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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Development of Quick Reference Manual for the Management of Drug Overdose and Poisoning Alan Tom1 , Mohammed Salih1 , N Venkateswaramurthy1 , R Sambathkumar1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13509

Abstract

Aim: To develop a reference manual for the management of drug overdose and poisoning.Methods: A prospective developmental study was performed for a span of six months at a tertiary carehospital in Erode. Information on the management of cases of drug overdose and poisoning was providedbased on queries received at the Drug Information Center and the poisoning cases identified in the respectivehospital over the past three years. Further attention was paid to detecting local poisons. Such informationwas collected on the basis of literature reviews, magazines and newspapers. In addition to drug and poisonmonographs; android applications, toxicological databases and links, standard reference books and articleson drug overdose and poisoning were included. Locally reported cases have been given more focus.Results: A formulary was prepared which includes the management information for 100 drugs and 57 toxicsubstances that were identified after extensive research. The signs and symptoms of the various poisoningcases were graded as mild, moderate and severe based on poison severity scale (PSS) and respective antidoteswere mentioned.Conclusion: As per our knowledge, this is the first formulary that focus on local poisons. The implementationof the formulary may have a significant impact on healthcare professionals to improve the quality of lifeof patients.This provides important information of localized poisoning and drug overdose in a nutshell andtherefore offers as a quick data to the enquirer.
Evaluation of immunoglobulins IgG, IgM, IgA and Complement Components C3 and C4 Levels in Iraqi full term Neonates with Severe Hyperbilirubinemia Ali Abdulateef Hassan Al-bayati 1 , Khitam Abdul-Wahhab Ali1 , Shaimaa Hamid Kareem Aljanabi2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13510

Abstract

Background and aim: Hyperbilirubinemia is an elevation of the bilirubin levels in blood of newborn babiesthat presented as jaundice. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of important of immunological systemproteins (IgG, IgM, IgA, C3 and C4) in both newborn babies with severe hyperbilirubinemia and healthycontrols.Methods: Thirty (30) full-term neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia (serum bilirubin >20 mg/dl) andtwenty five (25) healthy control full-term neonates were included in the study. Blood samples taken and Hb,total serum bilirubin, total protein measured immediately by spectrophotometer. IgG, IgM, IgA, C3 and C4measured by immune-nephelometric method.Results: In hyperbilirubinemia group (Male/ Female percentages) were (63% / 37%), (IgG 373.4±218 mg/dl),( IgM 20.5 ± 24.03 mg/dl), and (C3 209.4±17.81 mg/d)l values were significantly lower than controlgroup ( 588.2±298.5 mg/dl IgG, 26.44 ± 2.92 mg/dl IgM and 627.5±221.1 mg/dl for C3). Correlationanalysis revealed that in control group IgG, IgM, and C3 shown to be significantly (P value <0.05) andpositively correlated (r-value > 3) with both age and weight.Conclusions: jaundice is a risk factor for sepsis that could be due to lower levels of immunoglobulins andcomplements components. The normal development of immune system that observed with increasing ageand weight was impaired in patients with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
Aetiology and Findings of Recurrent Chronic Rhino Sinusitis with Nasal Polyposis after Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Ali Aziz Abed1 , Ragheed Turky Miteab2 , Ali Majid2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13511

Abstract

Background: Nasal polyps are the edematous sinonasal mucosa prolapsing into the nasal cavity. Allergy,asthma, aspirin intolerance and fungal rhinosinusitis have been implicated in various studies. Recurrenceof nasal polyposis after functional endoscopic sinus surgery is prevalent but there are no specific causes forrecurrence. Intensity of relapse varies depending on multiple factors that implicated in showing charactersand findings of the recurrence.Objective: To evaluate causes of nasal polyposis recurrence after FESS.Patients and method: 30 adult patients age between 18 and 60 years (with recurrent nasal polyposis afterFESS) were studied in the period between March 2017 and September 2018. Assessment done for allpatients by taking Medical history, documented data from the primary surgery, rhinoscopy with CT-scanexamination.Results: In this study, most of nasal polyp recurrence occur in 1-3 years after primary surgery, patients usingpost-operative steroid showed delay in recurrence, post-operative antibiotic showed no effect on time ofrecurrence,patients with (asthma, allergy, aspirin sensitivity and allergic fungal rhinosinusitis) showed highlund-kennedy and lund-mackay scores and some patients had anatomical findings mainly (40% incompleteanterior ethoidectomy).Conclusions: Recurrence of nasal polyposis could occur at any age mainly in middle age group and malegender showed higher prevalence. Asthma, aspirin sensitivity (Samter’s tried) and allergic fungal sinusitiswere the most important associated diseases. CT-scan showed some anatomical variations like incompleteanterior and posterior ethmoidectomy which occupying the highest percentages. Post-operative steroidshowed delay in time of recurrence.
Review: Cancer Cells Resistance Strategies Ali Faris Hassan1 , Nada Naji Al-Shawi 1, Mahmood Kahtan Salih1 , Pharmacsit Rusul Mohammed Hassan A
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13512

