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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 342   343   344   345   346 
Knowledge, Attitude, Action, Ability to Pay (ATP), and Willingness to Pay (WTP) Young Adults in Fulfilling the Need for Oral Hygiene Maintenance NadyaSavira Giyansyah; Nadia Chairony; Indira Arella Harianto; Ulfie Rahmah Aliyah; AryoDwipoKusumo
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16988

Abstract

Background: One of the preventive efforts that can be performed to avoid dental and oral health problemsis by maintaining oral hygiene. Currently, there are various tools for maintaining dental and oral hygienethat are sold in the market. Purpose: To reveal the knowledge, attitude, action, Ability to Pay (ATP), andWillingness to Pay (WTP) of young adults in fulfilling the need for maintenance of oral hygiene. Methods:This research was a descriptive research type. The sample size was determined as 100 people, targeting thegroup of young adults aged 20-29 years who have worked or earn. A cross tabulation test was conductedbetween the ATP and WTP variables with demographic characteristics, namely age and work experience.Results: Based on the age frequency of ATP sufferers, those aged 20-29 years are able to meet the needs oforal hygiene at most at a cost of Rp. 51,000- Rp. 100,000, and the age frequency with the most WTP at a costof Rp. 141,000 - Rp. 160,000.Based on the length of time working with the ATP, most of the oral hygieneneeds are Rp. 51,000-Rp. 100,000. Meanwhile, the frequency of working with WTP is the maximum cost ofRp. 141,000 - Rp. 160,000. Conclusion: According to the research results, it can be concluded that the levelof knowledge, attitude, and action of young adults in fulfilling the needs for maintenance of oral hygiene isgood.
Dental Health Care for Older Persons with Diabetes by Caregivers in Ubon Ratchathani Namphet Tungyingyong; Ruengsin Thuennadee; Niruwan Turnbul
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16989

Abstract

Background: Ubon Ratchathani province has seen the phenomenon of the population aging since 2010and the number of the elderly continues rise each year. According to the assessment of oral health, mostof the elderly suffer from Gingivitis and Periodontitis, and have lost their teeth as a result of tooth decayand periodontal diseases. Methods: This study design was a research and development study aimed toexplore the process of dental health caregiving for older persons with diabetes by caregivers in UbonRatchathani province. Proportional to the estimation of the population, the sample size was 403 elderlypatients for contextual study from June 2016 to July 2018. Data was collected using questionnaires witha reliability of 0.8, and analysis was conducted using statistical tools, number, percent, mean, standarddeviation, independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test. Results: The finding demonstrated that theparticipants, similarly, needed care from caregivers, the role of caregivers, health promotion and prevention,while treatment was less of a need. Comparisons of evaluation results from both groups considered impactson their oral health, on the Daily Performance of their Lives, as well as their Knowledge of and Attitudetowards oral care, demonstrated a statistically significant difference (p-value = <0.001). Elderly patientswithout caregivers suffered largely from loose teeth, showing little knowledge and misunderstanding oftooth brushing techniques, believing that the harder they brush the better it is for their dental health. As forbehavior, both groups showed no statistically significant difference (p-value = 0.09) and were rated to be atthe same medium level. Conclusion: The finding can be applied for consistency of information from currentsuch as the service was easy to access, the development of the potential and skills of the elderly patients withdiabetes and their involved, as well as follow-up for strength and teamwork.
Endodontic Retreatment in Underfilled Root Canal of Maxillary First Molar with Chronic Periapical Abscess: A Case Report Nanik Zubaidah; Kun Ismiyatin; Cinitra Anindya; Nindhira Puspita Sari; Singgih Harseno; Ahmad Afif Dzulfikar; Dian Dwi Pratiwi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16990

