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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Effects of Medical Hand Washing on Hand Flora among Staff Nurses Kabita Dhami; Padmapriya S; Sasi Kumar S
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16925

Abstract

Background: One of the leading causes of hospital associated infection is providing patient care withcontaminated hands as a result of transmission of microorganism from health care provider to patientsand others. Hand washing is the most important and simple act of reducing the spread of transmission ofinfectious agent and reducing hand flora. Materials and Methods: The study was done to evaluate theeffects of medical hand washing on hand flora among staff nurses working in a selected hospital, Bengaluru.One group time series design was used. Swabs were taken from a randomly selected sample of 25 nursesworking in medical ward for hand flora analysis. Results: Study results revealed that before hand washingthere were many colonies of hand flora were found. After medical hand washing there was a significantreduction in the number of colonies of the hand floras between the pre-test mean (O1= 10.02) and post-testsmean (O2= 4.23, O3 = 4.02 and O4 = 2.36) and was found to be statistically significant at H= 83.288 andP value = 0.001. Conclusion: Medical hand washing is an effective technique to reducing the hand floraamong the staff nurses working in the different medical wards of hospital.
Effect of Helichrysum Oil on Toothache Kamalli.M; Gayatri Devi R; Jothi Priya.A; Saravana Kumar.S
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16927

Abstract

Introduction: Toothache is the pain or inflammation in the tooth. A symptom of toothache includessensitivity, gum bleeding, cavities etc. Toothache can occur due to improper an dental care and oral hygienepractice which is one of the commonest reasons. The genus Helichrysum consists of about 600 specieswhich are flowering in the family of sunflower. The other names are Italian strawflower and Immortelle.It grows on dry, rocky and sandy regions in the Mediterranean. It has anti-inflammatory, antispasmodicand analgesic properties. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of helichrysum oil on toothache.Materials and Methods: The sample size of the study was 15 individuals with toothache who visited thedental clinics. Participants having periodontal problems, cardiovascular problems were excluded from thestudy. To every 2 drops of helichrysum oil, 1 ml of coconut oil was added. The intensity of the pain wasmeasured by using the pain scale. The participants were given to apply it on the gingival area of the painfultooth. The patients were followed to know the intensity of pain after a few hours. The results were tabulatedand then statistically analysed. Results and Discussion: 27% of the participants have moderate pain after afew hours of application of oil. 26% of them have less pain. 13% of participants have very little pain. 27%of them do not feel any change in the intensity of pain. 7% have high pain. Conclusion: From this studyit was evident that helichrysum oil had an effect in reducing the tooth ache as helichrysum possess antiinflammatoryproperties.
Disorders of Kidney Function in Chronic Heart Failure Kamilova Umida; Abdullaeva Charos; Atakhodjaeva Gulchehra; Beknazarova Saida; Masharipova Dilyafruz; Ikramova Feruza
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16928

Abstract

The formation of cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) is a naturalmanifestation of a functionally interrelated process at the organ level. Moreover, impaired renal function is acommon and independent factor in the progression of the disease, a high incidence of cardiovascular eventsand death in a population of patients with asymptomatic and / or clinically manifested CHF, which is dueto the pathogenetic features of the formation of cattle in patients with CHF of ischemic genesis. The articleprovides an overview of studies on the pathogenesis of kidney damage in CHF, the role of various markersin the early diagnosis of cattle. A decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and an increase in urinaryalbumin excretion are currently considered as “renal” markers of a poor prognosis within the cardiorenalcontinuum. In this regard, for stratification of patients by stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and,consequently, for assessing the risks of increased overall and cardiovascular mortality in patients with CHF,the accuracy of calculating GFR, as the main indicator reflecting the severity of formed kidney damage, is ofgreat importance. Microalbuminuria is one of the early signs of CKD, the main cause of which is glomerularcapillary endothelial dysfunction that occurs in most patients with CHF. The presence and persistence ofsubclinical renal dysfunction during treatment, even with the achievement of risk factors (RF) control andregression of organ lesions, can adversely affect the patient’s prognosis. Assessment of the functional stateof the kidneys is important for early diagnosis, selection of effective preventive measures and treatment. Thetherapeutic strategy in patients with CHF in combination with CKD should be based on the nephroprotectiveeffects of drugs.
A Review of Environmental Screening on Strategic Formulation in Health Care Sector KasihPuji Utami; Nur Wening
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16929

