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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Complemetary Feeding Practices Influences of Stunting Children in Buginese Ethnicity Sirajuddin1,2,6, Saifuddin Sirajuddin3 , Veny Hadju3 , Toto Sudargo4 , Rudy Hartono1,6, Agustian Ipa
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10563

Abstract

Background. Breast milk and complementary foods are very influential variables in the nutritional status of children. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for stunting in the Bugis ethnic group in Makassar based on breastfeeding factors, complementary foods for breast milk Method. There is a cross-sectional study in this study. The sample size in this research was 300 subjects in Makassar City. Enumerators in this study were students of the Applied Nutrition & Dietetic Bachelor Program in the Nutrition Department of the Health Polytechnic Makassar, Indonesia, and the Nutrition Department Students at Science University Management. Research ethics was obtained at the Makassar Health Polytechnic Ethics Commission. Stunting risk factor data analysis with logistic regression test. Reliability and validity analysis of Bugis ethnic feeding style care with explanatory factor analysis, and Content Validity. Confirmatory factor analysis with Bartlett’s and The KMO Coefficient. The results of the study note that the risk factor for stunting is a child factor that is good appetite being a protective variable with a significance value of p = 0,000, OR 0.289 (0.185-0.480). Factors for breastfeeding (frequency of breastfeeding), p = 0.013, OR 1.99 (1.148-3.173). The conclusion is that the risk factor for stunting is breastfeeding. The suggestion is that education about good breastfeeding practices among ethnic Bugis caregivers needs to be done at the family level.
Effect of Purified prodigiosin from Serratia Marcescens on the Inhibition of Breast Cancer (MCF-7 and CAL-51 Cell Line) Taif H. Hassan1 , Sawsan H. Authaman1 , Khawlah J. Khalaf1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10564

Abstract

The prodigiosin pigment was extracted from Serratia marcescens bacteria by using different methods such as by using ethyl acetate and acetone and purified by using column cahromatography , Detection and characterization of the pigment was done by using Thin layer chromatography and ? max, The purified Prodigiosin was dissolved in DMSO solvent and prepared in four concentration (1000, 500, 250, 125) µg/ ml at exposure time 24 hrs so it was used in treating MCF7 and CAL-51 cell line, the result showed that the inhibition ratio against MCF-7 was significant (p < 0.001) and maximum ratio of inhibition was 83% at conc. of 1000 µg/ml , 78% at 500 µg/ml , 73% at 250 µg/ml and 72% at 125 µg/ml while inhibition ratio against CAL-51 was also significant (p < 0.001) and 78% inhibition ratio was seen at conc. of 1000 µg/ml , 61% at 500 µg/ml , 27% at 250 µg/ml and 14% at 125 µg/ml , effect of the solvent DMSO on tumor cells also was studied and compared to the effect of prodigiosin and result showed that there was no effect or slightly effect of the solvent DMSO on MCF-7 tumor cells.(Inhibition was 6% ,13% ,16% , 22% for conc. 125 , 250 , 500 , 1000 µg/ml respectively) also there was no effect or slightly effect of the solvent DMSO on tumor CAL-51 cells.(Inhibition was 2% , 8% , 21% , 26% for conc. 125 ,250,500, 1000 µg/ml respectively) .
The Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus Infections among People Screened in Governmental Health Care Facilities in 2018 in Iraq Yasmeen J.Al-Bayaa1 , Zainab A. Hamid 1 , Ali H. Bayati2 , Sarmad M. Zeiny1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10565

Abstract

Background: The HCV the objectives of this study were to estimate the incidence of HCV infection (anti-HCV antibodies) in Iraq. Methodology: The criteria for diagnosis of HCV infection included new seroconversion manifested by the presence of positive HCV antibodies by screening tests and ascertained this result by confirmatory assays in the year 2018. The patients with HCV positive seroconversion recorded before 2018 are excluded from HCV incidence in 2018. The primarily positive cases were tested by anti-HCV antibodies confirmatory test prior to recording as new HCV infected cases. A sample size of 97,290 persons from the all 18 Iraqi governorates was enrolled in this study. Results: Among 97,290 persons screened for HCV antibodies, 576 new HCV infections were recorded as newly infected with incidence rate of 5.9:1000 among all Iraqi governorates in 2018. The highest incidence was reported in Baghdad-Resafa, Diwaniya, and Sulaymaniyah, and they were 15.2:1000, 13.7:1000, and 13.2:1000 respectively; the lowest incidence rates were registered in Erbil, Diyala, and Najaf and the results were zero, 0.32, and 0.53 respectively. In all Iraqi governorates, the highest incidence of HCV infection was at the age group 15–45 years and the lowest was in age group 1-4 years. For the total 576 new HCV recorded infections, 296 were males and 280 were females, with male to female ratio of 1:1.1. Conclusion: The incidence rate of HCV infection is high among people screened for anti-HCV Abs in Iraq in the year 2018 especially in Baghdad-Resafa, nearly both genders are equally affected and HCV infection is mostly recorded in age group 15-45 years. The HCV screening program should be achieved in all regions of Iraq and for all the required population groups, and it should be a compulsory measure.
Deleted Maysam Riyadh Mohammed Hussein1 , Sadiq Jabar Almohana2 , Hayder Nadhum Muhsen3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10566

