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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 113   114   115   116   117 
Histological Evaluation of the Effect of Metronidazolemedicine on the Brain Tissue in Adult Female White Rats Yaseen Khalaf Mohammed1 , Ayad Hameed Ibrahim2 , Aziz Khalid Hameed3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10799

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to assess the neurotoxic effect of metronidazole in pregnant female rats . Twenty adult pregnant female rats were randomly divided into four groups treatment with oral metronidazole at the therapeutic dose 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg from the eight day of pregnant to the twenty day of pregnant (every eight hour), whereas the last group serve as a control. Routine Histological Techniques were done and stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H & E). The histopathological examination of brain show the lesion was characterized by a wide spongy cavitation and cavitation was observed around the nerve and glial cells along with atrophy of some of its nuclei and around the axonal and vascular axons with the presence of nuclear thickening of some glia cells, as well as hyperplasia of the glial cells supporting, disintegration and degeneration of nerve fibers, with damage to the meninges. In addition to the presence of bloody congestion. This study revealed that metronidazole have a neurotoxic effect in adult female rats with a severity depended on its dose and duration of administration.
An Analytical Study of Deviations of the Foot and the Way to Put it While Walking Using the Force Sensor Wissam Shallal Mohamed1, Basem Naji Al-Fatlawi2 , Israalaffta Salem3 , Hayder Naji Habash Alshawi4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10800

Abstract

The importance of the research lies in knowing the deviations of the foot from the position of the gait and the extent of the relationship of these deviations and the conditions in the pain that occur at the top and bottom of the back, as the method of placing the foot on the ground and areas of strength centring is important and affects the human skeleton, especially the areas of the spine above and below the back, As for the research problem, it was represented by following and informing the researchers. Many people suffer from the pain that arises in the areas of the back. As a specialist in this field, the researchers decided to study and analyze the variables of a force-sensitive device for a sample of students from the College of Basic Education, if this device is through the results that It extracts it can contribute to the knowledge of the many problems that these individuals suffer from at the back level. The research aimed to identify the areas of strength and foot deviations through the force sensor in the research sample, where the researchers used the descriptive method in the survey method as the research community identified the students of the College of Basic Education At the University of Kufa, who are (170) students, and the researchers chose a sample of (20) students who suffer from back pain, and after the presentation and discussion of the results came the most important conclusions The results showed that the research sample rested while walking on the outer part of the foot, and the results showed that the rest of the strength areas of the force were uneven and few.
Isolation and Diagnosis of Multi Drug Resistance Pseudomonas Aeruginosa from Wound and Burnpatients in Baghdad City Mustafa Riyadh Salman AL-Rubaye1 , Taghreed Khudhur Mohammed2 , Hanaa N. Abdullah3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10801

Abstract

Background: Pseudomonas is a common bacteria found all over the world; in soil,water, and plants, and it is one of the most common pathogens in hospital-acquired infections. Aims: The aims of this study were isolation of P. aeruginosa bacteria from patients with inflammation of burns, Diagnosis and identification of P. aeruginosa using chemical tests and VITEK2 system and alsostudy of antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa using the VITEK2 system. Method: (206) swabs were collected from wounds and burns; (139) samples from burns and (67) samples from wounds; from different clinical cases for both sexes and ages (1-70) years, the patients coming and sleeping in Baghdad Teaching Hospital and Burns Hospital in the City of Medicine at Baghdad city; the duration from January to the end of March 2019. Samples were cultured on the variety of culture media (MacConkey agar, Blood agar and Cetrimide agar) in order to obtain the bacterial isolates of P. aeruginosa depending on their phenotypic characteristics.VITEK2 system were used for identification P. aeruginosaand to study their resistance to the antibiotics. Results: Out of the 206 samples, 50 Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from swabs. 31(62%) isolates were isolated from burn and 19 (38%) from wound swabs. The isolates were subjected to a series of biochemical tests as diagnosed with Api 20E; and VITEK2 system to increase confirmation of isolation yield for P. aeruginosa bacteria. The results showed that the majority of isolates were (92%) resistant to Amoxicillin while the isolates differed between sensitive and moderate sensitivity and resistance to other types of antibiotics. Conclusion: The study showed that the percentage of isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria from wound infections is relatively higher than the rate of isolation from burn swabs. Most of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates showed high resistance to most types of antibiotics used in the present study, especially the antibiotic Amoxicillin where the resistance rate was 92%.
Epidemiological Study of Common Cancer Cases in Baghdad City Taghreed Khudhur Mohammed1 , Alaaabdulkhaliq Jabbar2 , Anam Aziz Jasim3 , Hanaa N. Abdullah4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10802

