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INDONESIA
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 02163160     EISSN : 22523901     DOI : 10.24961/j.tek.ind.pert
Core Subject : Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
The development of science and technology in agriculture, has been instrumental in increasing the production of various agricultural commodities. But climate change is also uncertain world led to decreased agricultural productivity. World energy crisis resulted in higher prices of agricultural commodities due to competition between food and energy are higher. Efforts to utilize biomass (agricultural products) has started a lot of research, not only as raw material for bioenergy, but also in an attempt to exploit agro-products into valuable economic products, and realize clean production in agro-industry.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 646 Documents
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KOMBINASI ROLL DAN BALL MILL REFINER PADA PROSES CONCHING DALAM PEMBUATAN COKELAT BERBAHAN COCOA BUTTER SUBSTITUTE Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 25 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

This study was developed with respect to combination of roll and ball mill refiner on conching processon bench scale (10 kg/batch) with the aim of testing the manufacture of milk chocolate made ofcocoa butter substitute. The combination of these two refiner toolswere don eat the same time to soften the chocolate materials as they were related to the time of processing and quality of product. Performance evaluation of conching machine using a combination of roll and ball mill refiner was compared tothat without the ball mill refiner. The results showed that the combination of roll and ball mill refiner provided better quality with particle sizes meet the standard (<20 µm) and contaminant of iron (Fe) still received. The minimum time for production of chocolate at 10 kg/batch with a combination of roll and ball mill refiner was 60 hr, where as without the ball mill refiner it could be up to 100 hr, giving particle size according to standard. Thus, the combination of roll-ball mill refiner can be use as an alternative tool for the manufacture of chocolate on a bench scale.Keywords: ball mill refiner, cocoa butter substitute, chocolate, conching, roll refiner
PRODUKSI BIOINSEKTISIDA oleh Bacillus thuringiensis MENGGUNAKAN KULTIVASI MEDIA PADAT Rini Purnawati, Titi C. Sunarti Khaswar Syamsu, Mulyorini Rahayuningsih
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 25 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

  *Penulis untuk korespondensi In bio insecticide production, the use of agricultural by products as a substrate to produce the starter has the role important on the efficient production processes, as well as the use of single isolate and production media. The bio insecticide production was carried out by the solid state cultivation, by examining the effect of substrate thick nessoncell growth and bio insecticide toxicity of bio insecticide produced. The bacterial of localisolates used were obtained from carrion worm of Attacus atlas, and identified as Bacillus thuringiens is and had  important potential as bio insecticide. Tofu whey was used for starter media, while mixture of dregs sago and iles-iles as its production media. During the cultivation the media thickness affected on pH, cell growth, spores and substrate consumption. The increased of substrate thickness caused the decrease of  pH, and  simultaneously the decrease of  cell growth, spores and substrate consumption.  The product with highes toxicity capability against dipteralarvae (LC50 of 0,24 mg/mL) and lepidoptera larvae (LC50 of 3,3 mg/mL) was obtained under cultivation process with substrate thicknes of 1 cm. Keywords: Bacillus thuringiensis, bioinsecticide, solid-state cultivation,  solid waste sago, solid waste iles-iles
ALIRAN TERTUTUP MASSA DAN POTENSI MANDIRI ENERGI PADA PRODUKSI CPO Tajuddin Bantacut dan Hermaslin Pasaribu
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 25 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Palm oil mill consumes considerable amounts of energy from fossil fuel. The declining of this energy supply in the future becomes a production constraint of palm oil mill. The purposes of this study were to calculate the rational energy needs of CPO production and to assess the energy content of by-products. Mass balance model was developed to illustrate the process flow and to determine the possibility of by-products utilization to meet the energy needs of the mill. The results of the model calculations based on the mill’s rational performance showed that the palm oil mill with a capacity of 60 tons fresh fruit bunches/hour produces crude palm oil at 26.80% yield. This production also generated biomass by-products of empty bunches, fiber, shells, and liquid waste as much as 14,265; 4,613; 1,959 and 21,057 kg/hour respectively. These by-products contained potential energy as much as 271,988,317 kJ/hour. This energy met the need of 1,020 kWh electrical energy and 30 tons of steam with an excess of electricity energy of 1,022 kWh. The electricity surplus might be sold to public network or directly distributed to community around the mill. Biomass electricity generation replaced the coal used and potentially cut the green house gas emission. It was concluded that palm oil mill can be a surplus energy production system. Therefore, it is recommended that palm oil mills should be regulated and restricted in using fossil energy and electricity from public network.Keywords: closed production process, energy self-sufficient, mass balance model, oil palm biomass, palm oil mill
KARAKTERISASI KOMPON KARET DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAK KAYU SECANG, PASIR KUARSA DAN KULIT KERANG Rahmaniar, Amin Rejo, Gatot Priyanto, Basuni Hamzah
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 25 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