Abstract

a
Molecular and Phylogenetic Study of Sarcocystis Gigantia from Different Slaughterhouse Regions in Karbala province Kawther A.M. Al-Mussawi 1, Hayder A. Muhammed 2 , Saja A. M. Al-Saadi 3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10567

Abstract

Sarcocystis diseases caused a serious illness in sheep flock which inducing decrease of growth conversion rates and complete or partial loss of carcasses at the abattoirs, This article which described an prevalence of parasites Sarcocystis gigantea in sheep slaughtered in a farm in kerbala governerate, Iraq, and performed a phylogenetic analysis by using the Euclidean distances calculation from the Sarcosystis gigntea nucleotide frequencies around the world sarcosystis genomes. Fifty sheep showed multiple nodules in the esophagus that were microscopically characterized as encapsulated cysts filled with elongated, nucleated structures morphologically consistent with S. gigantea bradyzoites. The preverlance and species of Sarcocystis gigantia were revealed as 10% (5 out f 50) for the macroscopic sarcosystis , the shape of these cysts were resembled to oval and pear shape, the sensitivity of Polymerase chain reaction was 75% with 95% of confidence intervals 19.41% to 99.37% and the specificity was 95.65% with 95% of confidence intervals 85.16% to 99.47%. Our results suggest that oligonucleotide sequences were useful for estimation of Sarcocystis gigntea phylogenetic relationships for closely related species.
An in Vitro Study to Evaluate Antibacterial Effect Thymus Vulgaris Essential Oil Against Porphyromonas Gingivalis in Kurdistan– Iraq Hama Rash A1 , Kareem S2 , Hamaamin H 3 , Qadr K3 , Salih S4, Azeez S2 , Sha A5
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10568

Abstract

Purpose: Porphyromonas gingivalis is a keystone among perio-pathogengenic bacteria to initiate periodontitis and treatment is better when the periodontal pathogens including Porphyromonas gingivalis are totally eliminated. The essential oil of Thymus vulgaris has many bioactive constituents having antimicrobial activity against many bacteria. This study investigates the antibacterial effect of this extracts against Porphyromonas gingivalis. Methods: Sub gingival plaque samples were collected from individuals having periodontitis with the probing pocket depth of at least 6mm; Conventional microbiological tests and molecular technique used for confirmation of Porphyromonas gingivalis, hydrodistillation method was used for extraction of essential oil. Antibacterial activity of the extract against Porphyromonas gingivalis has been determined by using two fold serial dilution method to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Result: the essential oil extracted from Thymus vulgaris demonstrated antimicrobial effect against Porphyromonas gingivalis growth. Conclusion:The extract was able to demonstrate inhibitory and bactericidal activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis. Further studies should focus on the use of Thymus vulgaris essential oil in the treatment of periodontitis.
Salivary and Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase and Alanine Aminotransferase in An Uncontrolled Diabetic Patients Dunya malhan henweet1, Amina Ryhan Diajal2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10570

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder, characterized by a higher level of blood glucose resulted from either abnormality in insulin production (type1 DM) or resistance to insulin action (type 2 DM) or both. Long lasting elevated blood glucose is responsible for chronic damage, defect in function and impairment of various organs including salivary glands. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) are cellular enzymes found in all animal tissues. Aims of the Study: to estimate and compare the levels of salivary and serum AST and ALT between un controlled diabetic patients and normal control people. Subjects, Materials and Method: The study comprised 90 adults of both gender. The patients were divided into 3 groups: 30 patients with type 1 diabetics (D1), 30 patients with type 2 diabetics (D2) and 30 healthy persons as a control group (C). Serum and un stimulated salivary samples were taking for the AST, ALT evaluating using standard spectrophotometer kits. The level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured using NycoCard kit to exclude the controlled diabetic patients. Data were analyzed using statistical analysis SPSS version 24. Results: The results showed a significant increase of salivary enzymes in D1 and D2 compared to salivary enzymes of control group, while there was no significant difference in serum enzymes value among all studied groups. Conclusions: An elevation in salivary AST and ALT in both types of diabetes compared to healthy group, with higher salivary level of AST and ALT in D1 compared to D2 and to healthy control group. This may suggest that autoimmunological activity in D1 responsible for more salivary gland injury in D1 group.
Effectiveness of an Educational Program Regarding Postpartum Care on Women’s Practices in Primary Health Care Centers at Amara City /Iraq Rasha Leteef Neamah1 , Ezedeen F. Bahaaldeen2 , Iqbal Majeed Abbas3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10571