Abstract

Background: It is possible to notice the increase in the incidence of cancer during the recent years in Iraq, particularly in Basrah, Al - Anbar and Baghdad. Different types of cancers like l Lung cancer, Breast cancer, Bladder cancer, Colorectal cancer and Pancreas tumors. Objectives: The objective of the current research was to study the most common cancer cases in Baghdad city. Method: The current study was conducted in the oncology teaching hospital/medical city/Baghdad, for the period from January 2019 until October 2019. The data of 139 patients were collected from official records in the hospital clinics which included gender, age and the types of cancer. Results: The highest percentage of cancers was found in patients with breast cancer (54.67 %); followed by colon cancer (16.54 %), ovarian cancer (8.63 %), liver cancer (5.75 %) and prostate cancer (5.03 %). The highest incidence of breast cancer appeared in the age group (40 – 49) years with the percentage of 35.52%. Of the total number of studied cases, 80 (63.30%) of patients with different types of cancer suffered from chronic diseases. Conclusion: Breast cancer mostcommon types of cancers in Baghdad city, and inceased cases in the last year, 2019. Both sexes suffered from cancers especially in age above 40 years.
Investigation of the Hydrolytic Enzyme Activities of Candida Parapsilosis Isolated From Milk Samples of Bovine Mastitis by API ZYM and Molecular Method Hawraa F.H. AL-abedi1 , Azhar A.F. AL-Attraqchi2 , Bassam Y. Khudaie3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10803

Abstract

Two hundred and fifty milk samples were collected from cows suffering from mastitis, these samples were tested for mycotic mastitis using culture and conventional PCR method. The results showed 116 isolates of Candida spp. were recovered with a prevalence of (46.4%),hence C. parapsilosis was the dominating species 15/116 (12.9%). Fifteen isolates (100%) belong C.parapsilosis was confirmed by PCR using a species specific primer for the 18S rRNA gene. Some randomly chose isolates of C. parapsilosis were used for detection of their hydrolytic enzymatic activity by API ZYM test and PCR. The method used to evaluate their enzymatic activity was API ZYM (BioMerieux). The highest activity was observed for leucine arylamidase, acid phosphatase, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase and ?-glucosidase as 10/10 (100%) for each, followed by esterase lipase (C8) 9/10 (90%), valine arylamidase and alkaline phosphatase 8/10 (80%) for both and esterase (C4) 7/10 (70%). Conventional PCR was done for partial amplification of sterol esterase, alkaline phosphates and alpha-glucosidase genes by specific primer sequences, The results of the PCR amplification of these genes was 8/10 (80%) for sterol esterase gene. Concerning the alkaline phosphatase gene, it was present in 10/10 (100%). Regarding alpha-glucosidase gene was present in 10/10 (100%). This work aims at evaluating enzymatic activities of C. parapsilosis isolated from cow’s milk with mastitis.
Incidence of Entamoeba Gingivalis and Trichomonas Tenax in the Oral Cavity of Periodontal and Patients Under Chemotherapy, Confirmed with in Vivo Study Dhilal Mahdi Al-Muathen1, Luma Amer Yasir2, Hayat Ghaith Sachit3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10804

