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Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
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Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Yash Scoring System in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis Yeshwant Lamture1, Rahul Y. Netragaonkar2, Varsha Gajbhiye3, Ranjeet Ambad4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12757

Abstract

Background: Acute appendicitis is amongst the most encountered emergencies seen in casualties requiringintervention. The incidence of negative laparotomy is 15% to 25% and is associated with notable morbidity.Scoring systems are useful and logical for distinguishing acute appendicitis from non-specific abdominalpain. Presently many scoring systems exist that aids in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis but still fail todecrease the rates of wrong diagnosis and the negative appendicectomy rate. This study has been undertakento evaluate the efficacy of the newer Yash scoring system which has been found more effective for the Indianpopulation in diagnosing acute appendicitis.Method and Material: A prospective study of the Yash scoring system was done on 50 patients. Thedecision of an appendicectomy was taken by the consultant surgeon. The outcomes of the Yash scoringsystem in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnosticaccuracy were calculated.Results: The Yash scoring system had sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and DA of 94.28%, 93.33%,97.05%, 87.50%, and 94% respectively.Conclusion: The Yash scoring system was a good tool to diagnose acute appendicitis.
Tzanakis Scoring System in Acute Appendicitis Concern to Indian Population Yeshwant Lamture1, Rahul Y. Netragaonkar2, Varsha Gajbhiye3, Ranjeet Ambad4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12758

Abstract

Background: Acute appendicitis is amongst the most encountered emergencies seen in casualties requiringintervention. The incidence of negative laparotomy is 15% to 25% and is associated with notable morbidity.Scoring systems are useful and logical for distinguishing acute appendicitis from non-specific abdominalpain. Presently many scoring systems exist that aids in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis but still fail todecrease the rates of wrong diagnosis and the negative appendicectomy rate. This study has been undertakento evaluate the efficacy of the Tzanakis scoring system for the Indian population in diagnosing acuteappendicitis.Method and Material: A prospective study to evaluate Tzanakis scoring system on 50 patients. The decisionof an appendicectomy was taken by the consultant surgeon. The outcomes of the Tzanakis scoring system interms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracywere calculated.Results: The Tzanakis scoring system had sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and DA of 71.42%, 66.67%,83.33%, 50%, and 70% respectively.Conclusion: Tzanakis scoring system in diagnosing acute appendicitis has a lower value in Indianpopulations
Comparison between the Tzanakis Scoring System and Yash Scoring System in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis Aditya Mundada1, Yeshwant Lamture2, Varsha Gajbhiye3, Ranjeet Ambad4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12759

Abstract

Background: Acute appendicitis is amongst the most encountered emergencies seen in casualties requiringintervention. The incidence of negative laparotomy is 15% to 25% and is associated with notable morbidity.Scoring systems are useful and logical for distinguishing acute appendicitis from non-specific abdominalpain. Presently many scoring systems exist that aids in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis but still fail todecrease the rates of wrong diagnosis and the negative appendicectomy rate. This comparative study hasbeen undertaken to evaluate and compare the efficacy of the Tzanakis scoring system with the relativelynewer Yash scoring system which has been found more effective for the Indian population in diagnosingacute appendicitis.Aim: To compare the efficacy of the Yash scoring system with the Tzanakis scoring system in diagnosingacute appendicitis.Method and Material: A prospective comparison of the Tzanakis scoring system and Yash scoring systemwas done on 50 patients. The decision of an appendicectomy was taken by the consultant surgeon. Theoutcomes of the Tzanakis scoring system and Yash scoring system in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positivepredictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy were calculated and compared.Results: The Yash scoring system had sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and DA of 94.28%, 93.33%,97.05%, 87.50%, and 94% respectively. The Tzanakis scoring system had sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV,and DA of 71.42%, 66.67%, 83.33%, 50%, and 70% respectively.Conclusion: The Yash scoring system was significantly better than the Tzanakis scoring system in diagnosingacute appendicitis.
Nerve Conduction Study in Early Diagnosed Cases of Hypothyroidism in Central India Komal Meshram1, Alka Rawekar2, Ajay Meshram3, Harshwardhan Meshram4, Anjali Vaggha5, Shilpa Ingle6
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12760

