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Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 403   404   405   406   407 
Oral Health Status of 12-15 Years Old School Going Children in Lucknow City Rashmi Lata; Shitanshu Malhotra; Madhusudan Krishna; Manu Narayan; Om Veer Singh; Neeraj Kumar
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14387

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate oral health status of 12-15 years old school going children in Lucknow.Material and Method: The study was carried out during January 2019 to August 2019. Total 1200 schoolgoing children of age 12 to 15 years were taken in this study. Schools were selected by multistage randomsampling technique. There were total 814 schools in the Lucknow, out of which 24 schools were taken inthe study area in which 11 were government schools and remaining 13 were private schools. Closed-endedquestionnaire consisting of demographic data, three questions of oral hygiene practices and four indiceswere used. Dental examination was done to assess the dental caries status, oral hygiene status, presence ofmalocclusion and gingival status. Data was analysed by using SPSS software version 21.Results: Toothpaste and toothpowder were used as material by 73.2% and 25.3% of the subjects respectively.The maximum DMFT scores was seen among 12 years, then 15 years, then 14 years and least in 13 years.Maximum 13 years old students reported fair oral hygiene index. The comparison of study participants withregard to age of the student was not found to be significant.Conclusion: To conclude, the results of the present study confirmed that there is increased prevalence ofmalocclusion among children in the 12 to 15 year age group. Among all the age group, oral hygiene statuswas observed to be fair.
Nanotechnology: A New Strategy to Treat Dental Hypersensitivity Rini Behera; Naomi Ranjan Singh; Satabdi Pattnaik; Siba Prasad Jena; Priyanka Paul Madhu; Vinitha Annavarjula
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14388

Abstract

Dental Hypersensitivity is the most commonly encountered dental problems associated with short, sharp painrising from exposed dentine in response to stimuli such as tactile, osmotic and chemical. Hypersensitivitymay present on several teeth, in one area of the mouth, or on one specific tooth. DHS should be differentiatedfrom another tooth sensitivity which may elicit from other clinical conditions such as dental caries,microleakage, cracked tooth or fractured restorations. Several treatment strategies such as desensitizationof nerve endings, masking of dentin tubules, occlusion of dentin tubules, and iontophoresis, are prevalentin clinical practices. Stannous ions, most commonly used in toothpastes as stannous fluoride, have beendemonstrated to occlude dentine tubules in vitro. SnF2 toothpaste formulations have been used for severaldecades and are widely accepted as an effective DH treatment. Recently advanced nanotechnology has takena wide leap in improving the various measures in the treatment of hypersensitivity by its nano particles.Nano structures have superior hardness, elasticity and flexural strength leading to its better application.Biomimetic particles desensitizing effect of nanocrystals which is caused by the progressive closure of thetubular openings of the dentine with plugs. These advancements have progressed the growth in the treatmentof Dental Hypersensitivity and have evoked a great amount of attention for improving disease prevention.
Correlation of Lipid Profile with Thyroid Stimulating Hormone in Pregnant Females Roshni G. Sadaria; Tejas J. Shah; Smita N. Vasava
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14389

Abstract

Introduction: Pregnancy is a state which requires more metabolic fuels. Changes in the hormonal levelsin pregnancy alter lipid profile also in pregnant women. Thyroid hormone abnormality without any historyof thyroid disease may lead to alteration of triglycerides, phospholipids, total cholesterol, and variouslipoproteins levels in pregnancy which increases the risk for CVS disease.Aim: The aim of the study is to find out the association among TSH and lipid profile in pregnant females.Materials and Methods: The observational study was conducted at Biochemistry Department, SBKSMedical Institute & Research Center, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India. 100 antenatal cases from wereenrolled after taking an informed consent. 50 pregnant women were in 2nd trimester and 50 pregnant womenwere in 3rd trimester. Blood samples were drawn to estimate lipid profile and TSH. Interpretation of data wasdone using Medcalc software.Results: The mean level of TSH was 1.71(1.26) in 2nd trimester pregnant females and 2.68(0.72) in 3rdtrimester pregnant females, difference between them was statistically significant. Significant negativecorrelation was found between TSH and total cholesterol in 3rd trimester pregnancy. There was a significantpositive correlation was seen between TSH and triglyceride and between TSH and VLDL in 3rd trimester.Conclusion: Significant increase in TSH level is found in 3rd trimester pregnant females compare to 2ndtrimester pregnant females. Significant correlation is also found between TSH and lipid profile in 3rdtrimester. Regular checkups of Thyroid hormones are required in later stages of pregnancy to prevent furthercomplications.
Thyroid Profile and Its Correlation with Serum Creatinine in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Tertiary Care Hospital Roshni G. Sadaria; Smita N. Vasava
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14390

