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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Using Bioluminescence Assay to Detect Snps Cause Drug Resistant of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Iraq Hassan Kadhim Nemir1 , Ismail Aziz1 , Alaa Kareem Mohammed2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10820

Abstract

In this search, a new bioluminescent technique was proved for pyrophosphate which was employed to single- nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) diagnosis using one-base extension reaction. Four Mycobacterium tuberculosis genes were chosen (Rpob, InhA, KatG, GyrA) genes. Fifty-four specimens were used in this study fifty-three proved as drug-resistant specimens by The Iraqi Institute of Chest and Respiratory Diseases in Baghdad., also one specimen was used as a negative control. The procedure of this assay was as follows. A specific primer within each aliquot owning a short 3-OH end of the base of the target gene was hybridized to the single-stranded DNA template. Then, (exo-) Klenow DNA polymerase and one of either ?-thio-dATP, dTTP, dGTP, or dCTP were supplemented and incubated for 1 min. Pyrophosphate freed by DNA polymerase is altered to ATP by pyruvate phosphate dikinase (PPDK), and the amount of ATP is measured using the firefly luciferase reaction. This technique, which does not demand expensive equipment, can be applied to rapidly monitor one-point mutation in the gene that causes drug resistant in mycobacterium tuberculosis. The results showed a high variation in values of ATP formation through matching and mismatch bases added. So, this assay (which required only five minutes), enable to find the gene SNP causes resistant for the specific drug
Assessment of Caregiver Knowledge Related to the Physiological Changes and Health Problems in Government Geriatric Home at Baghdad City Shatha Ahmed M.A.1 , Muna Abdul Kadhum Zeidan2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10821

Abstract

Population aging can lead to a larger number of individuals with physical and emotional disorders, which increase demand for caregivers, there is a high prevalence of functional disability in older adults and a variability between the genders, with a 42.8% rate among women and 39.6% among men. A quasi experimental study, Analytical, cross-sectional, non-probability convenient study done with sampling of 20 caregivers was conducted in the Geriatric Care Home in Baghdad City (the governmental geriatric home) for the period from 12th of October 2018 to 20th of January 2019 to ass their knowledge about physiological changes and health problems. A questionnaire was used to collect caregiver’s data which consist of two parts: The first part is concerned general information of the study Geriatrichome, and the second part involves two domains involving items concerning caregiver’s knowledge about physiological changes and health problems and their knowledge about emergency care for elderly persons. Results: the study presents that a high percentage (60%) of the study sample was nurses as caregivers in AL- Rashad Geriatric Care Home and (80%) of the study sample are males, (60%) of the caregivers were graduated from college in AL- Cyelakh, All caregivers in the study of geriatric homes was married, with barely sufficient income .The study shows that,(90%), (70%) of caregivers in all geriatric care homes have (1-10) year of experiences respectively,(80%) of caregivers in geriatric home answers that they have emergency cases at their work time, (85%) of the emergency cases was saved in all geriatric care homes. Conclusions: The researcher recommends to increase training courses inside and outside Iraq and encourage employees to use safety measures to avoid injuries of the elderly, and prepare the advanced medical facilities to promote saving lives. As well as a medical test and evaluation of all elderly in geriatric care home to identify their health problems which lead to emergencies.
Study the Glucose Transport, Angiogenesis and Apoptosis Behavioral through Chemotherapy Treatment According to Receptors Status in Women with Breast Cancer Hamzah H. Kzar1 , Moshtak A. wtwt2 , Moaed E. Al-Gazally3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10822

Abstract

Background: Glucose transporting into cells, angiogenesis, and apoptosis are the main factors that inducing the progression of many types of cancers including breast cancer. BC progression was seen as a multi-step process involving progressive changes from normal to hyperplasia with and without atypia, carcinoma in situ, invasive carcinoma, and metastasis. Aim: Assessment the role of glucose transport-1 (GLUT-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and cluster of differentiation factor(CD44) as a glucose transporting into cells, angiogenesis, and apoptotic factors in women with BC whom receiving chemotherapy. Method and Subjects: 120 women with BC included in this study as a patients group as well as 120 apparently healthy women as control. The women with BC is divided into sub-groups depending on chemotherapy treatment status. GLUT-1, VEGF, and CD44 were investigated by ELISA method. Results: This study suggested that highly significant differences in the mean and standard division of GLUT?1 and VEGF in all cases of women with BC compare to control group (P-Value< 0.05). The levels of GLUT?1 was highly significant difference between two subgroup have Her?2 positive and negative (p < 0.001), and the levels of VEGF, and CD44 in patients subgroups were significant (p< 0.05). Conclusion: The following up of the progression and responding to chemotherapy treatment may be more easy by estimation the glucose transporting, angiogenesis, and apoptotic markers in women with BC.
Histopathological Change and Gene Expression of Heat Shock proteins (Hsp90 & Hsp70) in Snail pomaceacanaliculata (Lamarch, 1822) Exposed to Stress by the Pesticide Lannate Ali A. A. Al-Ali1 , Murtatha Y. M. Al- Abbad1 , Basim K. Al-dhamin2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10823