The objective of the research were to analyze the characteristics and get the formula of rubber compound that was added with extract of Caesalpinia sappan wood and fillers of silica quartz sand and CaCO3 from shell. Factorial completely randomized design (RALF) with two factors was used. The first factor was the concentration of extract of caesalpinia sappan wood (ά) which was 3 phr, 6 phr, 9 phr, 12 phr and the second factor was the concentration ratio of silica from quartz sand and CaCO3 from shell (β) which was 10:90 phr, 25:75 phr, 50:50 phr, 90:10 phr. Parameters tested were tensile strength, elongation at break, after aging tensile strength, after aging elongation at break and color change. The results showed that treatment of extract of Caesalpinia sappan wood concentration, a mixture of quartz sand with shells and their interaction significantly affected to the tensile strength, elongation at break, after aging tensile strength and after aging elongation at break of rubber compound resulted. The best treatments met the requirements of rubber compound in accordance with  for SNI were ά3β4 treatment (9 phr of extract of caesalpinia sappan wood concentration and 75:25 phr mixture of quartz sand with shell) with rubber compound characteristics for these parameters, tensile strength of 30 N/mm2, elongation at break of 496%, after aging tensile strength of 27 N/mm2 and after aging elongation at break of 457% and the total change of color difference of 19.9.Keywords: extract of caesalpinia sappan wood, quartz sand, rubber compound, silica, shell
TRANSESTERIFICATION OF CALOPHYLLUM OIL (Calophyllum inophyllum L) BY CALCIUM OXIDE CATALYST : OPTIMIZATION AND KINETIC MODEL Yeti Widyawati, Ani Suryani, Muhammad Romli, Sukardi
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 25 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Metil ester berhasil diproduksi dengan transesterifikasi minyak nyamplung menggunakan katalisator kalsium oksida. Proses transesterifikasi dilakukan dalam suatu reaktor batch yang dilengkapi dengan pemanas, termokopel, pengaduk, termostat, dan pengambil sampel. Reaksi selanjutnya dilakukan selama 120 menit dan sampel diambil setiap 10 menit. Pengaruh parameter operasi yang berbeda seperti rasio molar metanol minyak, pemuatan katalis, suhu reaksi, dan waktu reaksi dievaluasi. Sebesar 82,53% konversi diperoleh pada kondisi optimum 12: 1 rasio molar metanol minyak, 60˚C suhu reaksi, 5% berat katalis, dan 2 jam waktu reaksi. Model optimasi:  Model kinetika reaksi kimia disusun dan diselesaikan dengan MATLAB. Nilai faktor frekuensi tumbukan adalah 0,0974 dan  0,0003 (dm3/gmol.min). Sementara itu, nilai energi aktivasi reaksi berturut-turut adalah 23,34 dan 10,63 KJ/mol. Kata kunci: katalis padat, minyak nyamplung, model kinetika, transesterifikasi
KONDISI HOMOGENISASI DAN PRAPENINGKATAN SKALA PROSES MIKROENKAPSULASI MINYAK SAWIT Tien R Muchtadi, Alfia Nurul Ilma, Dase Hunaefi, Sri Yuliani
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 25 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

