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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 402   403   404   405   406 
Sensitivity and Specificity of Several Malnutrition Screening Tools for Chronic Kidney Disease Patient: A Narrative Review Qonita Rachmah; Dominikus Raditya Atmaka
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14376

Abstract

Introduction: Malnutrition remains a critical risk factor for morbidity and mortality among CKD patients.However, malnutrition is preventable and treatable. Thus, early malnutrition screening of CKD patients iscrucial. The present paper is a narrative review of the several studies related the use, sensitivity and specificity ofdeveloped malnutrition screening tools for CKD patients.Material and Method: Articles were searched from five electronic databases i.e., PubMed, PMC, Semanticscholar, Science-direct, and Google scholar. Several keywords used for literature searching including“malnutrition screening tools CKD”; “malnutrition CKD”; “malnutrition screening CKD”. Inclusion criteriaof this narrative review was the subject of intervention should be an aged 1 – 64 years old with experimentalrandomized control trial (RCT) or non-RCT study design. The exclusion criteria for this literature studywere research published before 1990, literature studies, meta-analysis, comments, short communication, andeditorial letters. Data then narratively described.Result and Conclusion: Twelve publication were narratively described in final analysis. Development ofmalnutrition screening tools for CKD patient had been done since 1992 and still counting until 2020. At leastthirteen screening tools had been tested for its use, sensitivity and specificity. Among 13 tools we analyzed,Simple Nutrition Screening Tool (SNST) and The Renal Nutrition Screening Tool (R-NST) revealed thehighest sensitivity and specificity value which suitable to be used in adult population, while in children,only Pediatric Digital Scaled MAlnutrition Risk Screening Tool (PeDiSMART) showed a good sensitivityand specificity. Further study should be focusing to look for sensitivity and specificity in other specificpopulation to ensure the right use of malnutrition screening tool.
Neonatal Transport - Review Article R. Abhilasha Singh Panwar; Sachin Damke
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14377

Abstract

Various factors lead to neonatal mortality, in which transport of neonates play an important role in mortalityand morbidity of neonates. In India neonatal transport has not developed well. Many sick neonatessuccumb during transport or become very serious during transport. Transport duration, type of transport,treatment given during transport , if pretransport treatment received, maintenance of hemodynamic stability,maintenance of temperature and blood sugars during transport is essential for reducing the mortality of thebaby. Regionalizing neonatal care, will help in deciding the transport of neonates from one centre to anhigher level of care. Hence a well-organized transport system should be in place for the transport of the sickneonates. This review article discusses about the neonatal transport and its implications.
Atrial Myxomas: A Case Report on Rare Benign Cardiac Tumour and its Histopathological Diagnosis R.K. Tandon; Charu Kiran Agrawal; Niti Adhwaryu
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14378

Abstract

Cardiac tumours are a very rare entity of tumours which comprises of both malignant and benign group.The atrial myxomas are benign cardiac tumour which occurs most commonly. This case report illustrates adiagnosis of rare atrial myxoma through its characteristic signs, symptoms, most common site of occurrenceand histopathological examination assisted by radiological examination.The diagnosis is made by classical clinical presentation, histopathological examination along with 2Dechocardiography to rule out the malignant activity. The clinical signs and symptoms vary with the locationand size of tumour, which usually present as pulpy non-specific mass.The histopathological study corresponded with classical pattern. Since the tumour may present as anemergency in the form of symptoms mimicking sudden cardiac death and other complications likeembolization, prompt resection of tumour is the mainstay treatment associated with low mortality. However,the most common complication is recurrences hence the patient should be kept in regular follow up.
A Rare Case Report of Giant Cervical Angiomatous Polyp R.K.Tandon; Nidhi Patel; Shivani Vora
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14379

Abstract

Cervical polyps which are giant are less commonly seen in day to day patient examination. It is calledgiant when it is of more than 4 cm. It can mimic cervical cancer also. This case which we are presentinghere is about the cervical angiomatous giant polyp in a woman who was presented with pain in abdomenand increased flow of menses since 1 month. Tissue section was studied and diagnosed as giant cervicalangiomatous type polyp which is seen very very less commonly
Toxicological Assessment of Ethanolic Leaves Extract of Kalanchoe pinnata in Rats V. Saravanan; S.S. Murugan; K.R. Navaneetha Krishnan; N. Mohana; K. Sakthivel; T. N. Sathya
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14380

Abstract

Kalanchoe pinnata is a perennial plant that is widely used in the folklore treatment of kidney and gallstones and urinary insufficiency. The present study aims to evaluate the potential toxicity of the leaf extractof this plant upon acute and sub-acute (28 day) exposure in Wistar rats when administered orally. In acuteoral toxicity(n=3) female Wistar rats were treated with a single dose of 2000mg/kg b.wt and observed for14 days and sub-acute toxicity(n=6) male and female Wistar rats were treated with the dose of 500 and1000mg/kg b.wt of leaf extract for 28 days consecutively. No mortality, morbidity or adverse clinical signsof toxicity were observed during the experimental period. No significant changes in the body weight wasobserved. Gross necropsy did not indicate any treatment-related pathological changes in any of the animalsin the acute and sub-acute toxicity studies. Histopathology of the liver, heart and kidney did not show anyremarkable lesions that could be related to the administration of the leaf extract. Ethanolic leaf extract ofKalanchoe pinnata is relatively safe with an LD50 value greater than 2000 mg/kg. From the sub-acute study,the no-observed adverse effects level (NOAEL) of the extract can be derived as 1000 mg/kg b.wt in maleand female Wistar rats.
Analysis of Risk Management Cycle on Capitation Mechanism at First Level Healthcare Facilities in East Java Rachmad Suhanda; Usman Hadi; Widodo J. Pudjirahardjo; Djazuly Chalidyanto
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14381

