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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Combined Effect of Physical and Psychological Stress Exposure during Pregnancy on the Expression of Caspase-3 Cerebrum and Cerebellum of Newborn Mus musculus Binta Dwi Novitasari; Hermanto Tri Joewono; Widjiati
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16751

Abstract

Background: Prenatal stress affects fetal development including brain development. When a stressor isfelt, the brain as the main target for stress will release a hormone that stimulates the release of pro-apoptoticproteins and activate caspase-3 which acts as an executioner caspase in the cell death process. The aim of thestudy was to analyze the effect of combined stress during pregnancy on the expression of caspase-3 cerebrumand cerebellum of newborn Mus musculus. Methods: An experimental study using 24 pregnant mice (Musmusculus). Subjects were randomized into four groups, consisting of physical stress exposure group (forcedswimming) (G1), psychological stress exposure group (noise) (G2), combination stress exposure group(forced swimming + noise) (G3), and control group (G4). Stress exposure was given on 6th-15th days ofpregnancy. From each mother, three Newborn of Mus musculus were taken to make preparations from braintissue. Immunohistochemical examination was performed to assess caspase-3 expression. Results: Thestudy shows that the mean and standard deviation of the expression of caspase-3 cerebrum and cerebellumin the physical stress exposure group is 5.70 ± 0.99 and 5.80 ± 1.35, the psychological stress exposure groupis 7.23 ± 1.39 and 7.40 ± 1.24, the combined stress exposure group is 8.67 ± 1.09 and 9.30 ± 1.12, and thecontrol group 4.17 ± 1.18 and 3.90 ± 1.06. ANOVAs statistical test results show significant differencesamong groups with a value of p = 0.000 in the cerebrum and p = 0.000 in the cerebellum. Conclusion:Exposure to physical and psychological stress during pregnancy increases the expression of caspase-3 in thecerebrum and cerebellum of newborn mice.
Correlation between Cryptosporidium parvum and Helicobacter Pylori Infections in Gastrointestinal Patients at Wasit Province Abdulsada A. Rahi; Safa A. Fadhil
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16752

Abstract

The present study aimed to identify the relationship between Cryptosporidium parvum parasite andHelicobacter pylori in patients at Wasit province and its environs. One hundred stool samples were collected(male and female) from suspected diarrheal patients of parasitic and bacterial infection during the periodOctober 2020 to April 2021 who attended to Al-Karamah Teaching Hospital at Wasit province and GeneralHospital of Martyr Fairuz at Hay district.The investigation of the oocysts of the Cryptosporidium parvum parasite was carried out by staining withModified Ziehl Neelson method and also detecting of Helicobacter pylori by using dipstick. The results ofour study revealed that 55( 55%) was positive for C. parvum and 48 (48%) was positive for Helicobacterpylori and the co- infections between the parasite and bacteria reached to 32( 32%). The age group(1-20years) showed the highest11 (11%) prevalence rate while the lowest prevalence was in patient with agegroup (21-40 years) reached to 6(6%) interplay infections between the parasite and bacteria .
Relationship between Cryptosporidium parvum in Water And Diarrheal Infections at Wasit Province Abdulsada A. Rahi; Safa K. Alwan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16753

Abstract

The present study aimed to identify the relationship between Cryptosporidium parvum in water and diarrhealinfections at Wasit province. One hundred stool samples were collected (male and female) from suspecteddiarrheal patients of parasitic infection who attended to Al-kut hospital and Al-karamah teaching hospitalat Wasit province and fifty water samples were collected from different points at Dijlah river; Householdwater supply and Kut Liquid water during the period from October 2020 to April 2021.The investigation ofoocysts of the Cryptosporidium parvum parasite carried out by staining with modified Ziel Neelson method.The results of our study revealed that 60(60%) was positive for C.paravum. The age group (1-5) monthsshowed the highest 12(12%) prevalence rate while the lowest prevalence was in patient with age group(>20) months reached to 1(1%).
Detection of Cyclospora cayetanensis by PCR in Wasit Province, Iraq Abdulsada A. Rahi; Israa N. Abed Al-Saadi; Yoosra N. Abed Al-Saadi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16754

