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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 101   102   103   104   105 
The Use of Touch DNA Analysis in Forensic Identification Focusing on STR CODIS LOCI THO1, CSF1PO and TPOX Ahmad Yudianto1 , Simon Martin Manyanza Nzilibili2 , Pudji Harjanto2 , Fery Setiawan2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10667

Abstract

Introduction:Identification through DNA analysis is an accurate diagnostic tool. DNA analysis is via Variable Number of Tandem Repeat (VNTR) and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLP). Up to date, blood spots/blood, sperm spots, vaginal swabs, buccal swabs and bones are specimens that are widely used in the field of forensics for DNA analysis. At the crime scene, the perpetrator’s skin may accidentally be in contact with surrounding objects thereby transferring trace evidence to the objects. Method and Materials: Laboratory observation to demonstrate identification through DNA isolation from the objects that are touched (touch DNA), using the STR CODIS locus, with a momentary research design. DNA was isolated from buccal swabs and swab properties (watches and mobile phones) from volunteers who have signed the consent form. A total of ten samples were used in this study. Results and Discussion: Mean levels of DNA [UV-Visible Spectrophotometer] buccal swab: 167.89 ± 85.71 µg / ml, watch swab: 59.19 ± 5.58 µg / ml, mobile swab: 38.09 ± 2.12 µg / ml and the purity of the buccal swab DNA: 1.79 ± 0.71, the watch swab: 1.69 ± 0.76, the mobile swab:1,53 ± 0,56. Visualization of PCR products onPolyacrylamide Agarose Composite Gel Electrophoresis [PAGE] stained with Silver and amplified using the standard primers THOI, TPOX and CSF1POfor STR CODIS showed a 100% detection of amplicons. Allele profiles on all samples of STR CODIS were a match or identical to the positive control K562. Conclusion:Property (handphone and watch) swabs can be used as alternative materials in forensic identification using Touch DNA analysis. It was able to be isolated and amplified by using Polymerase Chain Reaction on the STR CODIS loci THO1, CSF1PO and TPOX
Topological Data Analysis for Image Forgery Detection Ahmed K. Al-Jaberi1 , Aras Asaad2, Sabah A. Jassim3 , Naseer Al-Jawad4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10668

Abstract

The manipulation of digital images has become easy due to powerful computers, advanced photo-editing software packages and high-resolution image-capturing devices. The identification of image authenticity has received much attention because of the increasing power of image editing methods. Object removal is an image forgery technique, which is usually achieved by the Exemplar-Based Inpainting (EBI) method without any noticeable traces. Some legal issues may arise when a tampered image cannot be distinguished from a real one by visual examination. Therefore the manipulation of digital images has become a huge challenge to passive image forensics. There are a lot of forgery techniques that use to detect on these images after removing the object, but these techniques have limitations when used some post-processing operations such as super-resolution processing, noise addition, blurring and compression processes. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel forgery detection technique to recognize tampered inpainting images, using topological data analysis (TDA) approach. TDA is a mathematical approach concern studying shapes or objects to gain information about connectivity and closeness property of those objects. This proposed technique is applied for a large number of natural images with getting a good results.
Moringa Leaf (Moringa oleifera Lam) Nanoparticle Supplementation on Zygote Cleavage in Goat Embryo Culture In Vitro Alfina Aisatus Saadah1 , Widjiati2 , Hendy Hendarto3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10669

Abstract

One of the causes of failure of zygote development is oxidative stress in the culture medium. Where oxidative stress can damage the structure and function of zygotes due to free radicals Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Moringa oleifera Lam contains antioxidant polyphenol compounds, flavonoid flavanols namely quercetin which is the most antioxidant content in Moringa leaves which is expected to fight excess ROS. The purpose of this study was to prove that the supplementation of Moringa oleifera Lam leaf nanoparticles to increase zygote cleavage in goat embryo culture in vitro. The research subjects used goat oocytes which were divided into 4 groups consisting of 1 control group and 3 treatment groups. Each group consisted of 31 samples. Control group K1 without Moringa leaf nanoparticle supplementation, treatment group I P1 Moringa leaf nanoparticle supplementation with a dose of 0.5 µM, treatment group II P2 supplementation of Moringa leaf nanoparticles with a dose of 1.0 µM, Treatment group III P3 supplementation with Moringa leaf 2.0 µM. Embryo culture was carried out in a 5% CO2 incubator, temperature 38.5ºC for 48 hours, then observed under an inverted microscope. The results show that there are significant differences with the value of p = 0.041 which means p <0.05. Supplementation of moringa leaf nanoparticles (Moringa oleifera Lam) can significantly increase zygote cleavage at embryo culture stage in vitro.
Study of Tuberculosis Related Topics in Baghdad, Iraq 2012-2016 Tuberculosis Related Topics Ali Kareem Durib1 , Ekterina Valerievna Blinova2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10670