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as abnormalities in kidney structure or functionpresent for > 3 months and have other health implications. Thyroid hormones are important for electrolytehomeostasis and also for the growth and development of the kidney. Study shows that hypothyroidism iscommonly seen in later stages of CKD. This study was conducted to investigate thyroid hormone profile andits correlation with creatinine in CKD patients.Materials and Methods: The present case control study was conducted at Dhiraj General Hospital, Piparia,Vadodara, Gujarat, India in which 100 subjects were enrolled, out of which 50 were cases of CKD patientsand 50 were controls. The age group for the study was 18 to 70 years. Blood samples were drawn to measureblood urea, serum creatinine, thyroid profile. Interpretation of data was done using Medcalc software.Conclusion: Serum TSH levels were high in cases compared to controls but results were not significant.Significant negative correlation was found between free thyroid hormones and serum creatinine. Correlationof creatinine with T3, T4 and TSH were not significant. Subclinical hypothyroidism is found in our populationwith undialyzed CKD. More studies involving large population size are required to ascertain these findings.
Association of BMI with Serum Homocysteine in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Women Roshni G. Sadaria; Smita N. Vasava
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14391

Abstract

Background: Women of reproductive age group are prone for Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Recentstudies have shown that hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Prevalence ofcardiovascular disease and cardiovascular morbidities in women with PCOS are increased nowadays. Thepurpose of the study is to assess correlation of BMI with serum homocysteine in PCOS females.Materials and Methods: This is done on 50 PCOS patients and 50 voluntary age matched healthy womenwith no menstrual abnormalities as controls. The age group for the cases and controls is 18-35 years. Thestudy was conducted at Biochemistry Department, SBKS MI & RC, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.Measurements of BMI and waist circumference were taken. Fasting blood samples were collected forestimation of FBS, Lipid profile and homocysteine. Medcalc software was used for all statistical analysis. Ap-value less than 0.05 (p< 0.05) is considered as statistically significant.Conclusion: Our study has shown significant higher levels of homocysteine in obese PCOS cases whencompared with non-obese PCOS cases. Also, significant higher level of homocysteine and triglyceride areseen in PCOS cases compared to controls. Regular follow up for lipid profile and homocysteine is requiredfor PCOS patients to prevent CVS complications.
Refugees in the COVID-19 Rubina Grewal; R.L.Koul
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14392

Abstract

COVID-19 brought about most unprecedented public health and socio-economic crisis in our lifetime. Itaffects us all, especially the vulnerable populations, which refugees and migrants often find themselves in.COVID-19 could have even more dire consequences in refugees camps than in general populations.Refugeesand migrants are potentially at increased risk of contracting diseases, including COVID-19, because theytypically live in overcrowded conditions without access to basic sanitation. The ability to access health-careservices in humanitarian settings is usually compromised and exacerbated by shortages of medicines andlack of health-care facilities. Moreover, refugees typically face administrative, financial, legal and languagebarriers to access the health system.Forced migration is at record highs in 2020, with around 70.8 million people around the world being forciblydisplaced. The risk of communicating the novel covid 19 increases in case of the refugees because theycome from the diverse regions of the world which might be facing a higher risk to lives due to the pandemic.Therefore, the health professionals need to be more vigilant.As the COVID-19 situation around the world changes, CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)is monitoring COVID-19 risk in each destination and making travel recommendations. Travel HealthNotices inform travelers and clinicians about current health issues that impact travelers’ health, like diseaseoutbreaks, special events or gatherings, and natural disasters, in destinations around the world.The sudden outbreak of the pandemic has posed a serious ultimatum to the world of providing propershelter, asylum and healthcare facilities to the refugees. However, public health professionals, communityorganizations as World Health Organization (WHO) and UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR),resettlement agencies, and healthcare providers can assist refugees arriving in the United States by providingthem with information they need to protect themselves from COVID-19.
Psychosocial Impact of Lockdown Due to Novel Corona Virus Covid 19 among Medical Undergraduate Students Rupali Sarode; Shashank Gotarkar; Prakash Mohite; Sourya Acharya; Samarth Shukla
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14393