Abstract

The present study aimed to detect the Cyclospora cayetanensis among patients that attended in Al-karamaTeaching Hospital and General Hospital of Martyr Fairuz in Wasit City. The sample were collected fromOctober 2015 to April 2016. Thirty stool samples were collected from patients that suffering from diarrhea,their aged between 1 year to 50 years old from both genders who attended the hospitals at Wasit province.Data was collected using a questionnaire form including information about gender, age, location. Stoolsamples were examined by PCR technique to detect the presence of Cyclospora cayetanensis. The resultshowed that 8 of 30 (26.7%) samples were positive while 22 of 30 (73.3%) were negative. Our study isconsidered as a first study that detect the Cyclospora cayetanensis in Wasit province, Iraq. This study wasaimed to determine the prevalence of C. cayetanensis in Wasit Province, Iraq.
Epidemiological Study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Wasit Province Abdulsada A. Rahi; Zainab K. Hashim; Ali Mohsin Al-Jamea
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16755

Abstract

The present study was conducted to detect the cutaneous Leishmaniasis from a total of suspected casesthat were collected from dermatology center of AL-Karamah Teaching Hospital in Al-Kut city from 1stOctober 2019 to the end of February 2020. Totally 60 patients were included 36 males and 24 females. Thecollected skin specimens were smeared and stained with Giemsa stain, then examined by microscope underoil immersion lenses. The results of current study appeared that 56(93.3%) were positive amastigotes, Theprevalence of CL were 36 (60%) in males and 24(40%) in females, while the highest infection 36(60%)in rural area and lowest 24(40%) in urban area. The percent of infection with Cutaneous leishmaniasisaccording to type of lesions recorded were equal in dry and wet ulcers type (50 % ) for each one.
Co-infection between Entamoeba histolytica and Helicobacter Pylori in Patients at Wasit Province Abdulsada A. Rahi; Sima’a H. Mohammed; Magda A. Ali
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16756

Abstract

The current study was conducted at Wasit province, Iraq during the period from 28 October 2020 to28 December 2020. The study included one hundred stool samples taken from questionable patients ofEntamoeba histolytica and Helicobacter pylori. Samples were collected from patient attended to GeneralHospital of Martyr Fairuz at Hay district , Saeed Health center and Hospital of Al-Kut. All samples havebeen checked using direct smear lugol’s iodine stain for Entamoeba histolytica and dipstick for Helicobacterpylori. The result showed that 40 samples (40%) out of 100 patients were gave positive by rapid test cassette;females 23 (23%) positive samples and males 17(17%). While 14 samples (14%)out of 100 samples werepositive for Entamoeba histolytica. The highest infection in females 8(8%) and the lowest in males 6(6%).The result showed 10 samples (10%) out of 100 patients positive for both E. histolytica and H. pylori. Thehighest infection was recorded in females 6(6%) and the lowest in males 4(4%).The highest infection of H.pylori in age group (39 and more) years ; females recorded 6(6%) and malesrecorded 6(6%), while the lowest infection in group (>1) years old ; females recorded 1(1%) and malesrecorded 1(1%). The infection rate of Entamoeba histolytica was highest in age group (1-13) years old ;females was recorded 1(1%) and males was recorded 4(4%) , while the lowest in age group (26-39) years old; females recorded 1(1%) while males without infection. Infection with both E.histolytica and H.pylori wasrecorded the highest in group (39 and more) years old ; females was recorded 3(3%) and males was recorded2(2%) while the group (>1) years old do not recorded infections.
Identification of Cryptosporidium parvum in Stool Specimen Using Different Diagnostic Methods in Wasit Province/Iraq Abdulsada A. Rahi; Salam M. Khlaif
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16757

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the presence and prevalence of Cryptosporidium amongimmunocompromised patients in Wasit Hospitals and health centers to determine the best method for itsdiagnosis. The study started from the 1st of August to the end of November 2020. One hundred forty stoolsamples were collected from immunocompromised patients from both genders who attended the hospitaland health centers at Wasit province. Stool samples were inspected by modified acid-fast stain as a standardmethod, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Molecular Nested PCR method. Modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique revealed 46 (33%) positive cases for Cryptosporidium oocysts, of 85 males and 55 females,highly significant relationship was found between the genders and between different age groups of infectionwith a highly significant difference between rural and urban area. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium was57.14% using nested PCR and 38.46% for ELISA in comparison with MZN method. It is concluded thatcryptosporidiosis found to be endemic in Wasit Province for the first time and the nested PCR was the mostreliable technique for its diagnosis.
Comparison between Microscopic Identification and Nested PCR for Detection of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis at Wasit Province Abdulsada A. Rahi; Zainab K. Hashim; Ali Mohsin Al-Jamea
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16758