Abstract

Background:The failure of endodontic treatment commonly caused by imperfect obturation, periodontalperiradicularlesions, untreated root canals, and some other factors. The failure may trigger the occurrenceof secondary infections due to persistent. bacteria.One of the abnormalities that appear after endodontictreatment is a periapical abscess.Endodontic failure can be overcome by endodontic retreatment, apicalsurgery, or extraction. During an endodontic retreatment, endodontic instruments are used to remove theroot canal filling material and to repeat the steps of endodontic treatment to achieve the apical patency.Purpose: This case report presents management to overcome the failure of previous endodontic treatmentwith nonsurgical endodontic retreatment. Case: A 66 years old male patient came with a dull pain oftooth no 16 and uncomfortable when used for chewing since 2 months after endodontic treatment. Theepisodic swelling appeared since 3 months ago which then deflated.The objective examination showed apositive response to bite test and percussion test. Intraoral periapical radiograph confirmed an underfilledroot canal, and a periapical radiolucency with a diffuse border on palatal root. Case Management: Basedon the patient’s history taking, radiographic, and clinical examination,endodontic retreatment was doneand followed by porcelain fused to metal crown restoration. Conclusion: Endodontic retreatment is theappropriate treatmentoption to overcome the failure of the previous endodontic treatment that accompaniedwith a periapical lesion and to preserve its function in stomatognatic system.
Harlequin Ichthyosis the Most Severe Form of the Congenital Ichthyosis; A Case Report Study Nasim Talebi-Azar; Mayam Rasouli; Babak Choobi Anzali; Rasoul Goli; Jaizeh Karimi Johani; Navid Faraji; Amireh Hassanpour; Aynaz Bagherzadi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16991

Abstract

Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is a rare and the most severe form of the congenital ichthyosis with an autosomalrecessive inheritance. At birth, the HI phenotype is striking with thick hyperkeratotic plate-like scaleswith deep dermal fissures, severe ectropion, among other findings. Although HI infants have historicallysuccumbed in the perinatal period related to their profound epidermal compromise, the prognosis of HIinfants has vastly improved over the past 20 years. The disease might be lethal at birth and the affected babiesare often premature. The present study reports a new case with HI and adds to the collective knowledge ofthis rare skin disorder.
Assess the Effectiveness of Breast Crawl Technique on Selected Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes among Mothers Admitted in Labour Ward at Selected Hospitals of Kheda-Anand District, Gujarat Neha Parmar; Patel Sonali; PrajapatiNilam; Patel Urja; Christian Richa; Patel Radhika; Parmar Mittal
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16992

Abstract

Background: The Investigator conducted a study to Assess the Effectiveness of Breast Crawl Technique onselected, Maternal and neonatal Outcomes Among Mothers Admitted in Labour Ward at selected hospitalsof Kheda-anand District Gujarat.was carried out by researcher. The objectives of the study were: (1) Toassess the effectiveness of breast crawl technique on maternal and neonatal outcome among experimentalgroup and control group. (2) To find out the association between maternal and neonatal outcomes andselected demographic variables in experimental group. Research Design: A quasi experimental researchapproach was used with non- equivalent control group post test only design. The researcher used nonprobabilitypurposive sampling technique for selecting the 40 samples. Tools :Latch scale was used toassess the initiation of breast feeding, Visual analogue pain scale was used to assess the intensity of pain,and APGAR score was used for newborn assessment. Validity was assessed by 7 experts. Reliability of latchscale, Visual analogue pain scale and APGAR Score was ascertained by using Karl Pearson’s co-relationcoefficient formula. Data Analysis & Results: The data will be analyzed by descriptive statistics such asMean, Standard deviation, Frequency, Percentage. The mean score of effectiveness of breast crawl techniqueon initiation of breast feeding, intensity of pain, newborn assessment was higher in experimental group thanthe control group. So it was revealed that there was significant difference between experimental group andcontrol group. For comparison of effectiveness of breast crawl technique on initiation of breast feeding,intensity of pain, newborn assessment in that mean score was higher and calculated “t” test value is 4.83which is greater than tabulated value 2.09. So, that the research hypothesis is accepted and proved that therewill be significant association between initiation of breast feeding, intensity of pain, newborn assessmentbetween the experimental group and control group. The finding of the study also revealed that there wassignificant association between the initiation of breast feeding, intensity of pain, newborn assessment withselected demographic variables.
The Effect of Capitation Value of Healthcare and Social Security Agency on Service Quality at Primary Clinics Neny Nurlaily; Titik Ernawati; FaraValeyria Irma Zain; Chomariyah
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16993