Abstract

This paper is a literature review that discusses the screening of the business environment in strategyformulation. The purpose of the review is to explore and connecting theories from various research. Thispaper identified 22 articles with related topics published the last decade. The results of this study show thatscreening of the external environment that is important to do is the general environment (politics, economy,socio-culture, technology, demography, and epidemiology) which plays a role of 66.66%. While internalenvironmental analysis that is important to do is resources (finance, physical, technology, human resources,innovation and reputation) and value chain management (infrastructure, HRM, technology development,purchasing, inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, sales and marketing, and services) playeda role of 33.33%.Based on a summary related to research on internal and external factors that have beencarried out in health facilities, it is known that industrial environmental factors and environmental factors ofcompetitors are still minimally studied so that they can become opportunities for future research.
Basal Cell Adenoma – A Report of a Rarity in a Relatively Rare Site Kavitha.M; Niveditha.B; Mutum Sangeeta Devi; Manju.J; Vishnu Priya.CK
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16930

Abstract

Basal cell adenoma is a rare benign neoplasm of the salivary gland. It preferentially occurs in the parotid glandand upper lip during the sixth and seventh decades of life. The clinical presentation most frequently seenis a slow-growing, asymptomatic, movable, round or oval, normally coloured submucosal mass measuringless than 3.0 cm in diameter, encapsulated and well circumscribed. Histologically, the tumor consists of aproliferation of the terminal duct epithelial cells forming islands and sheets with sparse of fibrous stroma,and numbers of small myoepithelial cells are present . Here is a report of a rare case of basal cell adenomain a relatively rare site of palate presented to our department.
Molecular Characteristics of Iraqi Lactobacillus plantarum Isolates and Evaluate its Natural Bacteriocin(plantaricins) Antimicrbial Activity against Pathogenic Bacteria Khadeeja S. Madhi; Mohammed H. Khudr; Rasha M. Othman
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16931

Abstract

In this study, local strains of Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria were isolated from traditional Iraqi rawmilk and milk products. The present study was aimed to study the molecular aspects of Iraqi Lactobacillusplantarum isolates and to evaluate its natural plantaricins antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. For complete detection for Lactobacillus spp. the partial sequencing of 16S rDNA gene result was analyzedand compared with those in GenBank to find out the different in the sequence using the BLAST program(http:// www. ncbi. nlm.nih). The result was 17 samples diagnosed as Lactobacillus plantarum. Moreover14 isolates of local Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria were show 100% similarity with those previouslyrecorded in GenBank, while 3 isolates were found to display more than 99% similarity with L. plantarumstrains were previously listed in GenBank. Moreover the study also reveals that all L.plantarum strains wasshowed antibacterial activity against three studied indicators bacteria and the plnEF gene (530bp) wasdetected in all 17 isolates of L.plantarum.
Outcomes of Fissurectomy and Advancement Flap in Management of Chronic Anal Fissure Khairallah Muzhir Gabash; Saleh Omairi; SarabMuhammed Zeki RAdhi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16932

Abstract

Chronic anal fissure is a painful linear tear in the mucocutaneous junction of the distal part of the analcanal and involves the full thickness of mucosa, causing severe pain may last even hours after defecation.Usually,it occurs along the midline either anterior or posterior,if it presents off the midline, other pathologymight be associated with. Unhealed anal fissure after 6-8 weeks is defined chronic, with the presence of othercriteria,it unlikely heals with medical treatment, and surgery is mandatory after pharmacological treatmentfailure. Lateral internal sphincterotomy had high healing rate, but unfortunately, with risk of incontinence.Fissurectomywithcomplete excision of the fissure keeping the internal anal sphincter intact,and anadvancement flap of well vascularized tissue is transferred to cover the base of fissure and improve healing.This study mainly aiming to analyze the outcome of fissurectomy with advancement flap procedure in thetreatment of chronic anal fissure and highlight its advantage in terms of healing rate and complicationsespecially anal incontinence.During a period of about 5 years 345 patients (260 males and 85 females), havebeen included in this study and were diagnosed as cases of chronic anal fissure. After administration of localanesthetic,fissurectomywith advanced flap was performed. Patients had been followed up regularly for 6-24months. Data collected and statistical analysesby using SPSS. About 75% ofpatients were males while, 25% were females, their ages were between 20-59 year, most of the patients werein thirties, nevertheless most of the females were in twenties.Mean time for wound healing was 10 days.Whilst complete fissure healing process lasting approximately one month. About 11.9% of the patients takemore than one month to complete healing process. Healing rate was 100% after the follow up period of 6-24months. Recurrence developed only in 2% of the patients. None of the patients developed incontinence,anal stenosis, key hole deformity, necrosis or urine retention. From this study concluded Fissurectomy withadvancement flap in the treatment of chronic anal fissure is cost effective procedure, can be done under LAwith least time-off work, with low complication, low recurrence,and no incontinence.
Evaluation of Leachate Quality at Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Site: Case Study in Sliwung, Situbondo Regency, East Java, Indonesia Khoiron; Ari Probandari; Wiwik Setyaningsih; Heru Subaris Kasjono
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16933

