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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 374   375   376   377   378 
Comparative Evaluation of Dexmeditomidine & Fentanyl in Terms of Cardiovascular Stress Response During Anesthetic Airway Management in Major Surgical Procedures Niraj Rathod; Sunil Valand; Seema Rawat; Komal Makwana
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17612

Abstract

Background- airway management both in operation theatre and during emergencies remains challenge because of cardiovascular stress response & inflammatory mediators during procedure exhilarating the stress response itself leading to catastrophic events. This study is aimed to evaluate comparative efficacy of dexmedetomidine over fentanyl because of it have not only as sympatholytic also as anti-inflammatory properties. Study was orchestrated at tertiary care centre in western India after approval of institutional scientific & ethical committee. Methodology Study group include 50 patients of either sex aged between 18 to 55 years who were admitted for major surgical procedure and given consent for inclusion. Study group divided in two group for record & statistical analysis of parameters like heartrate, mean arterial pressure at various interval during surgery to ascertain the superiority of dexmedetomidine vs fentanyl in stabilizing cardiovascular stress response.
A Tear Inflammatory Biomarker in Dry Eye Disease Ni Made Inten Lestari; Evelyn Komaratih; Yuyun Rindiastuti; Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17613

Abstract

Background: Dry eye disease is a chronic ocular condition and significantly impacts visual function with multifactorial origin. It is characterized by tear instability and inflammation on the ocular surface. The inflammatory response initiates by synthesis and release of cytokines, Recently, there has been increasing scientific interest using tear film biomarkers that play a role in pathophysiology of dry eye disease. The objective of this study to explain relationship of tear film biomarker in dry eye.Methods: The research design of this study used literature review. The data was collected from electronic database in PubMed, Google Scholar, and website of science and predominantly published in the last 10 years.Result: The defect on the tear film component due to oxidative stress lead to ocular surface epithelial exposure, and intracellular signaling pathways are triggered, involving an inflammatory mediator which plays a role in the pathophysiology of dry eye. Using biomarker lead to better diagnosis, drug development, and effective management for dry eye disease.Conclusion: In conclusion, TNF-a, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1 by number studies to consistently reflect disease severity and strong correlation with schirmer tear test and another test for the ocular surface in dry eye disease.
Serum Preptin Level in Iraqi Beta Major Thalassemic Patients Noor Haidar Talib; Hedef .D. Al-Yaseen; Ali Mohammed Jwad
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17614

Abstract

Background Beta thalassemia syndromes are a set of hereditary blood disorders marked by a deficiency of beta-globin chain synthesis, result in decrease hemoglobin in red blood cells, anemia, and a reduced RBC production. Iron overload is a common finding in chronically transfused beta thalassemia major patients with possible effect on beta cell function and secretion. This study aimed to assess preptin level in the serum in beta major thalassemic patients, in order to indicate the effect of oxidative stress on preptin secretion. And explain preptin effect on bone cells. Subject and methods; A case-control study that was performed in the Ibn Albaladi Hospital (during the period from 1st of September 2020 to the end of January 2021. It included 48 beta major thalassemic patients and 36 subject as healthy control. Information was taken from each subject including age, diseases. Subjects with any cardiovascular diseases, hyperemesis gravidram, liver diseases, kidney diseases, bone disease, diabetes mellitus, and patients take corticosteroid as well as patients in childhood were excluded in this study. The biomarkers studied were: fasting serum preptin, insulin were assessed. Serum preptin and insulin were measured by ELISA technique. Results; The mean values of (Preptin, Insulin) in patients group were less than control group. There was a moderate direct significant correlation P<0.01 between preptin and insulin. Conclusion; The mean value of serum preptin was less in thalassemic major group than control group. And direct correlated with insulin level which is also reduced in thalassemic patients.
Effect of KI on SDF Treated Cavities Ola Mohamed Ismail Sakr; Mashail Abdullah Alsaikhan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17615

Abstract

Background: Dental caries is the most frequent chronic disease worldwide. However, Dental caries can be prevented or arrested. Recently interest in the use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been growing. (SDF) is a solution containing ionic silver, fluoride, and ammonia that arrests the progress of carious lesions and prevents the development of future caries. In Vitro studies demonstrated that SDF increases the pH of biofilm, reduces dentin demineralization, and has antimicrobial action against cariogenic bacteria. But it produces a lesion darker (brown to black) than the original, which is the major criticism of the material. To counter the staining, many studies have tested SDF treatment immediately followed with a saturated solution of potassium iodide.Material and Methods: A vitro study done in Qassim University, with sample of 30 extracted premolars, divided into 3 groups, (Group A): received silver diamine fluoride, followed by application of Potassium iodide. (Group B): cavity preparation 1 mm in enamel then Received silver diamine fluoride followed by application of Potassium Iodide. And (Group C): cavity preparation 1 mm beyond dentoenamel junction then Received silver diamine fluoride followed by application of Potassium Iodide.Result: There was a statistically significant differences between three groups on color measurement p= (0.020), this means that the prevalence for group c-based change color teeth compared to group A and B.Conclusion: SDF + KI treatment showed a low intensity staining in superficial and deep cavities. The intensity of staining decreased significantly in dentin prepared cavities.
The Cytotoxic Effect of Iraqi Rumex Acetosella against Breast and Esophagus Cancer Cells Omar Hussein Ahmed; Ali Jabbar Abdulhussein; Enas Jawad Kadhim
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17616

