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Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
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Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Association of Pure Tone Audiometry with DPOAE in Students after Shooting Practice at East Java State Police Academy, Mojokerto, Indonesia Mochammad Ridwan Indiyana1 , H.M.S. Wiyadi2 , Artono3 , Nyilo Purnami4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13593

Abstract

Objective: Analyzing the association between pure tone audiometry and distortion of otoacoustic emission(DPOAE) in students after shooting practice.Methods: This study was conducted at the East Java State Police Academy, Mojokerto, Indonesia, fromAugust 2018 to January 2019. Participants were examined for pure tone audiometry and DPOAE two weeksafter shooting training. Participants previously had undergone shooting training for 5 months, with scheduleof 4 times per week. The statistical test used an independent t test or Mann Whitney test with p < 0.05.Results: All participants were men, with an average pure tone audiometry value of 27.50 ± 10.43 dB. Theresults of pure tone audiometry examination found that most participants had normal hearing (58.00%). Thisfinding was inversely proportional to the results of DPOAE examination, in which most participants had“Refer” (78.00%). The mean pure tone audiometry value on participants with DPOAE “Refer” was 20.36 ±3.47 dB and DPOAE “Pass” was 29.51 ± 10.87 dB (p = 0.008). Most participants had “Refer” DPOAE withnormal pure tone audiometry as much as 36.00%, followed by participants with “Refer” DPOAE but mildhearing loss of pure tone audiometry as much as 24.00% (p = 0.002).Conclusion: There is a significant association between pure tone audiometry with DPOAE. Many participantshave normal audiometry but “Refer” DPOAE, and followed by participants experiencing mild hearing losswith “Refer” DPOAE.
Pharmaceutical Mini-Tablets Overview Mohammad F. Bayan1 , Hala M. Sbaih1 and Mohamed J. Saadh2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13594

Abstract

Oral dosage forms are considered as the most preferred dosage forms to various age groups of patients.However, conventional solid dosage forms (tablets and capsules) have been associated with some issues;such fluctuation in the plasma drug concentration and swallowing difficulty for some patients. This advocatesthe need for the continuous development and improvement of tablets and capsule to enhance therapeuticefficacy and increase patient acceptance. Mini tablets technology has been developed to minimize theseproblems. It aims to facilitate oral administration with minimal swallowing difficulty (especially inpediatrics and geriatrics) and deliver a therapeutic agent, selectively and effectively, to be targeted in acertain position in the body. The most benefit of this technique is the ease of production with facilitatedcontrol of stability problems. The size and shape uniformity, with smooth surface area, make minitabletsattractive to be incorporated with different medications for the efficient treatment of chronic diseases. Thisoverview outlines properties, production requirements, formulation options and evaluation methods of minitablets.
Relationship Between High Sensitivity TNF-? WITH clinical outcome During Admission In Acute Ischemic Stroke Mohammad Saiful Ardhi1 , Mohammad Saiful Islam1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13595

Abstract

Background : Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?), together with other pro-inflammatory cytokines suchas Interleukin-1b (IL-1b), IL- 6 and IL-8, play a role in the ischemic injury of the central nervous system.TNF-? has adverse effects on ischemic brain tissue. The mechanism generated is a multicomplex process. Inother studies, an increase in TNF-? can actually have neuroprotective effects. This study aims to determinethe relation between the levels of the High Sensitivity TNF-? with clinical outcome in acute ischemic stroke.Method : Thirty patients with acute ischemic stroke patients who admitted in Dr. Soetomo hospital Surabayaduring the period December 2011 to February 2012. 2 cc of vein blood for examination High sensitivityTNF-? was drawn during admission from acute ischemic stroke. Clinical outcome in acute stroke wasmeasured by NIHSS score.Results: From 30 research samples, the mean age of patients was 59.53 ± 11.51 years. The mean HighSensitivity TNF-? level in the study subjects was 2 ± 0.99 pg / ml. NIHSS examination showed the medianvalue of the NIHSS was 5 with a range of 2-19. There is a correlation but not statistically significant withthe strength is very weak between High Sensitivity TNF-? with the NIHSS in patients with acute thromboticstroke (r = 0.100 and p = 0.600).Conclusion: There is relationship between serum levels of High sensitivity TNF-? with clinical outcome inacute ischemic stroke patients.
Study the effect of purified alginate from Pseudomonas aeruginosa on Hep G2 and A549 cell lines. Mohammed S. Ismaieel1 , Muthanna Hamid Hassan2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13596

