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<![CDATA[Evaluation of Molecular and Culture Method for Detection of Campylobacter, Salmonella, E. coli and Shigella in children infected with Diarrhea ]]>
<![CDATA[Saife D. Al-Ahmer]]>;
<![CDATA[Musa K. Al-Janabi]]>;
<![CDATA[Iman M. Aufi]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.16635
<![CDATA[Acute diarrhea is the second most common cause of children deaths worldwide. Bacterial pathogens havebeen confirmed as the major cause of acute diarrhea among children. In this study, 100 stool samples wereinvestigated from pediatric children with acute diarrheal illness aged from 1 month to 5 years old. Bacterialinvestigated was performed for the common enteric pathogens: Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, andDiarrheagenic Escherichia coli included Microscopy, culture and confirmatory identification by biochemicalreactions included API 20E system. Finally, the real time PCR investigated for these enteric bacteria. Theoverall prevalence of the pathogens for Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella and Diarrheagenic E. coli were9%, 8%, 3% and 14%, respectively. The results showed significant association of the clinical symptoms withShigella and Salmonella infection. The RT-PCR markedly improves the detection rates of bacterial stoolpathogens and offers culture methods.]]>
<![CDATA[Creditability of Cardiac Biomarkers in Sudden Cardiac Death ]]>
<![CDATA[Tamara Ablahad Hanna]]>;
<![CDATA[Muataz A. AL-Qazzaz]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.16636
<![CDATA[Background: Natural deaths constitute a significant portion of total deaths cases received for autopsy ingeneral. Cardiovascular system occupies the vast majority of natural death causes. Sudden cardiac deathis a catastrophic complication of a number of cardiovascular diseases and affect all ages. Death is mostlyunexpected and has a devastating impact on both the surviving family and community. Clinicians use cardiacmarkers, highly sensitive and specific for detection of myocardial damage to screen living patients for acutemyocardial infarction (AMI), however to that point, the utility of those markers for diagnosis of cardiacdeath in autopsy setting has not been fully established. Materials and Methods: A prospective postmortemcase control study was carried out on 103 medico-legal cases referred to the Medico-Legal directorate inBaghdad during 6 months period in 2020. The cases under study were classified in to two groups, those dieddue to cardiac causes (53) as cases group, and those died due to traumatic causes (50) as control group. Bloodsamples were collected using disposable syringes to withdraw 3-5ml of blood then immediately centrifugedto separate the serum and stored at -20°C till biochemical analysis for cardiac biomarkers (High sensitivetroponin I, MB fraction of Creatin kinase and Lactate dehydrogenase). Results: Males constituted 77%from the total number while females constituted 23%. The mean age of the total study group was 42.57±15.125 years with a range between 11-72 years. The total number of cases group were 53 case( 77% maleand 23% female) with a mean age of 48.89±12.566, compared with 50 cases as controls group from the totalnumber(76%male and 24% female) with mean age of 35.88±14.825. Sensitivity of High sensitive troponinI was 96.2% which was acceptable and it’s specificity for diagnosis of sudden cardiac causes of death was22% which was very low. While Sensitivities of MB fraction of Creatin kinase and Lactate dehydrogenasewere 96.2% and 94.3% respectively and their specificities were 6% and 14% respectively. There were nocorrelations between post mortem interval and all three biochemical parameters levels. Conclusion: Highsensitive troponin I, MB fraction of Creatin kinase and Lactate dehydrogenase were not reliable as diagnosticbiomarkers for sudden cardiac deaths without gross postmortem and histopathological examination. Therewere no correlations between the three biomarkers (High sensitive troponin I, MB fraction of Creatin kinaseand Lactate dehydrogenase) and the post mortem interval .]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Biofertilizer and Spraying Phenylalanine on Mineral Content and Antioxidant Compounds of Dill ]]>
<![CDATA[Thamena Farhan Kadhom Sachet]]>;
