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Eureka Herba Indonesia
Published by HM Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27465152     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37275/ehi.v1i1.1
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Eureka Herba Indonesia (EHI) is peer review scientific journal that focused on reserach in exploration potential Herba of Indonesia for enhancing healthy. EHI focused on : 1. Medicinal Plants. 2. Efficacy of Herba Study. 3. Safety of Herba Study. 4. Animals that potential for developing as healthy products. 5. Minerals that potential for developing as healthy products.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran Komplemen dan Alternatif
Articles 115 Documents
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Network-Pharmacology-Guided Validation of Phyllanthus niruri Nephroprotection Against Doxorubicin: An In Vitro–In Vivo Translational Study Rachmat Hidayat; Vania Delma; Indri Yani Septiana
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v6i2.140

Abstract

Doxorubicin is a corner-stone anthracycline chemotherapeutic whose clinical utility is constrained by dose-limiting nephrotoxicity, and no approved pharmacological prevention currently exists. Phyllanthus niruri L. (Family Phyllanthaceae) — locally known in Indonesia as meniran — is a phytotherapeutic herb whose constituents (phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, quercetin, rutin, gallic acid, and corilagin) target oxidative-stress and inflammatory pathways implicated in doxorubicin renal injury. We applied a tiered translational design: (i) network-pharmacology discovery using SwissTargetPrediction, TCMSP, GeneCards, and OMIM intersected six P. niruri active compounds with 842 nephrotoxicity-associated genes, identifying six hub targets (TNF, IL6, NFKB1, CASP3, BAX, BCL2) and four enriched KEGG pathways (TNF signaling, MAPK, PI3K-Akt, Apoptosis); (ii) in vitro validation in HK-2 human proximal tubular cells exposed to doxorubicin (2 µM, 24 h) with or without standardised P. niruri 70% ethanolic extract (25, 50, 100 µg/mL); and (iii) in vivo validation in 48 male Sprague-Dawley rats (eight per arm) given a single intraperitoneal dose of doxorubicin (15 mg/kg) and oral P. niruri at 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg/day for 14 days. P. niruri produced a dose-dependent rescue of HK-2 viability (84.6% at 100 µg/mL versus 41.8% in doxorubicin-only controls; p < 0.001) and reduced serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, urinary KIM-1, and NGAL by 55–70% at the 400 mg/kg dose with concordant restoration of glutathione and superoxide dismutase. Network-pharmacology hub targets showed transcriptionally coherent modulation. The findings support standardised P. niruri ethanolic extract as a mechanism-anchored herbal candidate for adjunctive prevention of doxorubicin-induced kidney injury, warranting clinical translation.
Asiaticoside and Madecassoside from Centella asiatica Demethylate the Nrf2 Promoter and Enhance Neuroprotection In Vitro Akmal Hasan; Wisnu Wardhana Putra
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v6i2.141

Abstract

Centella asiatica (L.) Urban (Apiaceae), known as pegagan in Indonesian Jamu and Brahmi in Ayurveda, contains triterpene saponins with reported neuroprotective properties, yet the epigenetic mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigated whether a triterpene-enriched fraction (TEF) standardized to asiaticoside (28.4%) and madecassoside (22.7%) modulates Nrf2/HO-1 pathway activation through promoter demethylation and histone acetylation in oxidatively stressed SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Cells were pre-treated with TEF (25, 50, 100 μg/mL) for 24 hours before H2O2 (200 μM) challenge. TEF at 100 μg/mL restored cell viability to 82.4 ± 4.3% versus 47.8 ± 4.1% in H2O2-only cells (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 8.22), reduced ROS to 1.52 ± 0.15-fold (p < 0.001), and upregulated Nrf2 mRNA 2.83 ± 0.21-fold and HO-1 protein 3.14 ± 0.24-fold. Bisulfite sequencing revealed dose-dependent Nrf2 promoter demethylation from 67.8 ± 4.2% to 31.2 ± 2.6% (p < 0.001), paralleled by DNMT1 suppression (2.74 to 1.12-fold) and H3K27ac enrichment (0.34 to 1.43-fold) at the Nrf2 locus. A strong inverse correlation between methylation and Nrf2 expression (r = −0.912) and closely aligned IC50 values for ROS suppression (62.4 μg/mL) and demethylation (58.7 μg/mL) support a coordinated epigenetic-transcriptional mechanism. These findings provide the first evidence that Centella asiatica triterpenes activate neuroprotective pathways through dual epigenetic remodeling, offering a molecular rationale for the traditional cognitive-enhancing applications of this ethnopharmacologically significant herb.
Apoptotic Induction and Cell-Cycle Arrest in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells by Annona muricata Acetogenin Fractions: An In Silico and In Vitro Study Lestini Wulansari; Leonardo Simanjuntak; Vania Delma
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v6i2.142