Abstract

Thyroid gland has multiple effects on the neuromuscular system and brain, its dysfunction is associated withcharacteristic symptoms and signs with functional alterations in many organs and systems. Thyroid diseasemay cause signs and symptoms of neuromuscular dysfunction. Hypothyroidism has been associated with theclinical features of proximal muscle weakness, mononeuropathy and sensorimotor polyneuropathy.Nerveconduction studies (NCS) are useful adjunct to the clinical examination of the peripheral nervous systemas it is helpful to test speed of signals through a nerve. They help to delineate the extent and distribution ofthe neural lesion and distinguish two major categories of peripheral nerve disease demyelination and axonaldegeneration. Present cross sectional studywas conducted at Central Neurophysiology Laboratory in tertiarycare teaching hospital, J.N.M.C, Sawangi (M), Wardha catering to rural population of central India to assessthe nerve conduction in early diagnosed hypothyroid patients. Total twenty seven patients; 20-50yrs of agewere screened for nerve conduction.In our study we got mixed type of peripheral neuropathy. Out of 27patients with age 18-30 yrs- 1(16.67%), 31-40 yrs- 13(61.90%) and 41-50 yrs -7 (33.3 %) had abnormalNCS. Occurrence of neuropathy was more common in female patients 80.95% as compared to male patients19.05%.Sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitudes and conduction velocity were significantlyreduced (p<0.05) in cases diagnosed as hypothyroidism in median (77%), sural (70%) and ulnar nerves(33%)as compared to controls.
Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Assessment inCab drivers Samreen Fatima1, Ambreen Fatima2, Utsav Raj3, Mangalam Kumari4, Akshay Anand5, Neha Chauhan6, Sakshi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12761

Abstract

Background: The cab drivers have to be in a particular posture for driving. They have to be in a prolongedsitting position till the time they are driving the car, this affects their back, neck, ankle &foot. it was foundin the previous studies that these people develop work related musculoskeletal disorders & pain due to theirwrong posture. This study focuses on assessment of musculoskeletal disorder in professional cab drivers.Methodology: It is a one-time observational study,30 cab drivers were involved in the study of the agegroup 18-55 years. They were screened for the inclusion & exclusion criteria,then they were asked to fill thequestionnaire for assessment, analysis of the result will be done finally.Result: The result shows that the 70% of cab drivers were suffering from lower back painConclusion: In this study we found that most of the car drivers suffers from back pain. They were advisedfor the posture correction.
Immediate Effect of Buteyko Breathing and Bhramari Pranayama on Blood Pressure, Heart Rate and Oxygen Saturation in Hypertensive Patients: A Comparative Study Samiksha Sanjiv Sathe1, Tejal Rajandekar2, Kirti Thodge3, Amol Bhawane4, Utkarsh Thatere5
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12764

Abstract

Aim: There are studies showing the use of Buteyko breathing technique & Bhramari Pranayama in reducingcardiorespiratory parameters in normal healthy individuals but to the best of our knowledge there is hardlyany study that has reported comparative immediate effect of these two techniques. Thus the aim of our studywas to evaluate the immediate effect of these two techniques on Blood pressure, heart rate and SpO2 inHypertensive patients.Method: The research design used was Comparative Experimental study design. Total 52 participants werescreened and those meeting the inclusion criteria (n=42) were included in the study. The participants wererandomly divided into two groups- Buteyko breathing and Bhramari pranayama Group of 21 each. Pre andimmediate post intervention scores were measured in terms of systolic BP, Diastolic BP, heart rate and SpO2.Findings: Inter group comparison (student’s unpaired t test) showed that there was no statisticallysignificant difference between the two groups in terms of Systolic and Diastolic BP, Heart rate and SpO2.The comparison of pre and post intervention valuesof the outcome measures in Buteyko group showeda significant difference in Systolic BP, Heart rate and SpO2 values whereas in Bhramari group there wasstatistically significant difference only the in Systolic BP values.Conclusion: It can be concluded from the present study that Buteyko breathing and Bhramari pranayamaare equally effective in immediately reducing the systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients.
The Normal Response to Slump and Straight Leg Raising Test (SLR) in an Asymptomatic Subjects Shweta A. Panchbudhe1, Kiran Janbandhu2, Shilpa Hatewar3, Vasant Gawande4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12765

Abstract

Background: Neurodynamics is a test which check the mechanical movement of neurological tissue. It isused in an assessment to gain an impression of neural tissue mobility & sensitivity to mechanical stress.Slump and straight leg raising test are said to be the standard neurodynamics test for the lower limb.Objectives: The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of neck and ankle position on knee and hipflexion movement during slump and straight leg raising (SLR) test and to know the neural tissue response tothe neurodynamic test by addition of sensitizing manoeuverMaterial and Method: It is an cross sectional study where 30 male & 30 female asymptomatic subjects inthe age group of 18-39 years were takenResults: It is concluded that there is a change in the range of movement in a normal asymptomatic subjectionduring Slump and SLR test. Therefore structural differentiating manouver has a significant effect on thebody movement
Forensic Age Estimation from Proximal End of Femur: A Radiological Study in Living Individuals Ninad Nagrale1, Swapnil Patond2, Ranjit Ambad3, Nandkishor Bankar4, Karan Jain5
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12766