Abstract

Objective: determined the effectiveness of educational program on women’s practices for Mothers’ Care in Postpartum Period in Primary Health Care Centers at Amara City. Methodology: Quasi-experimental design is accomplish on non-probability (Purposive sample) used to collect the data from 172 multigravida women, ( 86) study group and( 86) control group who were selected from the eight primary health care centers (AL-Uroba Primary Health Care Center, AL Zahraa Primary Health Care Center ,AL Hasen AL-Askerry Primary Health Care Center , AL-Qudis primary health care center, AL-Ameer primary health care center, AL-Jawideen primary health care center, AL- Amam AL Husaan. Primary health care center and Ali AL-Ridha Primary Health Care Center.) These centers are choose randomly from 16 primary health care centers in the first sector. The study was conducted from (1st December, 2018 to 1stDecember, 2019.). Results: The findings of the study indicated that (48%), (45%) respectively were in the age group (24-31) years for both study and control groups, a quarter of the both study and control group were primary school graduates, more than three quarter were housewives for both study and control groups , The majority of the women were living in urban area specifically for the study and control group, the majority of women in the study and control group were live equally of nuclear and extended families. Regarding to the reproductive characteristics more than a fifth women had five-six pregnancies for study group and quarter of the control group were had three pregnancies, and around a quarter of the study group were have three deliveries and more than fifth for control group were had two deliveries, as well as, three quarter of women in the both study and control group reported that they do not have abortion 64(74.4%), 62 (72.1%) respectively.
The changes in Blood Pressure in Patients Undergoing Spinal Anesthesia According to the Size of Spinal Needle (G22 versus G24): Case Reference Study Ahmed Matrood Kadhim1 , Salman Abbas Badi 1, Watheq Maeh Naji1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10572

Abstract

Background: Previous studies of patients with spinal anesthesia prior to sympathectomy revealed that vasodilatation and hypotension, with subsequent reduction in arterial pressure, were the most common side effects (observed in more than 30% of patients). Hypotension in epidural anesthesia was stated to be more gradual and less extreme than in spinal anesthesia when a comparable amount of anesthesia was given. Aim of the study: In the current study, we are aiming to evaluate the effect of different size of spinal needle on development of possible blood pressure changes throughout the spinal anesthesia procedure. Patients and Methods: The current observational case reference study was carried out at Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital in Al-Diwaniyah Province, Iraq. The beginning of the study is dated back to the 3rd of April 2018 and the study continued till September the 15th 2019. It included 60 patients undergoing spinal anesthesia for various surgical operations. In 30 patients a spinal needle of 22 gauge was used whereas in the second group (n = 30), a spinal needle of gauge 24 was used. All patients were instructed to be nil by mouth overnight. Results: In group 1 (22G), mean systolic blood pressure showed gradual reduction, 139.00 ±8.35 mmHG, 120.67 ±11.43 mmHg, 106.00 ±11.02 mmHG and 97.33 ±10.15 mmHg; similarly, in group 2 (24G) mean systolic blood pressure showed gradual reduction, 144.00 ±10.37 mmHG, 138.00 ± 7.61 mmHg, 131.33 ±9.00 mmHG and 131.67 ±11.40 mmHg; however, the rate of reduction in group 2 (G24) was less than that seen in case of group 1 (G22). In group 1 (22G), mean diastolic blood pressure showed gradual reduction, 84.00 ±7.24 mmHG, 72.00 ±6.64 mmHg, 61.33 ±9.73 mmHG and 54.00 ±8.94 mmHg; similarly, in group 2 (24G) mean diastolic blood pressure showed gradual reduction, 87.33 ±7.85 mmHG, 81.33 ±7.30 mmHg, 77.33 ±10.15 mmHG and 78.00 ±5.51 mmHg; however, the rate of reduction in group 2 (G24) was less than that seen in case of group 1 (G22). Conclusion: It appears that the use of narrower spinal needle is recommended as it is associated with significantly less drop in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, thus less hemodynamic disturbances in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia for various indications
Nurses’ Knowledge based on Evidence Based Practice toward Eye Care for Intensive Care Units Patients Sabah Abdullah Jaafr1 , Mohammed Baqer Al-Jubouri2 , Dergham Majeed Alfatlawee3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10573

Abstract

Background: Eye care in intensive care units is crucial to avoid eye problems associated with infections, use of medications, effect of mechanical ventilators, and patient position. Indeed, there is no specific guideline or protocols use in eye care in Iraqi intensive care units, so the study focused on nurses to assess their knowledge regarding evidence-based practice toward eye care. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess nurses’ knowledge regarding evidence-based practice toward eye care in intensive care units, and to find out relationships between their demographics and total knowledge. Method: A descriptive study using a purposive sample (non-probability) was used to survey 30 nurses who met the sampling criteria in two teaching hospitals in the south of Iraq to assess their knowledge regarding eye care. A valid and reliable tool was used after getting the permission from the copyright holder. Results: More than one-third of study sample were (22-26) years old they account (40%). Majority of them were male (56.7%), and (53.3%) of the study sample had bachelor’s degree in nursing. Regarding years of experience half of the study sample had more than five years of experience in intensive care units. Majority of the study sample (63.3%) has no participation in training courses about eye care and (83.3%) was day shift of work. The total mean of score of nurses’ knowledge was poor (0.33). Conclusion: There is a need to conduct training courses for nurses who work in intensive care units about eye care based on standard as the results in this study indicated that there is a significance association between, nurses’ knowledge and participation in training course, about eye care.

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