Abstract

Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of occurrences Entamoeba gingivalis, and Trichomonas tenax with periodontal in one hand and patients receiving chemotherapy on the other hand and compared to normal subjects. And evaluate the pathogenecity of these parasites In Vivo. Materials and Method: A total of 80 patients, 30 with Periodontitis attending AL-Karama dentistry center, and 20 patients under chemotherapy referred to the national center of hematology- Mustanasiriyah University, Iraq, were involved in this study. And the last 30 subjects were considered as control with good oral condition. Scrapings of gums were taken and examined immediately microscopically,once by wet mount smear, and the other stained with Giemsa-Romanovesky. The positive samples were cultured on special cultures for the experimental part and then spread on the gingival margins of three groups of rats (for each parasite), the first was given immunosuppressive drug, while the other two groups were not given it. Results: The results shows that the higher frequency of Entamoeba gingivalis in patients with Periodontitis 36.7%. Patients receiving chemotherapy showed higher frequency of E. gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax comparing with the control group 30% and 10%, 15% and 3.333% respectively. All rats which were deal with T. tenax still a life and with healthy gingiva, in the other hand, all rats in the 1st group that deal with E. gingivalis have been showed periodontal ulcers and two of them died after 10 days, while one rat of the 2nd group has been showed mild gingival inflammation with no death, and no ulceration, inflammation or death have been occurred in the control group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that: 1-Periodontal patients showed higher frequencies of E. gingivalis. 2-Patients receiving chemotherapy showed higher frequencies than the normal control. 3- In Vivo Entamoeba gingivalis may become pathogenic in individuals under chemotherapy.
Relation of Serum Level of Lipocalin 2 to Her2/neu in Women with Breast Cancer Atheer R. Atia1 , Salam S. Ahmed2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10805

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, being one of the leading causes morbidity in the female.(1) Lipocalin is a neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) or lipocalin 2 that is a 25 KDa glycoprotein, which was originally identified as a covalent complex with matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in human neutrophil.(2) Lipocalin acts as bone-derived hormone which crosses the blood brain barrier (BBB) and acts on the hypothalamus in the brain. The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2/neu), has shown to have a prognostic value for the treatment with the monoclonal antibody in breast cancer.(3) Material and Method: This is a cross sectional, hospital based study. This study was carried out at the Oncology Center in Kirkuk City-Iraq from the 1st of November 2018 to the end of June 2019. Forty-two women with breast cancer were considered as a study group. Forty-four apparently healthy women without breast cancer (relative of patients) and with a negative family history for the first and second degree relatives of breast cancer were consider as a control group, their ages were from 23 to 70 year. By using a sterile disposable syringe 10 mls of venous blood sample was drawn from each woman at morning and was kept in a plain tube and allowed to clot at room temperature, then each sample was centrifuged at 6000 rpm to obtain serum. Serum of the patients and controls had assay for lipocalin 2 and Her2/neu by ELISA. Results: The mean serum level of lipocalin 2 was significantly elevated in breast cancer women compared to control women (62.77 ± 6.1 and 23.98 ± 5.9 ng/l) respectively at a P value of 0.001. This study also reveals that the mean serum level of Her2/neu was higher in breast cancer women (33.96 ± 2.7 ng/ml) as compared with the control group (9.76 ± 1.6 ng/ml). This result was highly significant at a P value of 0.001. This study found that there was a moderate positive correlation between lipocalin with Her2/neu in breast cancer women (R: 0.33), which means that lipocalin 2 was proportionally elevated with increasing of Her2/ neu level. Conclusion: This study reveals that there was a significant positive correlation between lipocalin and Her2/ neu in breast cancer women, the r value was 0.33.
Estimation Some Antioxidants Enzymes in Stress Patients in Babylon City Sahar Saadi1 , Rasha Hashim Hussein2 , Saadi Mohammed3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10806