Abstract

Objective(s): The present study designed to explore topics related to Tuberculosis, such as new smear positive cases, causes, treatment and new pulmonary positive cases in Baghdad City, Iraq for 2012-2016. Methods: A descriptive “retrospective” design was performed throughout the present study from the period of November 12th 2017 to February 13th 2018. All registered tuberculosis patients in Baghdad, Iraq for the period of 2012-2016. An instrument was constructed for the purpose of the study. Data were collected from the health records at the National Tuberculosis Center, State TB center, and district TB center for the period of 2012 to 2016 with the use of the study instrument. Data were analyzed through the application of descriptive statistical data analysis approach of frequency, percent, incidence rate and ratio. Results: The study findings depicted that most of the new smear positive cases are accounted for the age group of (15-24) year old during the years of 2012-2016. Causes of Tuberculosis in the rural area were accounted for poverty (39.95%), smoking (22.39%), untreated cases (12.4%), alcoholism (11.32%), malnutrition (10.30%) and overcrowded (3.57%) respectively, and accounted for alcoholism (27.77%), overcrowded (27.16%), malnutrition (24.69%), smoking (11.93%), poverty (7.62%) and untreated cases of Tuberculosis (0.80%) respectively in the urban area. Conclusion: The study concluded that Most of the new smear positive cases are accounted for the age group of (15-24) year old during the years of 2012-2016. Patients, in 2014, had benefited out of the Tuberculosis Program more than others based on the success rate.
Analysis of Factors Related to Pesticide Poisoning in Rice Farmers in Teweh Selatan Subdistrict, Barito Utara District Ali Sodikin1 , Ruslan Muhyi2, Eko Suhartono3 , Husaini3, Lenie Marlinae4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10671

Abstract

The results of monitoring and examination of farmers in Barito Utara District by examining the cholinesterase enzyme by the Regional Health Laboratory and the District Health Office of Barito Utara in the blood of farmers found 71.19% experienced organopathic pesticide poisoning. This study aims to analyze the risk factors associated with the level of pesticide poisoning in rice farmers in Teweh Selatan Subdistrict, Barito Utara District, namely mixing dosage, spraying time, spraying frequency, spraying duration, working period, wind direction, and use of personal protective equipment. The research design used was observational with cross sectional approach. The number of samples is 55 people taken by simple random sampling. Rice farmers who experienced pesticide poisoning by 56.4%. Chi-Square Test showed four variables had a significant relationship with the incidence of pesticide poisoning and were a risk factor for the occurrence of pesticide poisoning namely mixing dose (p=0.003 OR=6.909; 95% CI=2.020-23.627), frequency of spraying (p=0.004; OR=6,300; 95% CI=1.913-20.749), working period (p=0.020; OR=4.416; 95% CI=1.402-13.906) and wind direction (p=0.007; OR=5.714; 95% CI=1.756-18.591). Multiple logistic regression test showed that the most dominant factor related to the incidence of pesticide poisoning was the frequency of spraying. Risk factors associated with the incidence of pesticide poisoning are mixing dosage, frequency of spraying, working period and wind direction.
The Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Improving Cognitive and Nutrition Status among Preschool Children Coming to Family Medicine Center Clinic in Nikla Village at Giza Amany Nassef Tawfik Elshemy1 , Hanna Mohamed Aboulghar2 , Maha Abd El Rahman Mowafy3 , Maha Emad Eld
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10672

Abstract

Objectives: Prevalence of zinc deficiency among preschool children in the study. Impact of zinc supplementation on cognitive function and the nutritional status among preschool children. Health education for healthy food and their requirement from the food regard the age and sex. Study design: This is a pre-post intervention study included 50 preschool child. Method: The children randomly assigned to receive zinc supplementation daily for 6 months according to the level of plasma zinc. They were A self- administered questionnaire was used included (socio-demographic data, food frequency questionnaire and 24 hr. recall), anthropometric and cognition were assessed at the beginning and the end of the supplementation period. In addition to health education about healthy food throughout the follow up 6 months. Results:-The study included males (46%) and females (54%); -There was a significant difference in weight for age and height for age between the group before and after zinc supplementation. - A significant difference in cognitive function, which the full-scale IQ, verbal IQ and nonverbal IQ between the group before and after zinc supplementation -The health education effect positively on increasing the consumption of healthy food as protein, CHO, fruits, and vegetables to the normal proportions also effect on decrease consumption of unhealthy food as manufactured potatoes, fizzy drinks, and sweats. Conclusions: zinc supplementation has an effect on cognitive and nutrition status on preschool age.- Health education about healthy food have good feedback on the study.
Antibiotic Sensitivity of Streptococcus Pneumoniae that Isolated from Different Pneumococcal Infections Anfal Shakir Motib1 , Hani Hameed Wadi2 , Saja Khamees Sabae3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10673