<![CDATA[Maher H. S. Al-Mohammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamal Ahmed Abbass]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.16637
<![CDATA[The field experiment was carried out in a private field in Babil Governorate, Abi Ghark district, for the winterseasons 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 to study the effect of biological fertilizer and phenylalanine spraying onthe content of the shoots and seeds of oil and some active compounds. The treatments were distributed in aglobal experiment according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Theexperiment included two factors, the first is the bacterial vaccine Azotobacter chroococcum with two levels(inoculum and without inoculation) and the second is spraying with the amino acid Phenylalanine in threeconcentrations 0, 75 and 150 ml-1. The averages were compared according to the LSD test at a probabilitylevel of 0.05. The results showed that the treatment of biological fertilizer and spraying with the amino acidPhenylalanine was significantly superior in all the studied traits, which included the oil yield (gm.plant-1),the percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and the shoots content of total phenols (mg.kg-1) andtotal flavonoids (mg.kg-1) and total flavonoids (mg. . Kg-1), percentage of free radical suppression and totalantioxidant capacity (mg. 100 g-1). The best results were when the two-way treatment (bio-fertilizer×150ml.1-Phenylalanine), which gave the highest oil yield of 0.677 and 0.907 g. Plant-1, for the two seasonsrespectively, compared with the comparison treatment that gave the lowest yield for both seasons of theexperiment.]]>
<![CDATA[Correlation of TNF 308 Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Respiratory Disease ]]>
<![CDATA[Shaimaa H. Al -Dulaimi]]>;
<![CDATA[Adel M. Rabee]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.16639
<![CDATA[l Both genotypic and allelic frequency of rs1800629 show in significant difference between concrete laborers and healthy controls. Nevertheless the frequency of A allele was insignificantly increase in laborers (20%) than in controls (14%) (P = 0.077; OR = 1.61; 95% CI = 0.72 to 3.58). After analyzing the relationship between TNFaserum levels of laborers and genotype of TNF-a-308G/A, we detected the laborers that carrying the GA and AA genotypes had significantly higher levels of TNFacompared to GG genotype carriers of rs1800629 ( P< 0.01). Consequently, our information proposed that TNF-a-308G/A variation was linked to risk of respiratory disease in concrete laborers. Moreover, we also identified TNF-a-308 A allele was the risk factor for concrete laborers in Iraqi population.]]>
<![CDATA[Efficacy of Dhataki ghrit Tulle in Comparison with Framycetine Sulphate Tulle in Management of Dusta Vrana ]]>
<![CDATA[Satyam S. Supare]]>;
<![CDATA[Kiran khandare]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.16642
<![CDATA[Background: Since life, humans have been susceptible to injury caused by wound healing deficiency.Modalities are needed to treat wounds from very early developmental stages. Ayurveda has various treatmentmodalities mentioned in texts for treatment of vrana. Modalities have been described in the form of localapplication, oral medication as per the stages and sadhyasadhyata of disease. Local use of ghrita with harbalformation is best practice for acharyas from ancient times until now. Aims and Objectives: Efficacy ofDhataki ghrit tulles in the management of Dusta vrana in comparison with Framycetine sulphate tulles. Andto study the effect of dhataki ghrit , plain ghrit and framycitene sulphate on dusta vrana. Methodology: inthis study total 210 patient will be divided randomly into 3 groups (70 each).In group A ( Experimental) Dhataki Grita tulle will be applied on wound locally in group B(Control) PlainGo ghrita will be applied and in group C(control) Framycetine sulplate tulle will be applied . Assessment willbe recorded as per criteria. Results: Changes will be observed in objective outcomes. Conclusion: Dhatakighrit tulle may be the best and cheap modality used as dressing material. Will be drown as per sutaible data.]]>
<![CDATA[Association between Cathecol -O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Val 158 Met Polymorphisms and Psychosocial Stressors in Torajanese Schizophrenic Patients ]]>
<![CDATA[Lisal T Sonny]]>;