Utilization of palm oil as downstream products is still remain limited. Palm oil contains high carotenoids ranging from 500 to 700 ppm. Carotenoids are very sensitive to heat and oxidation. Microencapsulation process conducted by two steps, i.e. homogenitation to produce emulsion and spray drying to produce microcapsule that protect its active compounds. Olein homogenization was the main process in the formation of an emulsion of palm oil prior to drying process. This process was influenced by speed, time and volume. Microcapsule formulation using maltodextrin, Arabic gum, and gelatin. The results showed that the process of homogenization affected the quality and characteristics of emulsion and microencapsulate of palm oil. An increase of volume and length of time did not significantly affect the characteristics of palm oil microcapsule, such as water content, solubility and water activity (p>0.05), but significantly affected the emulsion stability, surface oil, carotenoid contain and efficiency of microencapsulation (p<0.05) and also affecting the quality of microencapsulate (yield, water activity, solubility). Palm oil microencapsulation using spray dry could be applied at industrial scale. Keywords: carotene, homogenization, microencapsulation, palm oil, scale up
SCORING KEPUTUSAN PENENTUAN PUSAT PENGEMBANG ENERGI TERBARUKAN BERDASARKAN CLUSTER WILAYAH MENGGUNAKAN METODE SAWP Mustakim, Agus Buono dan Irman Hermadi
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 25 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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According to energy law, the government Indonesia is required to develop alternative energy. It is also mandated to consider equalization of energy development for each region in taking decision. Simple Addictive Weighting (SAW) method was able to provide the best solution in determining decision and can be applied to determine the renewable energy center. The result was than reinforced by Weighting Product to normalize the so that reaches the absolute value equals 1 that was yielded based on eigen Analytic Hierarchy process method. That alternative Bagan Sinembah was chose with value of 0.8090 which has 25% of five alternatives. Besides that, to find out the possibility of alternative that was not chosen as primary alternative, of decision making in group by using K –Means Clustering method was used. The comparison between the result of main criteria LSP and HPP had the best trend in which contiguity value was 2.45% in SAW. The results concluded that the main criterion of LSP and HPP was not dominant criteria influence the absolute value final decision either by using SAW or WP. The potential energy that can be palm production including waste of shell, fiber frond, and an empty bunch will be 135% of electrical energy of Riau area. Keywords: analytical hierarchy process, k-means clustering, reneweble energy, simple additive weighting, weighting product
PENGARUH PENYUSUTAN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK PENGERINGAN TEMU PUTIH Lamhot P. Manalu dan Armansyah H. Tambunan
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 25 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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The effects of drying conditions on shrinkage of zedoary were studied. A thin-layer dryer with machine vision 2D system and image analysis software was used. Zedoary slices were dried at temperatures of 50, 60 and 70oC (at constant RH) and relative humidities of 20%, 30% and 40% (at constant temperature). The falling drying rate data were used to calculate the effective diffusion coefficients from the Fick’s equation. Changes in area of the slice were measured every 5 minute during drying. Shrinkage showed almost linear relation with moisture content. It was found that air temperature and relative humidity had no significant effect on shrinkage. Drying took place entirely in the falling rate period. Slices dried at 70oC showed more bend than slices dried at 50 and 60oC. Effective diffusivity values by considering the shrinkage were estimated in the range of 4.74-6.19×10-9 m2/s for studied drying temperatures.Keywords: drying, shrinkage, moisture, diffusivity, image analysis, zedoary
SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIK PAPAN PARTIKEL DARI CANGKANG BUAH JARAK PAGAR Dede Hermawan, Ana Agustina, Ono Suparno, Ika Amalia Kartika
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 25 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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The jatropha shell is a by-product from jatropha oil production. It is a potential cellulosic material for particleboard because of its high fiber content (40%). The purposes of this study were to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the particleboard produced from the jatropha shell, and to investigate the effect of the adhesive agent concentration on the particleboard quality. The adhesive agents used were phenol formaldehyde (12, 14 and 16%) and urea formaldehyde (10, 12 and 14%). The physical and mechanical properties of the particleboard were examined using JIS A 5908-2003. The results showed that the phenol formaldehyde as adhesive agent could improve the dimensional stability and mechanical properties of the particleboard. An increase of adhesive agent concentration increased modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, internal bond and wood screw holding power of particle board, and decreased water content, water absorption and thickness swelling of particleboard. Most of the physical and mechanical properties of the jatropha shell particleboard obtained in this study did not meet JIS A 5908-2003, and was not appropriate to be used as a construction material. Keywords: Jatropha shell, particleboard, phenol formaldehyde, urea formaldehyde
MODEL KONSEPTUAL STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN INDUSTRI KECIL MENENGAH BERBASIS SUMBER DAYA (STUDI KASUS PENGEMBANGAN IKM DI PANGALENGAN) Asep Indra Sukendar Permana, Marimin, dan Gendut Suprayitno
Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Vol. 26 No. 1 (2016): Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Publisher : Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Bogor Agricultural University

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Small Medium Enterprises (SME’s) sector has an important role for regional economy, beside their complex problems. Competitive advantage of SME’s sector should be constructed in accordance with resilient character to be competitive. This research aimed to determine development priority areas of SME’s and resilient entrepreneurs of prime commodity and to construct a conceptual model of SME’s development strategy. The method used was Location Quotient (LQ), normal distribution, skalogram analysis, Bayes, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), exponential comparison method (ECM), Value Chain Analysis (VCA), Valuable, Rare, Imitability and Organization (VRIO) analysis, Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE), External Factor Evaluation (EFE) and integration of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (I’SWOT) analysis with Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM). Based on calculation results with Bayes method, Pangalengan had highest potential of local resources, so it was selected as the priority area for SME’s development. Referring to calculation results of ECM, Pangalengan had four prime commodities in agriculture selected the commodity resilient SME’s was snack foods processing (Pia Kawitan cakes). Determination of resilient SME’s serves as a reference for developing a small micro industrial sector, which was described in the form of conceptual model of SME’s development strategy. This research processing results showed that strategy position supported turn around strategy, which was located in quadrant III.  SME’s development conceptual model consist of six groups, namely objective, criteria, actor, strategy supporter, strategy inhibitor and strategy alternative.Keywords: competitiveness strategy development, SME’s resilience, resources view

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