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<![CDATA[A Study of Cheiloscopic Pattern in Relation to Gender and Blood Groups in a Tertiary Care Hospital at Chennai ]]>
<![CDATA[S Surya]]>;
<![CDATA[P Shruthi]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14398
<![CDATA[Personal identification is of vital importance in forensic odontology for ethical, humanitarian and criminalenquiries. The applicability of Cheiloscopy ( study of pattern of lip print), one of the easiest tools availablein individual and medicolegal identification, is an area of extensive research in recent years. With theobjective to investigate the uniqueness of lip patterns in relation to gender and blood groups, this study wasconducted on 100 subjects, which included 50 males and 50 females. The lip prints obtained were studiedby applying Suzuki and Tsuchihashi’s classification.Type 2 (37%) was the most common lip print type inmales and Type 3 (38.5%) was the most common lip print type in females. The Lower lip print can helpin gender determination. No significant statistical correlation was found between the lip print patterns andblood group. Along with the traditional methods of identification like fingerprint analysis,Cheiloscopy canalso be helpful in the identification of a person.However, the utility of the same in forensic medicine stillremains largely untapped and unacknowledged. Similar studies with larger sample sizes are required toobtain statistically significant reports thereby allowing a more impactful emergence of lip print patternsusage in forensic analysis.]]>
<![CDATA[A Practical Perspective of Forensic Odontology in Age Estimation: 2 Medico Legal Case Studies ]]>
<![CDATA[S.Lavanya]]>;
<![CDATA[L.Anand Kumar]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14399
<![CDATA[Forensic odontology is the branch of forensics that deals with human identification based on dental features.We discussed in this paper the medico-legal importance of different ages and the method of age estimation forlegal obligations along with case studies. Dental structures along with the skeletal age and secondary sexualcharacteristics as a method of assessing age in different age groups is increasingly used in both criminaland civil proceedings, which falls within the purview of forensic odontology. Hence, a good knowledge forevery dentist is necessary about various forensic methods like chronology of primary and permanent teeth,DNA studies, Cheiloscopy, Palatal rugae assessments etc for identification of an individual to assess factorslike age, sex, and so can able to play vital role in practice of Forensic Odontology]]>
<![CDATA[Sex Determination using the Ischiopubic Index in South Indian Population ]]>
<![CDATA[S. K. Nawaz Ahmed]]>;
<![CDATA[M. Sreenivasan]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14400
<![CDATA[The aim of this study was to use the Ischiopubic index to explore the sex differences in the pelvis betweenthe male and female bones. The pelvis is characterized by sexually dimorphic features and thus it can beused for sex determination while establishing the biological profile in unknown skeletal remains. In thisstudy we have assessed the sex prediction potential of the Ischiopubic index using 72 dry innominate hipbones (38 male and 34 female) belonging to South Indian population. The lengths of the pubis and ischiumwere measured in these bones and the Ischiopubic index was calculated as per Washburn’s formula. TheIschiopubic index was calculated to be 85.46 ± 3.63 mm. in males (Range 74.15 - 95.28 mm.) and 97.75 ±4.10 mm. in females (Range 89.56 - 116.37 mm.). Application of the Student’s t test showed that there wasa statistically significant difference in the Ischiopubic index between the male and female pelvic bones witha p <0.001.]]>
<![CDATA[Estimation of Stature from Living Adult Females belonging to Tamil Population using Percutaneous Tibial Length ]]>
<![CDATA[S. K. Nawaz Ahmed]]>;
<![CDATA[M. Sreenivasan]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14401
<![CDATA[Establishment of the identity of an individual from dismembered remains or skeletal remains is a commonproblem encountered by the Forensic Pathologist and can be a challenging task. In addition to age and sex,stature is an anthropological parameter that is indispensable in establishing the identity of an individual.In the present study, we have analyzed the relationship between stature and percutaneous Tibial lengths(PCTL) and derived a regression equation for a specific population. The parameters namely, the statureand percutaneous Tibial lengths (PCTL) of both lower limbs were measured in 115 females belonging toTamil population and recorded. The subjects were in the age group of 21-30 years. Analysis of the resultsinvolved the use of the Pearson’s correlation to derive the relationship between the parameters and establishthe dependence of the stature on the length of the left and right Tibia respectively in the study subjects. Theresults from this present study attest to the utility of the percutaneous Tibial lengths (PCTL) in determinationof the stature in females belonging to the Tamil population.]]>