<![CDATA[Tanra Andi Jayalangkara]]>;
<![CDATA[AndaSantiwati]]>;
<![CDATA[Bahar Burhanuddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahid Isra]]>;
<![CDATA[Syamsuddin Saidah]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.16828
<![CDATA[Objectives: TheTorajanese has a ritual tradition for the dead and marriage ceremonies from generation togeneration on a large-scale; this is one of the cultural factor that influences the evolution of genetic adaptation.Increased incidence of schizophrenia annually is often associated with Cathecol-O-Methyltransferase(COMT) Val 158 Met polymorphisms as one of the genes causing schizophrenia. This study was aimedto determine the association between Cathecol -O- Methyltrnasferase Val 158 Met polymorphisms andpsychosocial stressors with schizophrenia in Torajanese schizophrenia patients.Method: This was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional analytical description. There were 210 subjectsdivided equally into 3 groups, namely the Torajanese schizophrenia group with three subsequent generations(n = 70), normal Torajanese group (n = 70) and normal non-Torajanese group (n = 70). This study wasconducted at Hasanuddin University Hospital and its network. PCR and RFLP examination were used forCathecol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Val 158 Met polymorphism. Questionnaire was used to assess thepsychosocial stressors.Result: There was a significant difference in the distribution of genotypes between the Torajaneseschizophrenia group and the normal Torajanese group, between the normal Torajanese group and the thenormal non-Torajanese group (p <0.05). There were 3 genotypes in Cathecol -O-Methyltransferase (COMT)Val 158 Met polymorphisms in Torajanese, namely Val/Val, Val/Met and Met/Met; and for the 140 subjectsof the Torajanese, the amount of Val/Val genotypes was 104 (74.3 %) subjects, Val/Met genotype was 32(22.9%) subjects and Met/Met genotype was 4 (2.9%) subjects. It was found that 66 (47.1%) subjects hadpsychosocial stressors and 74 (52.9%) subjects didn’t have psychosocial stressor.Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between Cathecol -O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Val158 Met polymorphisms and Torajanese schizophrenia group. There was a significant association betweenpsychosocial stressors and Torajanese schizophrenia group. There was no significant difference in PANSSscores on the COMT Val 158 Met polymorphism genotypes.]]>
<![CDATA[Production, Purification and Characterization of Bacteriocin Produced by Novel L. Pentosus MW857478 for Enhancement of Food Safety and Shelf-Life of Paneer ]]>
<![CDATA[Verinder virk]]>;
<![CDATA[Garima Verma]]>;
<![CDATA[Chand Ram]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17396
<![CDATA[This research paper is based upon the production, purification and characterization of bacteriocin byL.pentosusMW857478 followed by its enhancement of food safety and shelf life of paneer. In recentyear LAB (Lactic acid bacteria) produced bacteriocin attract a great attention of researcher due totheir many potential applications. This paper focused on isolation, identification, evaluation of broadspectrum inhibitory activity, production and purification, characterization and evaluation of food safetyand shelf life of paneer. Bcateriocin produced by L. pentosus showed antagonistic activity against foodspoiling pathogens in broad range of Bacteriocin production parameter was optimized with pH 5.5incubated at 35°C for L. pentosus. Bacteriocin was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation andpurified bacteriocin with single band on SDS-PAGE for molecular weight. The purified bacteriocinstable at 2-10 pH and 30-75°C temperatures, suggesting L. pentosus a potent candidates for safety andextending shelf life of paneer for 15 days.]]>
<![CDATA[Anti-Hyperlipidemia Effects of Sijukkot Leaf Extract Ethanol (Lactuca Indica) ]]>
<![CDATA[Ida Duma Riris]]>;
<![CDATA[Saronom S ilaban]]>;
<![CDATA[Marini Damanik]]>;
<![CDATA[Nora Susanti]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i2.18090