Abstract

Cancer, which is the most important health problem, develops the ability to resistant traditional medicationsthis leads to increase efforts to develop new cancer medication protocols. In this review, the chemotherapyresistance could be due to several mechanisms. These mechanisms involve either inactivation by twoimportant phases, phase I which involve oxidation, reduction and hydrolysis or phase II which involveconjugation wi, alteration of the target site which decrease either activation of anticancer prodrug and/ordecrease its influx to cancer cells. Other mechanisms for chemotherapy resistance return to the repairingof cancer cell DNA, modulation of efflux for drug, inactivation of apoptosis, besides how the role ofheterogeneity of tumor cells in drug resistance. All of these strategies obligated the oncologist to use acombination of chemotherapy medication to overcome or avoid resistances to treatments.
Efficacy of Hyaluronic Acid in Patients with Osteoarthritis of The Knee Ali Hasanain Alhamadani
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13513

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is the most common chronic degenerative joint disease characterized by pain,stiffness, swelling and progressive functional limitation in elderly. Non-surgical management modalitieslike physical therapy, lifestyle modification and oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, are oftenineffective or do not alleviate symptoms adequately. Intra-articular corticosteroid (CS) and hyaluronic acid(HA) injections have been used for long to alleviate the symptoms of knee OA. viscosupplementation hasbeen used as a therapeutic modality for the management of knee OA. The principle of viscosupplementationis based on the physiological properties of the hyaluronic acid (HA) in the synovial joint which helps tissuelubricate, cushion and reduce pain in the joint.Study diagnosed forty patient of knee Osteoarthritis for both gender with age (45-70 years) and observedchange and effectiveness to pre-and post of HA injection, All patients diagnosed by Orthopedists andRheumatologists whose used X-rays were graded as stage I, II and III according to Kellgren and Lawrencescale.All the measurements were used at the time of enrollment in the study before any injection and then measuredagain at the end of three months by using Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC) .All the patients before therapy were having minimum score of 72.4 & 9.045 for Mean and Standard Deviationrespectively while after the therapy there score reduced to 36.2 & 4.783.The results show improvement significant during four month under study and the effect peaks at around8–12 weeks following administration, This supports the potential use of intra-articular HA as an effectivelong therapeutic option for patients with OA of the knee.
Changes in Interleukins and Follicle Stimulating Hormone in Toxoplasmosis Male Patients Alia Salim Altemeemi1 , Noor Kareem Kadhim2 , Ghufran Saad Nsaif3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13514

Abstract

In several countries there are endemic of parasitic diseases, specifically in developing countries, severalstudies investigated that toxoplasmosis is related with sterility of male. Aims of study are assessment of antiToxoplasma IgG antibodies in patient’s serum and their relation with interleukins and FSH hormone. IL-6stimulates antibody production and extend effect of proinflammatory by stimulating the production of acutephase proteins. IL-10 and IL-12 control the immune response type. Cytokine synthesis is inhibits by theformer and by blocking the IL-6 and TNF-? production, the response with involvement of Th2 and activationof B cells has an advantage. Detection for the toxoplasmosis which is based on toxo IgG , interleukins andFSH used the classic ELISA technique that based on immunoassay system using fluorescence technologyand antigen antibody interaction. They were found in 1 (3.03%) of azoospermic patients and 4(12.12%)of oligozoospermic patients, while the negative results found in 32(96.97%) of azoospermic patients and29(87.88%) of oligozoospermic patients. The control group had 34(100%) negative results in toxoplasmosis.The mean serum levels of IL-6 and IL-17 (pg / ml) increased significantly in patients with Toxoplasma gondiicompared to the control group (237.97±9.09 pg / ml 285.52±12.45and pg / ml, respectively; p<0.0001) . Inthis study, it has been concluded that infection with T. gondii can effect on the level of the interleukins andFSH in infertile couples.
Evaluation of the Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance System of Polio Free in East Java, Indonesia, 2019 Alya Hanifa Rasyidi1 , Anik Suroiyah2 , Laura Navika Yamani3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13515