Abstract

Background: The outbreak of Novel Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) which started in the late 2019,in Wuhan in Hubei province of China because of its high infectivity and fatality rate, has caused universalpsychosocial impact on people Mass fear of COVID-19, termed as “Coronaphobia”, has generated a plethoraof psychiatric manifestations across the different strata of the society. So, this study has been undertaken todefine psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on Medical graduants with an objective to assess the reasons forbreaking the lockdown and the level of psychosocial impact of lockdown on a Medical graduants duringthe COVID-19 lockdown period. A cross sectional prospective study was done on 285 students of First tofinal year MBBS Validated Psychosocial Impact Scale was used for data collection. The results showedthe intensity of negative impact of lockdown on the students studying in medical college. 18.60% studentsshowed normal response to the lockdown situation in this COVID 19 pandemic. 47.72% students showedborderline negative impact of lockdown. 29.12 students had mild negative impact, 4.56 % students hadmoderate negative impact and no student found to be in range of severe negative impact of lockdown.
Ajan Vruksha/ Khandu Chakka (Ehretia Laevis Roxb). Plant Leaves as A Effective Healer in Chronic Varicose Vein Ulcer. – A Case Report Rushikesh Thakre; Preeti Sujit Borkar; Ketaki Harne; Pradip Tekade
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14394

Abstract

Introduction— Varicose vein ulcer is caused by abnormal function of veins due to chronic vein insufficiency,vein damage, ageing, obesity, congestive heart failure. Ehretia Laevis Roxb. plant is traditionally used forwounds(1) . Also its efficacy is tested in various wounds except chronic varicose ulcer.(2)The main symptoms of the patient and the important clinical findings:- Patient having swelling, rednessat right foot, yellowish pus discharge, blackness of skin and presence of ulcer since three years with severepain and inability to perform his regular dutiesThe main diagnoses, therapeutics interventions, and outcomes:- Patient having chronic varicosevein ulcer at right leg since three years. Ehretia Laevis Roxb. leaves paste was prepared under all asepticprecaution and daily dressing of Ehretia Laevis Roxb. paste done on wound. Severe pain was reduced within48 hrs after application of paste, which was significant finding. Wound was healed within 40 days withoutany complication and use of antibiotics and pain killerConclusion— Patient was very happy as he got immediate relief from pain and his wound was healedwithout any invasive procedures by application of Ehretia Laevis Roxb. leaves paste.
Internal Use of Ajan Vruksha/ Khandu Chakka (Ehretia Laevis Roxb). Plant Leaves Powder in Shoulder Pain Management. – Case Report Rushikesh Thakre; Abhyuday Meghe; Ketaki Thakre; Pradip Tekade
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14395

Abstract

Introduction— Shoulder pain and stiffness are common features among working women. It is affectingtheir day to day life style.The main symptoms of the patient and the important clinical findings:- Patient was suffering fromsevere pain in right shoulder with restricted movement of right shoulder from 8 days. Patient was assessedby ( SPADI) Shoulder Pain & Disability Index.The main diagnoses, therapeutics interventions, and outcomes:- Ehretia Laevis Roxb. leaves powdercapsules was made up of 250 mg. Patient was advised to take two capsules in morning and two capsules atnight after food. Daily 1 gm powder was administered internally for 7 daysOn the day zero pain score was 80%, on third day of treatment pain score was 54% and on seventh day painscore was 0. On the day zero disability score was 95%, on third day disability score was 55% and on seventhday score was 0.Conclusion—. Patient cured from pain and shoulder disability by internal use of Ehretia Laevis Roxb.leaves powder within seven days
Evaluation of Ehretia Laevis Roxb. (Khandu Chakka/Ajan Vruksha) in the Wound Healing Adjudged by Histological Examination of the Tissue Rushikesh Thakre; Arvinda Bhake; Pradip Tekade; Ketaki Harne; Preeti Sujit Borkar
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14397

Abstract

Many herbal plants are mentioned in Ayurveda for wound healing. Folklore medicine for various ailmentsincluding wound healing is being practiced in India. Ehretia Laevis Roxb. contains many such chemicalcompounds useful for promotion of healing & repair. Tissue renewal goes hand in hand with inflammationinfluenced by multiple processes. Ehretia Laevis Roxb. called Khandu Chakka & Ajan Vruksha andtraditionally being used for wound healing, body pain & minor fractures in the form of local application byfolklore in the state of Maharashtra India. Objectives of the present study is to know the effect of EhretiaLaevis Roxb. in the wound healing on the histological parameters in animal model. Phenytoin ointmentas a control was used. The present study has found put that leaf extract paste of Ehretia Laevis Roxb.has enhanced the process of wound healing ascertained on histological parameters as compared to topicalphenytoin application. Ehretia Laevis Roxb. paste is found to be immensely useful at wound healing ascompared to Phenytoin. Ehretia Laevis Roxb. is concluded to promote the healing significantly as observedby feature of granulation, collagenisation & re epithelisation of the wounds suggesting early healing byprimary intension

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