Abstract

Background: cell lines derived from cancer cells are frequently used in research, including use as a model to understand cancer and to identify potential new treatments. The aim of this article has been prepared to evaluate the anticancer effect of Rumex Acetosella that has been studied for their anticancer activity on esophagus and breast cancer cell line. Method: AMJ13 (new breast cancer cell line (AMJ13) has been established from an Iraqi breast cancer patient and SK-GT-4 cells (Human esophageal adenocarcinoma cell line) were treated with whole methanolic extract of the leaves of Rumex acetosella. the MTT assay to determine the anticancer activity was done using 96-well plates where cell lines were seeded at 1 × 104cells/well after 24 hrs.m the cells were treated with tested compounds at different concentrations. Cell viability was measured after 72 hrs of treatment by removing the medium, adding 28 μL of 2 mg/mL solution of MTT, and incubating the cells for 2.5 h at 37 °C. After removing the MTT solution, the crystals remaining in the wells were solubilized by the addition of 130 μL of DMSO (Dimethyl Sulphoxide) followed by 37 °C incubation for 15 min with shaking. The absorbency was determined on a microplate reader at 492 nm. Conclusion: Plant extract from Rumex Acetosella showed particularly strong anticancer capabilities since it inhibited actual tumor progression in a breast adenocarcinoma mouse model. Our results suggest that whole plant extracts are promising anticancer reagents.
A molecular Study of the Microsporum Canis and Trichophyton Mentagrophytes Associated Fungal Infection: Athlete’s Foot among Farmers Omar Sadik Shalal; Qahtan Adnan Rasheed; Dunya Abdulrazzaq Alkurjiya
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17617

Abstract

Athlete’s foot (Tinea pedis) and toe nails infection (onychomycosis) are disease conditions caused by dermatophytes; both diseases are prevalent in adults, especially in farmers who often wear robber shoes during farming. Proper treatment of dermatophytes related skin diseases needs a proper understanding of susceptibility of the causative agents to the intended treatment option. This knowledge can only be derived from proper identification and characterization of the related fungi. In the present study, both traditional and molecular identification approaches were applied on cultured samples for detection and identification of Tinea pedis. From the PCR analysis, Microsporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes were identified as the two commonest species implicated in Tinea pedis basing on their DNA banding patterns. From the fifty two identified dermatophyte isolates via the conventional identification methods, only 45 isolates were confirmed via molecular approach, with 25 isolated being confirmed as M. canis while 20 isolates were T. mentagrophytes. The same was confirmed with real time PCR quantification.
Features of Teleroentgenographic Indicators of the Position of the Teeth and the Profile of the Soft Tissues of the Face in Adolescents with Different Profiles and Types of Faces According to Schwarz A.M. Prokopenko O.S; Gunas I. V; Beliaiev E. V; Kotsyura O. O; Kovalchuk V. V
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17618

Abstract

One of the most relevant areas of research in biomedical anthropology is the establishment of morphometric parameters of the human body, individual organs and structures of the body, in particular cephalometric indicators and indicators of the jaw-facial apparatus. Such research is important from the point of view of practical medicine, first of all improvement of methods of identification of the person in forensic medicine and for creation of a normative database for diagnostics of dental deformities and improvement of consequences of surgical, orthopedic and orthodontic interventions. One of the most accurate and effective methods for determining cephalometric parameters is the method of lateral teleroentgenography. The object: to establish teleroentgenographic indicators that characterize the position of teeth and the profile of facial soft tissues and determine their sexual characteristics in Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognathic occlusion depending on the profiles and types of faces according to Schwarz A. M. Conclusions: the results prove the need to consider not only age, but also sex, type and profile of the face for an individualized approach in determining the normative teleroentgenographic indicators of human, are important in forensic medicine to improve the efficiency of identification and in practical dentistry to assess the condition of the dental apparatus and ensure effective therapeutic and aesthetic results of orthopedic and orthodontic dentistry.
Study of Genetic Variation of the gene NOS3 and Cadmium Concentrations in a Sample of Iraqi Patients with Essential Hypertension Qusay A. Abdulameer; Ismail H. Aziz; Abdul-jabbar A Ali; Ismail A. Abdulhassan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17619