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the quality of landfill leachate that has been treated in a wastewatertreatment plant.Mathods: Leachate samples were taken for 12 months (January-December) in 2018. The leachate qualityparameters studied were: BOD5, COD, TSS, total N, and heavy metals (Hg and Cd).Results: The results showed that the BOD5 quality met environmental quality standards in May, June, July,September, October and December, COD exceeded environmental quality standards, TSS met environmentalquality standards in February, March, August, and December, N total met quality standards environment for11 months, only December did not meet environmental quality standards, heavy metals (Cd and Hg) werebelow environmental quality standards.Conclusion: The Sliwunglandfill to conduct an approach study that can reduce the BOD5, COD, and TSSvalues so that they do not exceed the specified quality standards.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program on Knowledge Regarding Electro Convulsive Therapy among Patient’s Relatives Undergoing ECT in Selected Hospitals in Vadodara Kiran Patel; Seema Boresa; Mural Christian
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16934

Abstract

Background of Study: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a safe and efficacious treatment; there is awidespread negative view of electroconvulsive therapy in public and professional circles. Clinical experienceand research have resulted in continued improvements to the efficacy and safety of electro convulsivetherapy. It is necessary to conduct research on this basis to modify the misconceptions and prejudices aboutthe electroconvulsive therapy1.Objectives: 1. To assesses the existing level of knowledge regarding electro convulsive therapy amongpatient’s relatives undergoing ECT.2. To determine the effectiveness of planned teaching on knowledgeregarding electro convulsive therapy among patient’s relatives undergoing ECT.3. To find out associationbetween pre test knowledge scores of patients relatives with their selected demographic variables.Methodology: Quantitative Research Approach was use with 2 Group pre test & Post test Design. Theinvestigator used pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test research design. Purposive samplingtechnique used for Selecting 30 Samples. The Structural questioners Used Check knowledge of ECT before& after administration of planned teaching program.Results: Analysis of paired t test is done to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching on knowledgeregarding electroconvulsive therapy. Researcher has found t value= 24.853 thus the obtained t value inthis study is more than the table value of t test at 0.05 level of significance. Hence the obtained t valueis significant. So it reveals that planned teaching on knowledge regarding electroconvulsive therapy isimproved in knowledge among patient’s relatives.
Sensitivity and Specificity of Postmortem CT for Detection of Thoracic Injury Komet Kosawiwat; RathachaiKaewlai; Pinporn Jenjitranant; Wisarn Worasuwannarak
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16935

Abstract

Objective: Postmortem CT (PMCT) can help conventional autopsy in determining the cause of death andfinding injury to various organs. Since injuries among several vital organs in the thorax can cause death, thisresearch aims to assess the performance of PMCT in detecting injuries of the thoracic cavity organs.Materials and Method: A total of 56 dead bodies by unnatural traumatic death who underwent PMCTbefore autopsy were collected. Thoracic traumatic findingsfrom PMCT were compared with data obtainedfrom conventional autopsy wherethe autopsy was the reference standard and calculated for sensitivity,specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy.Results:Findings in which PMCT showed high sensitivity included air (100%) and fluid (86.67%). Intermsof bone fracture, sensitivity and accuracy were79.18% and 88.69%, respectively, especially for T-spinefractures (sensitivity 92.31%, accuracy 87.50%) and clavicle fractures (sensitivity 90%, accuracy 89.29%).For rib fractures, PMCTexhibited moderate to high sensitivity (68.18-91.67%) and high accuracy (78.57-98.21%). For soft tissueinjuries, PMCT had high specificity (99.21%), but low sensitivity (34.94%).Conclusion: PMCT is useful in detecting thoracic injuries in conjunction with the conventional autopsy byhelping to diagnose bone fractures, abnormal air, and fluid with high sensitivity and specificity.

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