Abstract

The current study aimed to investigate the snail’s pathological changes and their relationship with the amount of gene expression of heat shock proteins HSP90 & HSP70 under the influence of lannate pesticide. canaliculata were collected during the period between 5th-10th May 2018. The laboratory generation snails were divided into 2 groups, the first was exposed to a concentration of 10 mg/L of the pesticide, as the lethal concentration of the pesticide was 12.6mg/L, and the second was left as a control group. After that, three snails from each group were dissected by the end of the following intervals (10mins, 1hr, 8hrs, 24hrs, 3days, 7days, and 15day). The gene expression was studies using qPCR method. Results of the genetic analysis for the abundance of the HSP70-HSP90 showed a clear effect of the pesticide on the treated snails during the above interval. On the other hand, the results of the histological study of the gills showed that the pathological changes varied in their intensity during the intervals, while there was no clear effect to variation of concentrations. These changes involve loss of cilia in the epithelial cells, infiltration of granulocytes in the cilia loss regions, hyperplasia, degradation and necrosis of cells as well as the accumulation of non-living brown and grey materials within the epithelial cells. Moreover, it was noticed that the mucous materials secreted from cystic cells has increased.
A Comparative Study between Rosuvastatin and Pitavastatin Toxicity on Liver and Kidney in Albino Rats Noor D. Aziz 1 , Amal Umran Mosa2 , Ayyed Hameed Hassan3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10824

Abstract

Statins are group of drugs utilized to large degree as therapy of hypercholesterolemia, that is a substantial hazard in evolving cardiovascular diseases, like myocardial infarction, this achieved by competitive inhibition of three-hydroxy-three-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), three-Hydroxy-three methyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors. Statins are applied widely to control serum cholesterol in an attempt to lower mortality and morbidity related to atherosclerosis. Method: This study was conducted on 18 Sprague dawley male rats. They were separated into three groups each group consist of six animals each as the following: Control group: Drenched normal saline for 30 days. Rosuvastatin group: Drenched 15 mg/kg/day of rosuvastatin, for 30 days. Pitavastatin group: Drenched 0.8 mg/kg/day of pitavastatin for 30 days. Objective: To determine the hepatic and renal toxicity, and safety of rosuvastatin compared with pitavastatin in rats. Results: Results has revealed considerable rise in serum and ALP in rosuvastatin group, while for pitavastatin group the results revealed significant difference in serum ALP and no significant increase in serum ALT and AST. Also there is significant difference in the serum level of creatinine in pitavastatin group and rosuvastatin group when compared between the three groups. and no significant increase in serum TSB and urea in both rosuvastatin and pitavastatin groups. Conclusions: The study concluded that the pitavastatin is more safely used in patients with liver and kidney diseases and the pitavastatin is safer than rosuvastatin.
Knowledge and Attitude for Sterile Women Regarding Infertility in Thi-Qar Fertility Centers Sarah Talib Kadhim1 , Oday Faris Washeel2, Doaa Samia Rashash1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10825

Abstract

Objective of Study: To explore knowledge and attitudes about Infertility for sterile women. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study of (100) sterile women selected randomly who visited in thi-Qar fertility center for the period from 3rd October 2019 to 15th January 2020. Validity and reliability of questionnaire are determined through pilot study. Used descriptive statistical procedures deductive data analysis, and data was collected from couples through predesigned interview questionnaire and attitude scale, data was analyzed by SPSS version (20). Descriptive and inferential statistic was used. Results: The result showed in the age series (25-30 years) was for the elevated proportion from the pattern. General knowledge of sterile women was (44.34 per cent), knowledge of sterile women’s risk factors was (30%). The sterile women’s attitude to infertility was negative (28.6 percent).Women’s strategies in this study were weak (26.3 percent).Women’s age and duration of infertility were significantly correlated (PV=0.01). Recommendation: Promote education programs to raise knowledge rates and improve infertility behaviors, and promote improving infertility coping strategies.
Cross Sectional Study of the Correlation between ESR,RBCS and WBCs with Disease Duration in Iraqi Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease (SLE) Ahmed Tawfeq1 , Abeer Fauzi Al-Rubaye2 , Manar Mohammad Hasan AL-Murshidi2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10826