Abstract

Background: Proving that the wild polio virus no longer exists in Indonesia, the symptoms must be found thatresemble polio. These symptoms are found in patients with AFP (Acute Flaccid Paralysis). AFP surveillanceis an observation made of all cases of acute paralysis or AFP in children aged <15 years who are vulnerableto polio. The priority problem that is still found in the East Java Provincial Health Office regarding AFPsurveillance is the reduction in the discovery of non-polio AFP cases and adequate specimens.Aims: The purpose of this study was to analyze the implementation of AFP surveillance activities in the EastJava Province Health Office in 2019.Methods: Data collection was carried out by primary and secondary to study the AFP surveillance overview.Primary data were obtained from in depth interviews with AFP surveillance program holders in East JavaProvincial Health Office. Secondary data is processed using Microsoft Office Excel, Epi Info and QuantumGIS.Results: The result is in 2019 the rate of non-polio AFP and the percentage of adequate specimens in EastJava Province has under the target. In 2019 there was a decrease compared to the previous year, the nonpolio AFP rate was 1.64 and the percentage of adequate specimens was 56.2%. Only as many as six districts/ cities in East Java Province had pass these two indicators.Conclusion: The lack of visits and reports from both the hospital and the community is one of causativefactor. Intensive and routine AFP surveillance is needed to monitor the emergence of polio cases
E-Cigarette Vaping and Periodontium: A Systematic Review Ameer A. Altabatabaie1 , Ahmed A. Alquzweeni2 , Hussein A. Alnajar3 , Raya Ali Dalol4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13516

Abstract

Conventional cigarettes have shown severe toxicity on immune cells and wound healing in the periodontium,but little is known about the comparative effects of vaping or electronic cigarettes. If current conventionalcigarette users are to transition to a less detrimental alternative, the evidence must demonstrate if electronicnicotine delivery systems can be deemed safer than conventional options. The intent of this literature is tosummarize the evidences on the effect of E-cigarette on the periodontal health.The main sources of evidence for this report included: a comprehensive report from National Academies ofSciences, Engineering, and Medicine, reviews published in the past 10 years.As a conclusion, further investigation and studies are needed to evidence the effect of new smoking methodson the oral health of newly users and on the shifted persons who was previously tobacco smokers.
Relationship Between Spermatid Specific Thioredoxin-3 Protein and Antisperm Antibody in Patients with Varicocele Compared with a Control Group Ameer Ali Imarah1 , Waleed A.H.2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13517

Abstract

The spermatogenesis process are very complex and involves many process to lead to give normal sperm, these sperms a very important to fertility in the men). Protein in the male fertility that is very importantwhich give the significant job in fertilization. The infertile varicocele patient grade 1,2 and 3 (n= 25 , 25and 25 respectively) compare with control patient (n=15). The present study Shown spermatid – specificthioredoxin 3 level a significant increase in varicocele patient grade 1,2 and 3 compare with control group(mean± Std. Error 17.97± 0.8 & 22.92±0.75 Respectively) .Also in Antisperm antibody a significant increasein varicocele patient grade 1,2 and 3 compare with control group (mean± Std. Error 73.85±2.71 & 45.6±1.44Respectively ). Consecutive (r= -0. 840, r = -0. 745 and r = -0. 475). Also theirs a negative correlationbetween Antisperm antibody level and the sperms concentration , Sperm Progressive motility percent andsperm normal morphology present in varicocele patient grade 1,2 and 3 Consecutive (r= -0.443 , r = -0.370and r = -0.384 ) .The result show a positive correlation was found between Spermatid specific thioredoxin-3 protein leveland antisperm antibody level in varicocele patients .(The present study conclude that a negative function ofSpermatid specific thioredoxin-3 protein and antisperm antibody which that appears on sperm function andsperm parameters , The study showed that spermatid specific thioredoxin-3 protein and antisperm antibodyhas a harmful effect with the time) .
Tuberculosiss Arthritis: A Case Report Anak Agung Gede Ocha Rama Kharisma Putra1 , Ni Wayan Candrawati2 , Ida Bagus Ngurah Rai2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13518

Abstract

Tuberculosis Arthritis of the knee joint is rare. A 25-year old female patient presented with pain andswelling of her left knee. The symptoms first appeared two months earlier; she was given glucocorticoidafter diagnosed with Rheumatoid Arthritis. The patient did not improve with the treatment. The patient wasdiagnosed with tuberculosis arthritis according to biopsy and PCR TB result. Biopsy excision of the left kneefound granulomatous appearance, which is consistent with tuberculosis, PCR TB examination also found apositive effect. Antituberculosis treatment was started and will be continued for nine months. Tuberculosisarthritis frequently mimics more common etiologies and can be difficult to diagnose. Tuberculosis arthritismay be suspected in a chronic case of joint pain, usually monoarticular, although pulmonary TB may absent.

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