamic tradition, as mentioned in the hadith of Imam Bukhari and Muslim, highlights black cumin as a remedy for various diseases except death, suggesting its potential antimicrobial effects.  Objective : This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of black cumin seed extract (Nigella sativa) against MRSA using the disc diffusion method. Methods: An experimental study tested Nigella sativa extract at concentrations of 10–100% with positive and negative controls, each in triplicate. Inhibition zones were measured in millimeters and analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results: The mean inhibition zones for concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% were 11.49 mm, 12.73 mm, 13.44 mm, 11.42 mm, 11.81 mm, 12.10 mm, 15.24 mm, 15.37 mm, 15.20 mm, and 16.48 mm, respectively. Statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA showed a p-value < 0.05, indicating significant differences between concentrations. The highest inhibitory effect was observed at 100% concentration. Conclusion: Black cumin seed extract (Nigella sativa) demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against MRSA, with increasing concentrations showing larger inhibition zones. These findings suggest that Nigella sativa could be explored as a potential complementary therapy in managing MRSA infections.  
A Comparative Study of Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl as Adjuvants to Ropivacaine in Subcostal Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Postoperative Pain Management in Open Cholecystectomy Faria, Heru Desauza; Ihsan, Muhammad; Hamdi, Tasrif; Wahyuni, Arlinda Sari
Journal of Anaesthesia and Pain Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): In Press
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Background: Postoperative pain following open cholecystectomy is frequently severe due to the wide subcostal incision, requiring effective pain management strategies such as the Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block. The addition of analgesic adjuvants, including dexmedetomidine and fentanyl, may enhance the quality of TAP block analgesia; however, their relative effectiveness remains inconsistent. Methods: This randomized double-blind clinical trial included patients undergoing open cholecystectomy who received a subcostal TAP block. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: ropivacaine 0.5% combined with dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg (Group D) or ropivacaine 0.5% combined with fentanyl 1 μg/kg (Group F). Pain intensity was evaluated using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) at rest and during mobilization at 2, 8, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included duration of analgesia, total rescue analgesic consumption, and the incidence of adverse effects within the first 24 hours. Results: No significant differences in NRS scores were observed between the groups at all time points (p > 0.05). Group D demonstrated a significantly longer duration of analgesia compared with Group F (8.8 ± 0.8 hours vs 7.4 ± 0.6 hours; p < 0.05). Total rescue analgesic consumption and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting were also significantly lower in Group D (p < 0.05). No hypotension or bradycardia was reported in either group. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine is superior to fentanyl as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in subcostal TAP block, providing longer analgesia, reduced opioid requirements, and a lower incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Effectiveness of continuous quadratus lumborum block with 0.1% bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia in a kidney transplant recipient: a case series Hansel, Bintang; Tjokorda Gde Agung Senapathi; Putu Herdita Sudiantara; Tjahya Aryasa
Journal of Anaesthesia and Pain Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): In Press
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Background: Postoperative pain control after kidney transplantation is important because inadequate analgesia may delay recovery and increase opioid-related adverse effects. Analgesic options in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are limited, making opioid-sparing multimodal strategies especially relevan. Quadratus lumborum block (QLB) has been studied as part of multimodal analgesia in renal surgery, but evidence on continuous QLB in adult kidney transplant recipients is still limited. Case: We report a retrospective case series of 3 adult kidney transplant recipients who received general anesthesia combined with bilateral ultrasound-guided continuous QLB as part of perioperative analgesia. In all cases, QLB was performed with bupivacaine 0.25% 10 mL on each side, followed by intraoperative top-up dosing. Postoperative analgesia was standardized with continuous QLB infusion using bupivacaine 0.1% at 6 mL/hour, intravenous paracetamol 1000 mg every 8 hours, and fentanyl patient-controlled analgesia on demand. Postoperative pain was assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) over 72 hours. In 2 patients, postoperative pain remained mild, with NRS scores ranging from 0 to 2 throughout the observation period and no rescue analgesia required. In 1 patient, pain briefly peaked at NRS 4 at 3 hours after surgery and was controlled with a single fentanyl PCA bolus, with subsequent pain scores remaining between 0 and 2. No block-related or analgesia-related complications were observed. Conclusion: Continuous bilateral QLB may be a feasible opioid-sparing component of multimodal postoperative analgesia in adult kidney transplant recipients. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm its effectiveness and define its role in kidney transplantation.
Is PENG block the superior choice for opioid-sparing hip surgery? a meta- analysis of ropivacaine-based anesthesia Lieswan, Surya Leonard Lieswan; Citra Lorenza Idrus; Thios, Peter Kin; Wongso, Lilian; Cokorda Istri Arintha Devi; Andi Muhammad Takdir Musba; Nur Surya Wirawan
Journal of Anaesthesia and Pain Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): In Press
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Background: Effective pain control after hip surgery is critical; however, conventional regional techniques often cause quadriceps motor blockade, delaying ambulation. The pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block offers a motor-sparing alternative. This study aimed to evaluate whether ropivacaine-based PENG blocks provide superior opioid-sparing and analgesic benefits compared with other ropivacaine-based regional techniques in adults undergoing hip surgery. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis sampled randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 2015 and 2025 from PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect. Included studies compared ropivacaine PENG blocks against active regional comparators in adults (≥18 years) undergoing hip surgery. Evidence quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Statistical analysis was performed via quantitative synthesis to calculate mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for outcome measures. Results: From 15 included RCTs encompassing 886 patients, quantitative synthesis demonstrated that PENG blocks significantly reduced 24-hour opioid consumption (MD −3.61 morphine milligram equivalents; 95% CI −5.71 to −1.50) and 24-hour pain intensity (MD −1.11; 95% CI −1.30 to −0.92). Time to first ambulation generally favor the PENG group. Opioid- and block-related adverse events were comparable across groups. Conclusion: In adults undergoing hip surgery, PENG blocks provide statistically significant reductions in early postoperative pain and opioid consumption without compromising safety, supporting their use in motor-sparing multimodal analgesic pathways.
Continuous erector spinae plane block versus thoracic epidural analgesia for postoperative analgesia after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery Parama Arka, Anak Agung Gede Agung Wahyu Parama Arka
Journal of Anaesthesia and Pain Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): In Press
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Summary Background: Postoperative pain after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) remains clinically important despite its minimally invasive nature. Thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) is an established analgesic technique but may be limited by neuraxial-related adverse effects and catheter-related interventions. Continuous erector spinae plane block (ESPB) has emerged as a less invasive alternative. Methods: This systematic review compared the efficacy and safety of continuous ESPB versus TEA for postoperative analgesia after VATS. This review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261418508). PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception to 10 June 2026. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials directly comparing continuous ESPB with TEA in adult VATS patients. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool, and findings were synthesized narratively. Result: Four randomized controlled trials involving 301 analyzed participants met the eligibility criteria. TEA generally provided better early analgesia and lower rescue opioid consumption, particularly for dynamic pain during coughing or movement. Continuous ESPB provided acceptable analgesia in selected studies and was associated with fewer neuraxial-related adverse effects, including hypotension, pruritus or itching, urinary retention, and catheter-related interventions. Conclusions: Current evidence is insufficient to determine whether continuous ESPB is superior to TEA after VATS. Continuous ESPB may be considered a potential alternative when avoidance of neuraxial-related adverse effects is important, but no firm clinical recommendation can be made. Keywords: Erector spinae plane block; Thoracic epidural analgesia; Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery; Postoperative pain; Randomized controlled trial  

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