Abstract

Cutaneous leishmaniosis in Iraq has 2 forms, zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL), which is mainlycaused by Leishmania major, and anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL), which is mainly causedby Leishmania tropica . Twenty skin samples were taken from suspected patients with CL and checked forLeishmania amastigote, during the period from October 2019 to February 2020 in Al-Karamah teachinghospital of Kut city, Iraq. The highest infection 100% using Giemsa- smeared and 75% using Nested PCRmethods. Totally 20 patients aged from (1- <40) years old were included in current study.The prevalenceof CL were in males 9(45) and 11(55) in females and high prevalence in age groups (>20) years old. Thecurrent study 12(60%) were brought on Leishmania major and 4(20%) Leishmania tropica using NestedPCR method . In present study the direct smear could be considered a good test for testing the cutaneousLeishmaniasis but Nested PCR assay was more touchy than parasitological technique in diagnosis ofLeishmania species in skin lesions. L.major is the main species responsible of cutaneous leishmaniasis inareas of Wasit Province.
A Comparison of use of Microscopic Examination and PCR for Detection of Entamoeba Histolytica at Wasit Province Magda A. Ali
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16759

Abstract

A microscopic examination of multiple feces samples of 100 suspected patients with Entamoeba histolyticainfection who suffered from diarrhea was attended to Al-Karamah Teaching hospital at Wasit Province fromJanuary 2020 to March 2020. The feces samples were collected into twoParts; first of direct wet film preparation were done for each sample using normal saline 0.9 % for detectingthe motility of trophozoites and Lugol’s iodine 5% for demonstrating structures and cyst. The 2nd part waskept in freeze (-20C) until used in PCR method .The current study recorded that the overall prevalence rate of Entamoeba histolytica 80(80%) by microscopicexamination and 88(88%) by PCR methods. The prevalence of E. histolytica was higher among families wholive in rural areas 44(55%) than those in urban areas 36(45%) and in males 49(61.3%) more than females31(38.7%). The highest infection rate 37(46.3) was recorded in age group (21-40) years old. The presentstudy was aimed to compare between the microscopic examination and PCR methods in the diagnosis of E.histolytica in human clinical samples.We concluded our results that using PCR technique was more accurate and sensitive (88%) than microscopicexamination method (80%).
Correlation between Interleukin(IL-6) and Procalcitonin (PCT) Level among Diarrheal Children Nihad Khalawe Tektook; Ahmed Salim Hadi Al-Khafaji
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16760

Abstract

This study was conducted his study was conducted in Baghdad for the period from December 1, 2019to June 3, 2020 for determination of the level of elevation of interleukin-6 and procalcitonin in childrenwith acute diarrhea, I was included 50 children suffering from diarrhea and 50 children without any otherdisease, where the ages of children in both groups ranged from one month to five years. The study includedcollecting information from children in both groups, including gender, age, living situation, number offamily members, standard of living and social as well as the number of family members, number of roomsin the house. Amount of 5 ml of blood samples were collected from all the children included in this study,where the blood samples were separated by the centrifuge device and the serum samples were separatedfrom them and kept in the refrigerator until the tests for detecting the level of Interleukin 6 and procalcitoninusing ELISA technique. In this study, 76 % of diarrheal children were suffered from abdominal pain, 68%with dehydration, 58% of fever, 46% had vomiting.The presented study found that, 78% of families withdiarrheal children were lived in crowed houses, 73% didn’t wash vegetables before eat, 69% haven’t wahhands, 66 used tap water for drinking.In this study, IL-16 was observed in elevated mean in diarrheal children(19.66±2.19 ng/ml), when it compared with the control healthy children (4.27±1.46 ng/ml) (P<0.001).In thisstudy, procalcitonin was also observed in elevated mean in diarrheal children (42.17±9.28 ng/ml), whenit compared with the control healthy children (28.19±8.27 ng/ml) (P<0.001).The study showed that themaximum means of PCT and IL-6 in diarrheal children were observed in those with fever, followed byabdominal pain. The study revealed a significant positive correlation between IL-6 and PCT level amongdiarrheal children.Conclusions:The study showed a significant relation of PCT and IL-6 with diarrhea..

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