Abstract

Indonesia started to apply the National Health Insurance System on January 1, 2014, and the legal entityformed to administer this program is the Healthcare and Social Security Agency. Funding for the Healthcareand Social Security Agency at primary clinic uses the capitation system where the funds are mostly used forservices and operations. The use of capitation funds at the primary clinic is fully managed by itself based onthe agreement. This actually creates the potential for fraud because of the lack of regulations on using thecapitation funds. Fraud at the primary clinic does not really appear on the surface like a fraud in hospitals. Itcan be in the form of insufficient resources, facilities and service discrimination. Many studies have showna link between capitation funds and health services. A primary clinic needs to have an audit team to evaluatewhether the use of capitation funds is following the expected targets and needs.
Multimodal Strategy to Improve Hand Hygiene Compliance to Practices among Staff Nurses Nilima Vasava; Praful Damor; Jayshree Vasava
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16995

Abstract

Introduction and Background: Healthcare-acquired infections [HCAI] account for 10-30% of all hospitaladmissions, according to the World Health Organization [WHO]. An estimated 1.4 million people are infected withHCAI at any given time.1 As the burden of health-care-associated infections grows, so does the seriousness of diseaseand treatment difficulty, which is exacerbated by multi-drug-resistant pathogen infections.2 Health care providersare reverting to the fundamentals of infection control by employing common steps such as hand hygiene.3 TheWHO’s global initiative on patient safety programmers has made “Clean Care is Safer Care” a top priority.it is timefor developing countries to formulate the much-needed policies for implementation of basic infection preventionpractices in health care set-up.4Nurses, the “nucleus of the health-care system,” spend more time with patients than any other health-care worker, andtheir adherence to hand-washing protocols appears to be more important in preventing disease transmission amongpatients. Hand hygiene is thought to be the most important factor in preventing healthcare-associated infections(HAI). Hand hygiene programmes with a variety of components have been shown to increase compliance amonghealthcare workers and, as a result, minimise infections. One such initiative is the World Health Organization’simplementation of an evidence-based definition called “My five moments for hand hygiene.”5The investigator seeks to study the compliance to hand hygiene practices among staff nurses, working in the obstetricaland gynaecological wards. The research is an endeavour to increase the awareness and educate nurses about the needfor compliance to hand hygiene practices.Aim: A.The aim of this study was to see how well health care workers in the intensive care unit kept their handsclean (ICU)B. To determine the causes of noncompliance, andC. To investigate the effectiveness of a multimodal intervention approach in enhancing compliance.Methodology: This Quasi experimental one group pre-intervention and post intervention study compares thecompliance to hand hygiene practices before and after a multimodal interventional strategySetting: The study was conducted in ICU ward in hospitalResult: The study needed a sample size of 64 nurses to achieve an 80 percent power and a 5% error rate. A t testwas used to compare the mean pre- and post-test scores. ANOVA was used to examine the relationships betweenthe baseline variables. Hand hygiene enforcement among staff nurses increased dramatically from 45.31 percentto 65.78 percent following multimodal intervention strategies. (P0.0001) Hand hygiene techniques have improvedsignificantly (hand wash technique mean score increased from 5.97 + 1.284 to 8.16 + 1.158 (p 0.05) and hand rubtechnique score increased from 4.52 + 0.992 to 6.69 + 1.489 (p 0.05)).The private wards had considerably better handhygiene than the general wards.XI. Conclusion: The results of this study show that when multimodal interventional interventions were used, handhygiene compliance improved.
Antimicrobial Peptide Cathelicidin and Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism in Oral Health Nireeksha; Mithra N Hegde; Suchetha Kumari N
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16997