<![CDATA[Retrospective Study of Profile of Deaths Due to Fatal Electrocution Injuries in the Jammu Region of Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir ]]>
<![CDATA[Sandhya Arora]]>;
<![CDATA[Vinka Maini]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14402
<![CDATA[Background: Electrocution injury is due to passage of a substantial electrical current through the tissue,which can cause skin lesions, organ damage, and death. Due to scarcity of typical autopsy findings inelectrocution and unclear circumstances of death, many a times cause of death remains undiagnosed. Presentstudy was retrospective, autopsy-oriented study, aimed to study profile of deaths due to fatal electrocutioninjuries in the Jammu region of union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. During study period 40 casesof electrocution were autopsied at our center. During study period, 1.23% incidence was noted for fatalelectrocution deaths. In present study majority of the victims were men (78 %), with a male: female ratioof 3.5:1. Most common age group was 21–30 years (43 %)& upper limbs (58 %) were most common bodyparts involved. 53 % cases had both entry & exit marks while in 15 % cases no entry or exit marks werenoted. Most of the electrocution deaths were accidental, common in males, in the rainy season & mostof the deaths were either instantaneous or immediate. Most of the electrocution deaths are preventable innature and they can be prevented by implementing proper education programs, widespread usage of safetyappliances and insulators, keeping electric appliances in child proof cabinets.]]>
<![CDATA[A Protocol on Effect of Gaze Exercises and Balance Regimen on Quality of Life of Patients with Peripheral-Vertigo ]]>
<![CDATA[Sapna B. Dhote]]>;
<![CDATA[Ashish W. Bele]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14404
<![CDATA[Background: As vertigo is been one of the most common condition affecting the individual functionally,physically and emotionally and result in some form of disability. Most of physiotherapy interventionproves to be effective in vestibular rehabilitation of patients with vestibular disorders. Gaze stabilizationexercises are effective and some suggest balance training is also effective in vestibular rehabilitation. Butthere is minimal literature on combination of both exercise protocol. Aim: To find out the effect of Gazestabilization Exercises and balance training on quality of life of patients with Peripheral Vertigo. Methods:30 participants with vertigo due to peripheral pathology will be selected on the basis of inclusion, exclusionand head impulse test. The patient will be evaluating using Visual analogue scale, Dizziness HandicapInventory, Berg Balance Scale and Dynamic Gait Index Scale. The participants will be distributed into twocategories. Group- A will receive gaze stabilization exercise and Group- B will receive balance trainingalong with gaze stabilization exercise. Participants will be evaluating post-treatment. Conclusion: Thisstudy concluded that there may be significant reduction in vertigo symptoms and improved Quality of Lifein peripheral vertigo by using combine effect of Gaze Exercise with Balance Training]]>
<![CDATA[Mobile Phone Utility and Its Effects on Health among Medical Students in Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh ]]>
<![CDATA[Saptarishi Bose]]>;
<![CDATA[Sushant Kumar Mishra]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14405
<![CDATA[Background: Mobile phone has become important in everyday life and internet utility have increasedespecially among the student community. Overuse of mobile phone has been associated with many healthissues. Objective was to know the mobile phone usage pattern and its health effects among medical students.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among medical students of GSL Medical College,Rajahmundry including 287 students from first to third MBBS. Data was collected using a pre-testedquestionnaire consisting of socio-demographic parameters, pattern of mobile phone usage like mode of use,time of maximum use etc. and the health effect variables like headache, fatigue, neck pain, painful fingersetc. Statistical analysis was done using MS-Excel 2007 and SPSS v 22, chi-square test was applied andp<0.05 was considered significant.Results: 95% were using smart phone and 83% were having single phone. Maximum were using for 4-6years (55%). Internet was used for academic purpose in 90%. Majority of them experienced eyes symptoms(55.23%) followed by sleep deprivation (46.21%) and headache (42.60%).Conclusions: Mobile phone are having positive role in our daily lives but its overuse has bad impact onhealth of students.]]>