Abstract

Alginate was extracted from highest alginate producer of P. aeruginosa 29 isolate, it was determined bybiochemical method (Carbazole-borate assay) and molecular method (PCR), where the amplified algD genesamples showed that clear bands at one level for all the produced isolates and molecular weight were 313 onthe leader scale. partially purified of alginate using gel filtration chromatography (Sephadex G-200) showedthe present of single peak and initial alginate fraction at 17 to last fraction 28 of alginate concentration ,where the highest alginate concentration was at fraction 23 . The cytotoxic effect of different concentrationsof purified alginate on cancer cells (HePG2 , A549 ) and normal cells WRL68 was tested. The result ofhalf-maximal inhibition concentration (IC 50) values of purified alginate treated WRL68 and HepG2 cellsafter 24,48,72 hours of incubation at 37º C were ( 187.8 , 62.0, 83.07) ?g /ml , (102.3, 42.5, 61.03) ?g/mlas respectively. While, the IC50 of purified alginate treated WRL68 and A549 cells after 24,48,72 hours ofincubation at 37ºC were ( 126.2, 63.57, 90.31 ) ?g /ml , (117.8, 57.06, 65.7) ?g /ml as respectively.
Efficacy and Safety of Sacral Neuromodulation in Treatment of Refractory Overactive Bladder Mohammed Bassil Ismail1 , Wameedh Qays Abdullhussein2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13597

Abstract

Background: Overactive bladder syndrome is a urinary disorder that occurs more frequently in women andolder people and is characterized by feeling an urge to urinate (sudden urge to urinate, with the feeling thatyou cannot get to the bathroom in time), doing it many times throughout the day (more than six) or havingepisodes of urinary incontinence (involuntary loss of urine) and nocturia (waking up several times duringthe night to urinate). In addition, other secondary symptoms may also occur, such as headache, dry mouth orblurred vision, among others. It is a problem that has a clear impact on the quality of life of those who sufferit and that can lead them to significantly reduce their social activity and negatively condition their work.Overactive bladder (OAB) is defined as urinary urgency with or without urgency urinary incontinence,nocturia, and/or frequency in the absence of UTI or other obvious pathology. Sacral neuromodulation is anewer surgical therapy for refractory OAB.Aim of Study: Is to assess the sacral neuromodulation (SN) safety and efficacy in refractory overactivebladder patients.Patients and Methods: In the period from November 2015 to May 2017. the unit of neurogenic bladderand neuromodulation in (Gazi Al_Harriry) surgical specialty hospital, medical city complex 27 patient agedfrom (17—55) year old were complaining from refractory overactive bladder. All the 27 patients underwentstage1 & stage2 SNS devices implantation.Results: Patients of urgency incontinence (group1) demonstrated that the number of leak was significantlyreduced (p=0.01) after implantation of SN, (11.6_2.7) leak/day pre& post SN, numbers of pads (6.9 _ 0.8)pad/day pre&post SN. Patients with urgency frequency (group 2), numbers of voids/day pre & post SNimplantation decreased significantly (p=0.01) (14.7 _ 6) voids /day. The voided volume increased significantly(p=0.02) from (136.4 _ 371.8) ml/void. The urgency episodes were decreased significantly (p=0.01) from(6.4 _ 2.1) episode/day. The complications occurred in 5 patients (18.5%). Two patients (7.4%) developedpain after trauma to the back, lead migration, lack of efficacy of device, treated by reprogramming thedevice, one patient (3.7%) get infection at the site of device implantation, SN was removed , there was onefemale patient (3.7%) got pregnancy and devise was deactivated. One patient (3.7%) complaining from painand discomfort at the device site was treated conservatively.Conclusion: Sacral neuromodulation is FDA approved as option for treatment of refractory OAB. There isexpanding of utilizing of SN in the past two decades. According to multiple studies in addition to our studyresults. The sacral neuromodulation is safe and efficacious treatment option for refractory OAB.
Retinoic Acid Treatment of Human Hematological Malignancies Induces Caspase Dependent and Independent Apoptotic Cell Death Mohammed S. Mohammed1 , Maha Fakhry Altaee2 , Ahmed Majeed Al-Shammari3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13598