Abstract

During the period from June of 2018 to February 2019 (150) isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae were isolated from 600 patients with clinical symptoms of Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) (pneumonia), otitis media and meningitis obtained from Baqubah Hospitals. The results showed that not only S. pneumoniae causes pneumonia and it can causes diseases other than pneumonia such as otitis media and meningitis but with less frequency. S. pneumoniae showed different susceptibilities towards antibiotics used in this study. The total susceptibility was (65.8%) and the total resistance was (34.2%). The highest pneumococcal susceptibility was showed to the cell wall inhibitors (44.4%) followed by protein synthesis inhibitors (28%) and quinolones (17.3%), and the lowest susceptibility was to folate antagonists with 0%. The highest rates of susceptibility was to penicillin (100%), chloramphenicol (86%), vancomycin (80%) and moderate rates of susceptibility to levofloxacin (90) 60%, linezolid (42.7) %, cefotaxime (40%), ofloxacin (40%) whereas there was a relatively lower susceptibility rate towards other antibiotics such as ampicillin, imipenem, amoxicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Therefore, it should be avoided in the treatment in addition to tazobactam, amikacin, gentamicin, which had lowest rates susceptibility against S. pneumoniae. As a result, it required more research to identify new antibiotic or vaccine to reduce the risk of pneumococcal infection.
Incidence of Blunt Force Trauma Deaths in the Transkei SubRegion of South Africa (1993-2015) B. Meel
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10674

Abstract

Background: Trauma is a serious health problem especially when an individual is poor. They cannot reach hospital timeously, and also could not afford to get a quality of care in hospital. Transkei is the poorest region in South Africa with poor infrastructure like transport and health care. Objective: To study the incidence of blunt force trauma deaths in the Transkei sub-region of South Africa. Method: An autopsy record review study at Forensic Pathology Laboratory at Mthatha over a period of 23-years (1993-2015). Results: There were 26 855 autopsies were conducted over the period of 23 years. Of this, 2960 (11 %) deaths are related with blunt force trauma. Majority were males 2477 (9.2%). The male to female ratio is 6:1. About one-fourth 720 (30.21%) are between 21 and 30 years of age group. The average blunt force trauma fatalities is 20.2 per 100 000 per year. The highest rate of deaths, 25 per 100 000 has recorded in the year Conclusion: There has been an increasing trend of deaths as a result of blunt force trauma in the Transkei sub-region of South Africa. Poverty is probably a major underlying factor in these deaths.
The Relationship of General Health Condition with Safety Attitudes and Demographical Specifications in Workers of Car after-Sale Services Workshops Iran 2019 Behzad Saranjam1 , Maryam Feiz-Arefi2 , Malek Abazari3 , Parisa Abedi-Vakilabad4 , Masoud NezhadMoh
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10676

Abstract

Background: Health condition of workers affects their productivity. The relationship between general health and safety attitudes is not quite clear. Objective: The present paper is an attempt to examine the relationship of general health condition with safety attitude and demographical specifications of workers at car after-sale services workshops in Ardabil Iran. Materials and Method: The study was carried out as a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study. The sample group consisted of 650 workers in small car after-sale services workshops located in Ardabil City. Three questionnaires including a demographical form, the General Health questionnaire (GHQ-28), and the safety attitude inventory were used for data gathering. The collected data was analyzed in SPSS19. Results: The mean score of safety attitude was 71.05±2.3 and the mean score of general health was 24.96±3.35. The score of general health had a significant relationship with age group, work experience, marital status, education level, and history of work incident. The mean scores of safety attitude was significantly different depending on age group, work experience, workshop ownership status, marital status, education level, income, and history of work accident. Conclusion: The subjects had a low safety attitudes score and high probability of general heath disorders. General health condition was directly related to safety attitude of the participants. Therefore, providing applied educations based on the workers’ needs to increase awareness and improve safety attitudes of workers can lead to a decrease in the rate of work accidents and a higher general health in the workers.
Personal Hygiene and its Effect on the Treatment of After Cesarean Section Debridement in NTB General Hospital Chairun Nasirin1 , Sri Wahyuningsih1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10677

Abstract

Personal hygiene is important for after cesarean patients because personal hygiene will affect one’s health and psychological well-being. Patients with after cesarean wounds should be given immediate wound care by cleaning to prevent infection during the wound care. This will affect the wound healing process in cesarean surgery patients. This study aims to determine the relationship between personal hygiene and healing of after cesarean wounds in the NTB General Hospital. An accidental sampling technique of 52 patients with after cesarean section who experienced personal hygiene during wound care in the NTB General Hospital was used in this study using a prospective cohort study design. By using data analysis based on the chi square test, the results showed that personal hygiene in after cesarean patients was mostly good category of 40 respondents (76.9%), cesarean section wound healing in after cesarean patients most of the categories were cured as much as 46 respondents (88.5%) and obtained a p-value of 0.002 <0.05. The results of the study confirmed the relationship between personal hygiene and healing of after cesarean wounds in the NTB General Hospital. This study recommends that nurses and other health teams develop theories and guidelines for the implementation of personal hygiene that are more effective and efficient in order to reduce infection after cesarean section.

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