Abstract

Age determination is a very essential work in the field of forensic anthropology, which is a scientific studyof human skeleton to determine age, sex and time of death to identify an individual. The identification isnothing but the recognition of an individual through various physical features or biological parameters.This study aims to examine the relationship between the stage of epiphyseal union of ossification centres atproximal end of femur & biological age in Chhattisgarh population. The study was carried out in 140 healthysubjects (70 girls and 70 boys) aging from 13 to 20 years. The obtained results revealed that the completefusion of epiphysis of proximal end of femur is seen at 17-19 years. Females were consistently developingepiphysealunion at a younger age than their male counterparts with one year of difference. Results alsosuggest that the age of epiphyseal fusion at proximal end of femur is found to vary greatly all over the India,indicating the need for separate standards for separate regions.
A Prospective Observational Case Series of Liver Injury in Paediatric Patients Secondary to Consumption of Ayurvedic Herbomineral Formulations. Rekha V. Shinde1, Ranjit Ambad2, Sunanda C. Patil3, Parag Aradhey4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12767

Abstract

Background: Ayurvedic medicines especially herbomineral formulations are combinations of metalsand herbs but not in a raw form. There are very good positive things in society about these herbomineralmedicines and lots of misconceptions in modern world and modern scientist. They are much confusedthat how ayurvedic doctors can use metals in medicines; because they feel that metals are toxic to humanbody, metal can cause hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. This is on scientific level totally confusion andmisunderstanding in the mind of allopathy people. Why this confusion arises…? Actually they must littlebit understand about ayurvedic science. This science never suggests to use these metals in the raw form.They are converting these metals totally nano particle level so original metal has been lost its molecularstructure and it is completely new ayurvedic bhasmas are only oxides of metal. First purify the metal andafter purification with lots of complicated biochemical processing, converting them into such moleculethat molecule does not have a single raw metal molecule. This must be understood that final product iscompletely different than raw metal used. If try to study this things then nobody will challenge to ayurvedicscience.Aim: Observe the incidence of hepatic injury in paediatric patients due to herbomineral drug consumption.Material and Method: In this prospective case series 5 drugs regimen of herbomineral medicine was givento 14 paediatric patients of age group 4 years to 14 years who were diagnosed as reactive and recurrentrespiratory disease. The total duration of drug delivery was 90 days. After successful completion of treatmentcourse Liver Function Test (LFT) of each patient was done and conclusion was drawn.Outcomes: Total 14 patients, biomarkers of Liver Function Test were observed normal and at last follow upevery patient was clinically fine.Conclusion: Use of herbomineral medicines in paediatric patients is safe and it does not cause hepatotoxicity
Study of Non-Stress Test as a Screening Tool in Low Risk Pregnancies at Term Gestation Snehal Deshmukh1, Amruta Choudhary2, Mugdha Jungari3, Arpita Jaiswal4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12768

Abstract

Introduction: Various antepartum surveillance method aim at early detection of fetal distress preventingintrauterine fetal death. Non Stress Test is one such tool used for screening antenatal patients. In this studynon stress test is used to screen and monitor fetus of low risk mothers, to detect fetal distress take necessaryintervention and correlate fetal outcome with test results.Materials and Method: This was a prospective longitudinal study conducted in Shalini Tai Meghe hospitaland Research Centre, Wanadongiri, Nagpur from august 2019 till August 2020. 180 Antenatal patients with37 completed weeks in labour and with no high risk factors were included in the study. Non Stress Testwas performed on the patients and according to NICE guidelines, the result was interpreted as normal orabnormal.Results: Out of 180, 130 patients had normal Non-Stress Test and 46 patients had abnormal Non StressTest. The percentage of normal delivery was 60.4% in normal non stress test group and 23.91% in abnormalnon stress test group, where as the percentage of caesarean section was 33.58% in normal non stress testgroup and 63.04% in abnormal non stress test group. The most common indication for caesarean sectionin abnormal non stress test group was fetal distress with 68.96%. Meconium stained liquor was present in73.91% patients with abnormal non stress test, with negative predictive value 72.34%, sensitivity 73.91%and specificity 72.34%. APGAR score < 7 at 5 minutes was present in 34.78% patients with abnormal nonstress test group, with negative predictive value 81.36%, sensitivity 34.78% and specificity 97.76%. 18babies from abnormal non stress test group were admitted in NICU with no perinatal mortality.Conclusion: Non stress test is a reliable screening tool for detecting high risk fetus in low risk mothers. Theprobability of adverse outcome like meconium stained liquor, low APGAR score, NISU admission increaseswith abnormal non stress test.

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