<![CDATA[Lactuca indica from Indonesia (Humbang Hasundutan) is a plant used to treat as antihyperlipidemia :Cholesterol, Trigliserida (TG), High Density Lippoprotein (HDL), Low Density Lippoprotein (LDL),on 28 male rats of the wistar strain (Rattus norvegicus) that have been given high-fat diets were given to3 control groups, namely rats given standard feed, groups of rats given standard and high-fat diets, andgroups of rats given simvastatin with treatment for 21 days. The groups with different doses were 100mg/kg bw, 200 mg/kg bw, 300 mg/kg bw and 400 mg/kg bw. Giving the ethanol extract of the leaves ofthe sijukkot plant has an effect on reducing total cholesterol levels. With the analysis obtained that theShapiro-Wilk Normality Test with a sig value > 0.05, the data is normally distributed. The results of theanalysis in the Test of Homogeneity of Variances table obtained a Sig value of 0.510. Cholesterol SigValue 0.510 > 0.05; TG 0.102>0.05; HDL 0.01 <0.05 and LDL 0.257> 0.05. Thus, the ethanolic extractof sijukkot leaves gave a positive effect on cholesterol levels in the serum lipid profile of High DensityLippoprotein (HDL and Low Density Lippoprotein (LDL).]]>
<![CDATA[Pattern and Distribution of Injuries from the Fall from the Height in Fatal Cases in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Chennai ]]>
<![CDATA[G. Amritha Sulthana]]>;
<![CDATA[Yuhesh Somasundaram]]>;
<![CDATA[Shankar Subramanian]]>;
<![CDATA[Manoharan Chellasamy]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 3 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i3.18238
<![CDATA[Background: The second leading cause for the injury related deaths is fall from height. The injuries fatalitiesdepends on the height of fall and its impact surface. Landing position is also considered as an important parameter.Aim: The aim of the study is to study the pattern and distribution of injuries from the fall from height in fatal cases.Methodology: This study includes 100 cases of victims brought to the tertiary care hospital with the history of fallfrom the height. The cases were brought from the accident site or after death as a consequence of fall in this tertiarycare hospital. During autopsy all the relevant details like basic details and the injury details like dimensions,injurytypes and the primary impact site were taken. Blood and urine examination were done for finding alcohol anddrugs. Data entered in MS excel and analysis done in SPSS 23 software. P value <0.05 is considered to be significant.Results: Majority of the study participants belongs to 31-40 years of age group(30%) followed by 41-50 years of age(18%). Male predominance was observed in our study (90%).34% were daily labours. The most common externalinjury is abrasion noted in 90% of the study participants. The most common primary impact site was head (50%)followed by backside (12%).Conclusion: Fall from heights cause significant morbidity and mortality. It is important to create awareness amongthe workers and to provide safety gears for the persons working in construction sites.]]>
<![CDATA[A Case Report on a Dead Man Walking in a Rural University of South Africa ]]>
<![CDATA[BL MEEL]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 3 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i3.18239
<![CDATA[Background: Abuse of power in rural universitiesis less visible to the public but widely prevalent.Myriad formsofcorruption are prevalent in the rural university concerned. Productive staff is generallyappreciated and awarded inmost universities but in this rural university, they get punished, terminated, or subjected to disciplinary inquiries.Objective: To report on the abuse of power and difficultiesof an academic in a rural university of south Africa.Case History: X was an employee of the department of health and affiliated with the local University in a dualsystem of employment where he has served the university for over two decades (1996 to 2018). He underwentpersistent harassment, bullying,and dehumanization in his early period of employment. It progressively evolvedtoa more serious form with disciplinary inquiries, suspension, stoppage of salary, and birthday bonus. Themanagers of this rural university tried hard repeatedly to carry out constructive termination but failed. Mr. Xretired after his completion of age 65 with respect and appreciation. The history, duration, and different designs ofabuse of power havebeen described in this report.Conclusion: It isguilty, to be honest, and hardworking in a rural university in South Africa as it functions like asecretive society.]]>