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive molecular subtype that lacks oestrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors and retains cytotoxic chemotherapy as its principal systemic option, creating a rationale for adjunctive phytotherapy. Annona muricata L. (Annonaceae), known in Indonesia as sirsak, contains Annonaceous acetogenins with well-documented mitochondrial and apoptotic activity. This study integrated molecular docking with in vitro pharmacology to characterise the anticancer effects of an HPLC-standardised acetogenin-enriched fraction (AEF) from Indonesian A. muricata leaves on TNBC cells. Annonacin, bullatacin, squamocin and muricatacin were docked against EGFR, Bcl-2, CDK2, caspase-3 and topoisomerase II-α (AutoDock Vina); AEF was tested on MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 TNBC cells with MCF-10A non-tumorigenic controls (n = 6 independent biological replicates per arm). Outcomes included viability (MTT), apoptosis (Annexin-V/PI), cell-cycle distribution (propidium iodide), caspase-3/7 luminescence, Western blotting (Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, cyclin D1, p21) and mitochondrial ΔΨm/ROS. Bullatacin showed the strongest binding to Bcl-2 (ΔG = −9.6 kcal/mol) and caspase-3 (ΔG = −8.9 kcal/mol). AEF inhibited MDA-MB-231 viability with IC50 12.4 µg/mL (95% CI 10.8–14.1) and yielded a selectivity index of 4.20 over MCF-10A. Apoptotic cells increased 4.62-fold, the G1 fraction rose from 41.2% to 64.8% (p < 0.001), caspase-3/7 activity rose 3.81-fold and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio decreased by 61%. In conclusion, bullatacin-rich Annona muricata acetogenins selectively induce intrinsic apoptosis and G1 arrest in TNBC cells, supporting their further translational development as Indonesian phytotherapeutic leads for hormone-refractory breast cancer.
Tinospora crispa Phytosome Enhances Oral Bioavailability and Glycemic Control in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats Dedi Sucipto; Taufiq Indera Jayadi; Bryan Helsey
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v7i1.143

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus remains a major global health challenge with rising prevalence in Southeast Asia, where traditional herbal remedies continue to play a significant role in disease management. Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook. f. & Thomson (Menispermaceae), locally known as brotowali in Indonesian jamu medicine, exhibits anti-diabetic properties attributed to its alkaloid and diterpenoid constituents; however, the oral bioavailability of its key bioactive compound berberine remains limited at approximately 5%. This study evaluated the pharmacokinetic enhancement and anti-diabetic efficacy of a novel Tinospora crispa phytosome in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were allocated to five groups (n = 6): normal control, diabetic control, diabetic plus metformin (200 mg/kg), diabetic plus T. crispa free extract (400 mg/kg), and diabetic plus T. crispa phytosome (400 mg/kg), given orally for 28 days. The phytosome achieved a 3.14-fold enhancement in relative oral bioavailability (AUC0–24: 1524.7 ± 185.4 versus 486.3 ± 62.8 ng·h/mL, p < 0.001) and a higher peak plasma berberine concentration (Cmax: 387.2 ± 42.3 versus 124.5 ± 18.7 ng/mL, p < 0.001). After 28 days, the phytosome group showed significant reductions in fasting blood glucose (148.6 ± 19.2 versus 328.4 ± 42.5 mg/dL, p < 0.001) and HbA1c (6.1 ± 0.6 versus 9.2 ± 1.1%, p < 0.001), with an improved lipid profile comparable to metformin and large effect sizes (Cohen's d: 3.51–6.22). These findings indicate that phytosome technology effectively enhances the bioavailability and anti-diabetic efficacy of T. crispa, supporting its development as a standardized herbal complementary therapy for diabetes mellitus.
Cardioprotective Mechanisms of Hibiscus sabdariffa Anthocyanins Against Myocardial Ischaemia–Reperfusion Injury via the PI3K/Akt Pathway Rachmat Hidayat; Abhimanyu Putra
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v7i1.144

Abstract

Myocardial ischaemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury contributes up to 50% of the final infarct size after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in ST-elevation myocardial infarction, yet pharmacological cardioprotection in the clinic remains elusive. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae), known in Indonesia as rosella, is rich in delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside (D3S) and cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside (C3S) anthocyanins. This study determined whether an HPLC-DAD–standardised anthocyanin-rich H. sabdariffa calyx extract (HSE) protects rat myocardium from I/R injury through formal PI3K/Akt activation. Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 48; six arms of n = 8) were randomised to sham, I/R control, HSE 100, 200 or 400 mg/kg/day p.o. for 14 days, or HSE 200 mg/kg + LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor); rats underwent 30-min LAD occlusion plus 120-min reperfusion. H9c2 cardiomyoblasts underwent 6-h hypoxia plus 12-h reoxygenation. HSE 200 mg/kg reduced infarct size from 41.8% to 18.4% of area at risk (F(5, 42) = 98.4, p < 0.001, partial η² = 0.92), lowered serum cTnI from 8.42 to 2.96 ng/mL (p < 0.001), and increased p-Akt(Ser473) 3.4-fold and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio 5.6-fold. D3S docked PI3K-p110α at ΔG = −9.2 kcal/mol. LY294002 abolished cardioprotection, formally proving PI3K/Akt-dependence. H. sabdariffa anthocyanins exert PI3K/Akt-mediated cardioprotection against myocardial I/R injury, supporting their development as Indonesian phytotherapeutic adjuncts for elective PCI.

Page 12 of 12 | Total Record : 115

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