Abstract

The unprejudiced of this education is to gauge the ability of the retinoic acid to induce apoptotic cell deathin hematological tumors through caspase dependent or independent apoptotic pathway, The cytotoxicityeffects of retinoic acid of different concentrations (400,350,300,250,200,150,100,50,25,12.5 µg\ml) andexposure for all hematological malignancy cell lines (Human non-Hodgkin lymphoma SR and humanmultiple myeloma (COLO 677) and Human Monocytic Leukemia THP1 and Acute promyelocytic leukemiaNB4) have been determined using a microtetrazolium (MTT) assay. Propodeum iodide and alcidine orange(AO/PI) paired discoloration was used to study the ability of retinoic acid to induce apoptosis in the infectedcells and examined under fluorescence microscope and quantified for the percentage of apoptosis induction.Quantitative immunocytochemistry assay was used to study the caspase dependent and independentproteins expression in infected and control cells. Cells treated with Retinoic Acid showed increased celldeath percentage compared to the untreated cells as quantified by MTT assay. AO/PI results revealed thatRetinoic Acid had powerful effect on inducing apoptosis significantly (p<0.001) in human cancer cell linestested, compared to control cell. Immunocytochemistry in Retinoic Acid infected human hematological celllines revealed remarkable increase in expression of caspase 8,9 (dependent pathway) and AIF, ENDOG(independent pathway) induces a significant (p<0.002) as compared untreated cell.This study, which shows the role of the Retinoic Acid in inducing apoptosis through a dependent andindependent pathway in cancer cells, we anticipation these annotations will shanty light on the impendingexploration of retinoic acid in cancer hindrance and rehabilitation
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma in the Parotid Gland Similar to Benign Lymphoepithelial Lesion: A Case Indonesian Male Muhammad Arif Sudianto Utama1 , Widodo Ario Kentjono2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13599

Abstract

Background: Primary parotid non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is a very rare case. Case presentation: A66-year-old Indonesian male with a complaint of a lump in front of the right ear about 1 year with a history ofpostoperative primary parotid NHL 3 years ago. Patients underwent Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB)examination, showing a distribution of lymphoid cells with a diverse population (benign lymphoepitheliallesion / BLL) different from the results of FNAB 3 years ago. The patient underwent a right superficialparotidectomy, and the results of the histopathological examination revealed mature lymphocyte cells mixedwith histiocytes, forming foci of the follicle in part with an active germinal center. Conclusion: NHL reportsare necessary to minimize misdiagnosis between primary parotid NHL and BLL.
The Influence of the GETAR Spiritual Approach on Smoking Behavior of Junior High School Students in Palu City, Indonesia Muhammad Ryman Napirah1 , Ridwan Amiruddin2 , Sukri Palutturi3 , Stang4 , Aminuddin Syam5 , Darmawan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13600