<![CDATA[Stability of Palatal Rugae after Rapid Maxillary Expansion ]]>
<![CDATA[Sarika K]]>;
<![CDATA[Parvathy Ghosh]]>;
<![CDATA[Sapna Varma]]>;
<![CDATA[Ajith V.V]]>;
<![CDATA[Krishna Sruthy]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14406
<![CDATA[Introduction: Palatal rugae or plicae palatine are uneven ridges made of connective tissue situatedbeneath the incisive papilla. DNA analysis, finger prints analysis, are the most common techniques usedfor establishing person’s identity but in situation where using these techniques are difficult palatal rugaecan be used as a second source of identification. However, some habits like prolonged thumb sucking andorthodontic treatment for long duration could affect the rugae pattern. Hence, this study aims to evaluate thechanges in transverse dimensions of palatal rugae in subjects treated with rapid maxillary expansionMaterial and Methods: The palatal rugae patterns were measured and compared to evaluate the morphometricchanges between pre-treatment cast (30 Pre-RME) and its post-treatment (30 Post-RME) counterpart. Allpre-and post-expansion dental casts were traced and the intermedial and interlateral dimensions of first,second and third rugae were measured. The statistical analysis was done using paired t test.Conclusion: The medial aspect of first primary rugae can be considered as a stable reference landmarkwhile the lateral and medial aspects of the 2nd and 3rd rugae are liable to changes in transverse dimension.Hence, for forensic identification the stability of palatal rugae in patients who had undergone rapid maxillaryexpansion still remains questionable]]>
<![CDATA[Effectiveness of Pictorial Health Warnings on Tobacco Products in Creating Awareness among 15-17 Years Old School Children in Lucknow ]]>
<![CDATA[Sarvesh Bansal]]>;
<![CDATA[Shitanshu Malhotra]]>;
<![CDATA[Madhusudan Krishna]]>;
<![CDATA[Shikha Chaudhary]]>;
<![CDATA[Gunjan Agarwal]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14407
<![CDATA[Aim: The present study was planned to assess the effectiveness of pictorial health warnings on tobaccoproducts in creating awareness among 15-17 years old school children in Lucknow.Materials and method: The present cross sectional study was conducted among 360 students studyingin rural schools of Lucknow. Information about schools was obtained from DEO’s. Sampling was doneusing multistage sampling technique. A specially designed questionnaire was administered to assess theeffectiveness of pictorial health warnings on tobacco products in creating awareness given on the reversepanel of smoked and smokeless tobacco. Statistical analysis was done using chi square and test.Results: The mean knowledge score among male and female was 6.37±1.56 and 6.50±1.73 respectivelywith statistically insignificant difference. Average and poor impact was reported among 21.11%, 1.94% and14.17%, 0.28% of the boys and girls respectively. When different attitude grading was compared statisticallyamong boys and girls, it was found to be statistically significant.Conclusion: The present study threw light on some of the aspects of the young students towards the PictorialHealth Warnings on tobacco packs. The finding also highlights to improve the quality of the PictorialWarnings and make them more robust and impactful]]>
<![CDATA[Effects of Body Position on the Outcome of Pulmonary Function Tests in Non-Mechanically Ventilated Adults: A Brief Review ]]>
<![CDATA[Saumi Sinha]]>;
<![CDATA[Rakesh Kumar Sinha]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14408
<![CDATA[Background: The most important focus of pulmonary physical therapy has been to improve pulmonaryfunction. Studies have indicated that body position affects pulmonary function. Pulmonary Function Testsare a group of tests that are routinely performed to objectively assess lung volumes and capacities and arecommonly performed in sitting position. However, positions other than sitting have to be considered incertain disease conditions when the patient may not be able to attain sitting posture. The result may provideobjective data regarding positions suitable for pulmonary function measurements.Methodology: A search to identify articles from the last five years from the period January 2015-January2020 was conducted using free access search engines Medline, Pubmed and Google Scholar. Search wasundertaken using both, key words and MeSH words for maximal retrieval of literature. Some older articlesrelevant to the topic were also included in this study.Conclusion: The effect of sitting and lying positions on pulmonary function tests vary across studypopulations which makes it difficult to establish an optimal position for performing pulmonary functiontests. However, supine lying position may be considered in those disease conditions where adopting a sittingposition may not be possible for the subject.]]>