Abstract

High blood pressure is defined as a systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or more, or a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or more. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the circulation of blood on the walls of the body’s arteries, which are the main blood vessels in the body. High blood pressure is classified into normal, first stage, second stage, or third stage. Risk factors include lifestyle factors, environmental factors, and genetics. There are two types of high blood pressure, essential hypertension and non-essential hypertension. samples were collected, representing 50 samples from welding laborers patients with high blood pressure, in addition to 50 healthy samples. This study was conducted with the aim of studying the relationship between genetic variation of some genes and environmental factors associated with basic blood pressure in Iraqi patients. The studies were conducted in the laboratories of the Institute of Genetic Engineering - University of Baghdad, as well as in the research laboratories of the Ministry of Science and Technology. Total genomic DNA was extracted using a special kit (Geneaid) from fresh unfrozen blood samples, and then normal polymerase chain reaction and PCR-RFLP were used to detect mutations in the gene NOS3 rs1799983 T>G (Glu 298 Asp) using primers and specialized severing enzyme is MboI. The results of the wild-type TT of NOS3 gene showed a bundle (206 bp), while the heterozygous TG genotypes showed (206, 119 and 87 bp), respectively, and for the mutant GG genotypes (119 and 87 bp). Nitrogenous base sequence analysis (Sequencing) was conducted for both infected and healthy samples. The results of the study showed that the incidence of hypertension in the age group (20-65) years was higher in males than in females, reaching (60% and 40%), respectively. The study showed that stress, smoking and exposure to pollution all have a clear and dangerous effect on the percentage of people with high blood pressure. The results also showed that mutations between patients and healthy subjects in the NOS3 gene for wild-type TT is (60%) versus (40%), respectively, at a significant level (p<0.01), while for the heterozygous TG it is (28)% versus (32%) found not significant. As for the GG homozygous mutant, the results were (12%) versus (28%) found to be significant at (p<0.05) and these results indicate that genetic variation (T>G) may be a risk factor (TT) for high blood pressure. The results of the NOS3 gene also showed the relationship between the TT genotype of the NOS3 gene and the cadmium concentration between patients and healthy subjects for the wild-type TT is 4.82 ± 0.09 versus 0.388 ± 0.025 with a level (p<0.01) while for the heterozygous TG is 4.96 ± 0.10 versus 0.371 ± 0.035 with a level (p<0.01). The homozygous mutant GG is 5.02 ± 0.08 versus 0.356 ± 0.025 with a level (p<0.01). These results indicate that the high level of cadmium in welding laborers has an effect on high blood pressure.
Environmental Analysis of Massive Mask Waste due to the Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia Rahmad Agus Dwianto; Tulus Haryono; Rianto
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17620

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic has a big impact. The requirement to use masks to prevent the spread of the virus increases the amount of mask waste. This study aims to analyze the environment due to the accumulation of mask waste during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This research uses the literature study method from various literature references and qualitative analysis. Medical waste that is not managed with proper procedures has the potential to transmit the virus to other people. In addition, the pile of mask waste is also bad for the environment. Various appropriate designs and technologies are made for more appropriate and environmentally friendly management of mask waste.
Immunohistochemical Characterization of Hepatic Nuclear Factor 4 Alpha Expression in the Choroid Plexus of the lateral and 4th ventricles of adult Male Rat Brain Rasha A. Salman; Taghreed Abdulrsool Ali; Duaa AL Musawi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17621

Abstract

The choroid plexus (CP) is present in brain ventricles. It is responsible for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) secretion and various vital functions. Special proteins present in choroidal epithelium play important roles in CSF production and energy metabolism.This study aims to compare between the lateral and fourth ventricles CPs using hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α), metabolism marker, to evaluate the functional activity of this tissue in the two regions.Ten adult male albino rats were used to study the histological features of the CPs and to study the functional activity by quantitative immunohistochemical labeling with HNF4α marker.The CP of the fourth ventricle had more functional activity than the CP of the lateral ventricle. A quantitative assessment of HNF4α using Aperio ImageScope Software Analysis showed that the lateral ventricle CP mean positivity 0.264 ± 0.083 pixel/micron² while the fourth ventricle CP have mean positivity 0.297 ± 0.043 pixel/micron². The immunohistochemical expression of marker in the fourth ventricle CP were significantly, P ≤ 0.05 higher than those in the lateral ventricle at P ≤ 0.05. Immunohistochemical detection of metabolism marker went along with findings of other histological and biochemical studies to define the CP as a highly dynamic structure with regional variations forming a continuum of one entity tissue capable of functional adaptation according to body needs.

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