Abstract

Smoking cases at the age of children less than 18 years will have a very fatal impact because consideringthe age of the child who is still growing. GETAR (Movement without Smoking) spiritual approach usesthe concept of religion, which in this case is exemplified by Islam by helping individuals to find theirnature. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of the GETAR spiritual approach on smokingbehavior of junior high school students in Palu City, Indonesia. This type of research is a quasy experiment.The sample consisted of 35 smokers in grade 7, 8, and 9 at SMPN 1 Palu as an intervention group, withsaturated sampling technique, as a control group, and 35 students in grade 7, 8, and 9 at SMPN 4 Palu.The data were analysis with paired sample t test and independent sample t test. This study showed thatthere are differences in knowledge (p = 0,000), attitudes (p = 0,000), and actions (p = 0,000) students ofSMPN 1 Palu about smoking before and after GETAR spiritual intervention. And there are differences inthe knowledge (p = 0,000), attitudes (p = 0.020), and actions (p = 0,000) between students who were givenGETAR spiritual intervention (students of SMPN 1 Palu) and those who were not given GETAR spiritualintervention (students of SMPN 4 Palu). It concludes that there is a difference in the knowledge, attitudes,and actions of SMPN 1 Palu students about smoking before and after the spiritual intervention of GETAR.And there is a difference in the knowledge, attitudes, and actions of students between those who were giventhe spiritual intervention of GETAR (students of SMPN 1 Palu) and those who were not given the spiritualintervention of GETAR (students of SMPN 4 Palu).
Teaching-Learning Styles & Aids Student’s Preferences among first Year Undergraduate Medical Students in the College of Medicine, University of Missan, Iraq Mustafa M. Al-Yassiry1 , Farah K. Aloraibi2 , Haider Saadoon Qasim Alhilfi3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13601

Abstract

Objectives: to collect feedback from first year medical students on their perceptions and preferences ofdifferent teaching, learning, and aids methods that are currently used in medical chemistry teaching course.The aim of our study was to compare the more acceptable teaching & aids methods among the first stagemedical students, Missan Medical College. So that best teaching aid and method can be adopted to improvetheir academic performanceMaterials and Methods: a well-structured electronic questionnaire based study was carried out onundergraduate medical students at department of clinical biochemistry, medical college, Missan University,Missan province, Iraq in second semester of academic year 2020-2021. 197 students participated out of 204total, giving 97% response rate, the questionnaire was properly explained. The students were asked to gradeteaching, learning, and aids methods that were used to teach Medical Chemistry module. The responses wasanalysed according to the Likert scale to detect their preferences and favourites toward the statements in thequestionnaire.Results: In our study many items with high satisfaction and least preferences grades was noticed forcombination of teaching, learning, and aids methods. The majority (76%) of the students like the subjectof medical chemistry. Exams preparation techniques, practical exercise lectures, various teaching aidsand other methods have been found excellent and very good methods by the majority of the students. Foreffective teaching of medical chemistry, students opinions and preferences were suggesting a clear mandatein different issues such as usefulness of more preparations techniques for main exams, using more than oneteaching aids (white board + power point presentation) in the lecture. By understanding students perceptions,teaching learning precesses in medical chemistry can be improved 1.
The Exposure of Gap Competence causes in Stunting Children Ages 0-12 Months in Makassar Indonesia: Cross-Sectional Study Mustamin1 , Sirajuddin2 , Mahmud3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13602

Abstract

Introduction, The parenting gap is believed to be one of the variables that influence stunting. The Objectivesof this study to identify gaps in care (feeding practices, care, hygiene, and treatment of children) andincidence of stunting. Method this study is a cross-sectional, conducted in March-June 2020 in Makassar CityIndonesia. The sample size was 82 people, of children aged 0-12 months. The data collectors are alumni ofapplied nutrition and dietetics degrees, trained for 2 days in health protocol, interviews, and anthropometry.The instrument in this study was developed from the UNICEF. The result, found that mothers and fathersgraduated from high school, 43% and 59.8%, respectively. The work of mothers as housewives is 84.1% andfathers are private employees as much as 36.6%. The parenting competency gap in the feeding practice ofchildren aged 0-6 months, 7-9 months, and 10-12 months is 20.9%, 71.79%, and 92.31%, respectively. Theresults of statistical analysis showed that there was an effect of parenting competency gaps on stunting (p= 0.000). The conclusion is that the parenting competency gap is proven to affect the incidence of stunting.The suggestion is that it is necessary to increase the capacity of mothers in child care practices/

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