Abstract

Background: Anti-microbial peptides and vitamin D levels in saliva, GCF play an important role in oralhealth and its maintenance. The peptide levels are regulated by the Vitamin D cathecidilin pathway and theirassociation and influence on oral health is of outmost importance. The aim of the present review article is toestablish The aim is to establish a relationship and possibly the role of Cathelicidins and Vitamin D receptorgene polymorphism in relation to oral healthMethodology: The preferred reporting items for systematic review ad meta analysis (PRISMA) were usedfor reporting this systematic review. The study protocol has been approved by all co-authors .The study hasbeen registered at the National institute for health research (NHR) under the Prospero ID: CRD42020200946.Results: A total of 102 articles were retrieved through electronic database search .After evaluating the title,abstract and full text of these articles only 7 were selected for the present systematic review. However 3articles were excluded because they were classified as high risk of bias according to PRISMA guidelines.Out of 7 studies selected,4 were classified as low risk bias and 3 were classified as moderate riskbias.Conclusion: The current evidence suggests anti-microbial peptide LL-37 and vitamin D receptor genepolymorphism plays an important role in caries prevalence and periodontal healthHighlight: Understanding the role of antimicrobial peptides in saliva helps in enhancing focus on the effectof these components on oral health and its maintenance.
Primary Closure after Open Common Bile Duct Exploration in Comparison to T-tube Drainage. Our Experience in a New Medical College of Assam Nirmal Kumar Agarwal; Jon Bordalai; SantanuSarma
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16998

Abstract

Background: Traditionally T-tube drainage of CBD is most commonly done. However T-tube has its ownproblems mainly longer hospitalisation, longer absence from work and many complications. This study doneto assess outcome of primary closure of CBD after open CBD exploration.Methods: This retrospective study was done in Tezpur Medical College which is a new medical college inAssam. All the patients who underwent CBD exploration in our unit were analysed to compare the results.All together 38 patients underwent CBD exploration of which in 18 primary closure of CBD was done.Results and Conclusion: Our results indicate lesser complications for primary closure, much shorterhospital stay in comparison to T-tube drainage.Primary closure of CBD after choledocholithotomy is safe, much simple and effective and has lessercomplications in comparison to T-tube drainage.
Detection of Mn – Dependent Chitinase for Wheat Root Rot Disease Control by Real time PCR Noor Maath Ahmed; Akeel Hussian Ali Al-Assie; Abdullah Abdulkareem Hassan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.16999

Abstract

The use of some mineral salts with concentrations of 10, 30 and 50 mm Muller led to the inhibition ofthe activity of the enzyme chitinase, but to varying degrees. Manganese chloride MnCl2 showed moreeffect in stimulating the activity of the enzyme, as the effectiveness reached 74.87% in addition to calciumchloride CaCl2, which had a stimulating effect for the enzyme as well. The salts EDTA and NH4Cl had aninhibitory effect on the enzyme activity. The field experiment was conducted for the purpose of inducingsystemic resistance of wheat plants with the fungus T. longibrachiatum under conditions of infection withthe pathogen Fusarium oxysporum and evaluating the efficacy of the chitinase enzyme in improving plantgrowth for three varieties of wheat, which are Iba 99, Sham 6 and July 2 for 45 days, after which thevegetative characteristics were taken. For cultivated plants and the efficacy of the chitinase enzyme for theshoot and root system, the induction treatment (pathogenic fungus + T. longibrachiatum + MnCl2) proved itsrole in the highest reduction of the severity of infection with the pathogen fungus of wheat, reaching 18.05%and the high vegetative and root growth indicators under conditions of pathogen infection and for all thestudied varieties. The results of induction were due to the increased expression of the chitinase enzyme gene.RT - PCR technique was used. It showed that all the studied cultivars with 99, Sham 6 and July 2 had higherexpression than the control treatment.

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