Abstract

Oxidative stress can be defined as an increase in oxidative parameters or a decline in antioxidant defense mechanisms. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) are antioxidant enzymes. They areresponsible for eliminating free radicals like superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, and they stand forantioxidant defense mechanisms an entire of fifty patients and twenty five control subjects were collected between April to August 2019 several physiological parameters were calculable similar to (SOD, and CAT). The results of present study illustrated that the patients groups, had greater significant differences (P? 0.05) levels of SOD, and CAT in contrast with control groups result at significant differences (P? 0.05).
Whole Genome Sequence and Development of a Transposon Mutagenesis System for Pseudomonas Putida sp.12 Alyaa Abdelhameed1 , Rana Hussein Naser2 , Ansam Dawod Salman3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10807

Abstract

Nowadays, Heavy metal pollution is one of the most important environmental problems. All metals occurring in the biosphere originated in the earth’s crust; however, the toxic metal pollution of the biosphere has intensified rapidly since the onset of the industrial revolution, posing major environmental and health problems. Several studies have demonstrated the effect of metals on microbial diversity, biomass and activity. It is believed that metal Microbial activity is responsible for the bioremediation of the third elements in the periodic table. Selenium is an important trace element that required for in trace amounts for growth and metabolism but toxic at elevated concentration. The ability of a single mutant Pseudomonas putida sp.12(mariner transposon) has been used to search for genes involved in the biotransformation of selenite to red elemental selenium. This study aims to develop a transposon mutagenesis system for the model P. putida sp.12 to investigate the gene(s) that involved in selenite reduction. The conjugative plasmid pSAM_R1 containing the mariner transposon was used for transposon mutagenesis. A single mutant reliably impaired in selenite transformation, found that the mutant clones, contained an inactivation within pmoB, one of two copies of the gene encoding the largest subunit of particulate selenite-reduction. Physiological analysis of this “white mutant” indicated that the selenite-reducing activity, which was located primarily in the cytoplasm of the cells, could be rescued by adding format as an alternative source of electrons
Evaluation of HPRT Gene mutation and Comet Assay in Some Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy Rafid A, Abdul Kareem1 , Abdul Sahib, K. Ali2 , Amel, J. Muttar2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10808

Abstract

Introduction: Radiotherapy is a toxic cellular treatment that destroys rapidly dividing cells such as cancer cells. The strategy for HPRT mutation examination in human’s cells was commonly used to establish in vivo history along with mutation rates in children and adults inhabitants subjected to experienced and unfamiliar external mutagens. As just a practical approach to human biosurveillance studies, the comet assay has been introduced over the past years as biomarker to identify ionizing radiation Consequences with Patients undergoing radiotherapy in breast cancer. Materials and Method: This study was carried out on thirty Iraqi women patients with BC patients undergoing radiotherapy about 20-30 Gy locally gamma cells at Al-Amel National Hospital for cancer Management in Baghdad during time 2-13 years, non-smokers and non- alcoholic, aged (35-55 year), with stage (grade) I-III, as well as thirty apparently healthy individuals females collected randomly from population living Baghdad, Old age (35-55) Which are non-alcoholic non-smokers as group of control. Around the ongoing research comet-test and hprt mutation test could be applied to study damages in DNA for genetic two endpoints For patients with cancer throughout radiation therapy. Results: The present study showed significant increase (p<0.05) in the HPRT gene mutation assay for the in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy as compared with the control group. Also there were found that the values of comet tail moment and tail length was increased significantly (p<0.05) in the human lymphocyte in these for breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy as compared with the control group. Conclusions: Present results revealed that there is a probability of utilizing human lymphocytes changes as useful biodosimetric markers for the detection of human exposure to ionizing radiation, the data gathered also demonstrated the utility of the HPRT gene mutation and (Alkaline) comet test as just a precise alternative biological marker for routine preventative care of cancer patients receiving radiation therapy.

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