Abstract

Systemic lupus Erythrematosus disease (SLE), is an autoimmune multisystemic disease, and is associated with the considerable morbidity. The hematological abnormalities might be the initial indicator. Disease duration may have an impact on the hematological parameters. Method: This research has been conducted in the Renal Transplant Center, Medical City, Baghdad/Iraq. Total of 50 female patients, aged 31.15±9.11 years and 40 femals aged 35.10±10.92 as controls. Total counts of RBCs, WBCs, and ESR has been valued by automated hematology analyzer. Results: Results of ESR has been showen a significant increase (p<0.001) in patients with SLE as compaired with the control group. And a significant decrease in RBCs, WBCs counts (p<0.001) in SLE patients when compared with those of control. Correlation analysis for RBCs and WBCs has been showen a significant negative correlation with the duration of disease in patients with SLE, and positive correlation has been found between ESR and the duration of disease. Conclusion: RBCs and WBCs has been changed in SLE patients, and they were related to the duration of disease.
Evaluation of the Cleaning Efficiency of 2 Shape, Hyflex EDM and Pro Taper GOLD Systems Using Digital Image Morphometric Analysis (An in Vitro Study) Safa S. Alobaidy1 , Biland M.S. Shukri2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10827

Abstract

Aim of the Study: To measure and compare the cleaning efficiency of 2 Shape, Hyflex EDM and Protaper GOLD rotary systems in removing debris and compare the percentage of remaining debris at three different levels of root canal by using digital image morphometric analysis. Material and Method: Total 60 freshly extracted human maxillary first molar with single straight palatal roots were selected were disinfected in a solution of 1% Thymol for 1 day then the palatal roots were sectioned at a length of 12 mm from the apex and randomly divided into three groups of twenty teeth : Group A: Was prepared by 2 Shape file system (Full rotary technique). Group B: Was prepared by Hyflex EDM file system (Full rotary technique). Group C: Was prepared by Protaper GOLD system (Full rotary technique) . All systems were used according to the manufacture instructions and roots prepared to an apical preparation corresponding to size 40 K-file. Sodium hypochlorite (3%) was used as an irrigant for all groups. Conclusions: 2 Shape system was significantly less effective than Hyflex EDM and Protaper GOLD systems in eliminating debris from root canals at all levels. There were no differences in the cleaning efficiency between Hyflex EDM and Protaper GOLD systems at all levels of root canals.
Zingiber Officinale Effect on Immune Event Against Newcastle Disease Virus with Productive Performance of Broilers Firas Hussein AL-bawi1 , Raed Salih Rabee
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10828

Abstract

Study the effects of different concentration of Zingiber officinale or called ginger (GG)on productive performance, blood biochemistry as White blood cells (WBC), Red blood cells (RBC), Packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb) and immune status against Newcastle disease (ND) virus of broilers. These experiment used (180) broilers chicks of one day age type Hubbard . All chickens vaccinated against ND on day 7 the chicks, which divided randomly into (4) groups and each group of (45) chicks. The study showed the effects of different concentration of (GG) given in 2g/kg, 4g/kg and 6g/kg with feed Groups of T0, T1, T2, T3, T0 as control and T1, T2, T3, as treatment. Parameters of body weight, weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion . Statistical significant (P < 0.05) increased value of body weight, weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion was observed in T3, then T2 . A non-significant value was observed in T1 (2g/kg of GG) as compared to T0 (control). Significant (P < 0.05) increases in the WBC, RBC, PCV and Hb. The ginger additives groups showed significant (P < 0.05) increases in hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titer against ND virus. In conclusion, 4 - 6 g/kg of GG additives to broiler chicks feed, enhanced growth performance, enhance WBC, RBC, PCV, Hb and showed significant (P < 0.05) increases in hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers against ND virus, while group T1 had less significant effects compared to the other groups.
Violence Towards Nurses Staff at Teaching Hospitals in Mosul City Mahmoud M. Ahmed1 , Nasir M. Younis2 , Ahmed A. Hussein3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10829

Abstract

Background: Defining violence is one of the most common types of abuse at work in health care systems. The U.S. The Emergency Nurses Association found that workplace violence in the health service (3.8) is greater than privacy abuse, and also that the emergency room was especially susceptible. Objectives: To determine the violence against nurses in (ED)at teaching hospital in Mosul city/Iraq Method: To accomplish the study a retrospective research approach (2 years) was used. Sample study (218) nurse, (100) female, while male (118). The instrument developed by (Brislin, 1970) The questionnaire consist of (3) parts: part I includes demographic characteristics (6) variable such as (age, sex, qualification,working place, experience years and experience of ED). Part II: includes the main causes of the physical violence (eight items).Part III: include nonphysical violence (eight items). Results: The study found more than one-third of nurses was subject to physical abuse almost (37.61%), most of them exposure to nonphysical violence (73.3%). that mean the assault direction nurses in ED are widespread. Conclusion: The researcher concluded that the assault direction nurses who work in ED are widespread epically nonphysical violence, the most of the perpetrators of the assault direction the nurses in the EU are the relatives.

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