Abstract

The implementation of risk management is an essential function in an organization to control risk. Basedon the preliminary research that has been carried out, only 4.2% of FLHF in East Java implemented thecomplete risk management process, starting from establishing context to evaluating risks. Modificationsof risk management cycle implementation are made by reviewing the opinion of Carroll (2001) and ISO31000:2009. This research aims to analyze the influence between the stages of implementing modified riskmanagement based at 95 FLHF in East Java. The results show that each stage of the capitation mechanismrisk management has a strong significant influence on each other. The results provide recommendation thatFLHF should improve the understanding and awareness of the risks and expected to be able to apply riskmanagement cycle as a whole.
Effectiveness of Cervical and Upper Shoulder Stabilization Exercises in Subjects With Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Associated with Neck Pain Raj Mhatre; Smita Pati
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14382

Abstract

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is an immunological mediated, chronic inflammatory multisystem diseasewhich involves inflammation of the peripheral joint. Ra affects about 24.5 million people as of 2015 and theincidence rate is more dominated amongst female. Historically the involvement of the cervical spine in laterstages of rheumatoid arthritis isn’t uncommon. Specifically, C1 and C2 are involved as they are the onlyvertebrae without intervertebral disc and synovial lining and hence they are very susceptible to inflammationdue to autoimmune reaction. The alteration in the range of motion is quite significant at the cervical spine.The biomechanics of the cervical spine and shoulder joint are interlinked with each other. The protocol ofspecific cervical and upper shoulder stabilization exercises with electrical modalities like hot-moist packand transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and short wave diathermy therapy was conducted to findout the effectiveness of scheduled, designed physiotherapy protocol of specific stabilization exercises alongwith electrotherapy for cervical spine and upper shoulder stabilization exercises to see the improvement incervical and shoulder range of motion and pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritisMethodology: An observational study was conducted in 25 patients at Karad with a study duration of 6months. The inclusion criteria were the patient with rheumatoid arthritis any age and gender willingly toparticipate. The outcome measures were universal goniometer for assessing cervical and shoulder range ofmotion, the visual analogue scale for pain assessment.Conclusion: The study concluded that there was a significant reduction in the range of motion in both thecervical spine and shoulder joint. The visual analogue scale suggests there was significant pain present inthe shoulder joint and cervical spine. Post-treatment assessment suggests the improvement in the range ofmotion and pain that leads to improvement in the quality of life.
Changes in Intra Ocular Pressure after Cataract Surgery Rajni Sethia; Nirathya Anisha Pothuri; Aditya Desai; R.N. Kothari; Aarushi Shah; Jeet Patel
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14384

Abstract

Background: Rise in Intraocular Pressure (IOP) is the major contributing factor to the pathology of glaucoma.Along with cataract, it is one of the leading causes of preventable blindness all over the world. Cataract surgerycan help reduce the IOP and our study helps confirm the same.Methods: Our study included 150 eyes of 150 patients undergoing cataract surgery by phacoemulsification bya single surgeon. Complete ocular examination was performed on all the patients which included uncorrected distancevisual acuity (UCVA) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) by Snellen’s chart, anterior segment by slit-lamp,IOP by Goldmann’s Applanation Tonometry (AT), gonioscopy by 4 mirror gonioscope, Anterior Chamber Depth(ACD) and Axial Length (AL) by A-scan. IOP measurements were taken between 9am and 10am.Conclusion: Our study divided the patients into 3 groups based on IOP i.e., <15, 15-19, and 19-23 mmHg of IOP.All the 3 groups showed a lesser IOP post cataract surgery. There was a significant decrease in IOP whenbaseline was compared with post op week 1, week 4 and week 12. Therefore our study confirms that cataract surgerywith PCIOL causes reduction in IOP which remains sustained for months.
Trends of Fatal Poisoning in Jhalawar Region of Rajasthan: A 5 - Year Retrospective Study Ramakant Verma; Khushpal Singh Rathore; Bhavesh Bohra
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14385

Abstract

India is predominantly an agriculture based economy. Problem of poisoning is one of the importantcauses of mortality and morbidity in India and other agriculture based developing countries due to easyavailability, low cost and no restriction on sale and supply of insecticidal compounds. The aim of this studyis to find out the association of episodes of fatal poisoning with various factors like age, gender, area ofresidence, religion, occupation type of poison and manner of death. This retrospective study was carriedout on total poisoning cases brought to mortuary of Jhalawar Medical College and associated group ofhospitals, Jhalawar (Rajasthan) in 5 year duration from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2018. In thisstudy maximum cases of poisoning were of age group 21 - 30 year, incidence were more among malesbelonged to rural population who were involved in agricultural work. Majority of poisoning cases were dueto Organophosphorus compounds.
A-b Ridge Count and Its Correlation with Epilepsy Rashmi C Goshi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14386

Abstract

The study of ridges of skin is called dermatoglyphics. It is recognized as a valuable method for medicolegaland anthropological studies. The permanency of the finger patterns, the extreme variability from oneindividual to the other and easy analysis are some of the reasons for its wide applications in a varietyof conditions. Dermatoglyphic patterns are determined by genetic factors. It has been proved that geneticfactors are responsible for idiopathic epilepsy. Hence there is a scope for the study of relationship betweenepilepsy and dermatoglyphic patterns.Objectives : • To study the A-b ridge count in generalized tonic clonic seizure patients.• To compare this dermatoglyphic configuration of cases with the normal population.Methods : The ink method was followed to take finger and palm prints. The palmar prints of 50 epilepticpatients and 50 normal individuals of both sexes were collected for the study.Conclusion: There is no significant association found between a-b ridge count and epilepsy patients whencompared to normal.

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