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INDONESIA
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Published by IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc
ISSN : -     EISSN : 2747139X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy, Science, Education, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Neuroscience Social Sciences Other
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education disseminates knowledge about Business, Law, and Education that useful to academics, educators, scholars, managers, practitioners, policy makers, consumers, and other stakeholders all around the world.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 750 Documents
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Optimisation of SIMRS Usage for Smooth Internal and External Reporting at Bogor Islamic Hospital Wa Saruni Batu Atas; Eddy Hermawan Hasudungan; Sri Wahyuni
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i1.1426

Abstract

The Hospital Management Information System (SIMRS) plays a strategic role in facilitating effective internal and external hospital reporting. Accurate, timely, and integrated reporting is essential for managerial decision-making and for fulfilling reporting obligations to external stakeholders, including the Health Office and BPJS Health. This study aims to analyse the optimisation of SIMRS utilisation in supporting the efficiency of internal and external reporting at Bogor Islamic Hospital. This research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The findings indicate that the implementation of SIMRS has improved the efficiency of reporting processes. However, several challenges persist, including limited user understanding, suboptimal integration across units, and continued reliance on manual data input. The optimisation of SIMRS—through strengthening human resource competencies, enhancing system functionality, and reinforcing managerial commitment—has been shown to improve the effectiveness of both internal and external reporting processes. It can be concluded that optimising SIMRS utilisation positively impacts the efficiency and reliability of hospital reporting and should be continuously developed to support service quality and good hospital governance.
The Influence of Work Culture and Work Discipline on Patient Safety at Bogor Islamic Hospital Sukaisih Susanti; Eddy Hermawan Hasudungan; Irawan R D Budianto
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i1.1427

Abstract

Hospitals bear a strategic responsibility for ensuring patient safety throughout the continuum of care. Patient safety is not only a key indicator of healthcare quality but also reflects the professionalism of healthcare personnel and the effectiveness of hospital management systems. This study aimed to examine the influence of work culture and work discipline, individually and in combination, on patient safety at Bogor Islamic Hospital. A quantitative, cross-sectional design was employed. Total sampling was used, involving 50 nurses as respondents. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analysed using multiple linear regression. The findings indicate that work culture has a statistically significant positive effect on patient safety (t = 4.096, p < .001). Work discipline also has a positive and statistically significant effect on patient safety (t = 4.771, p < .001). Simultaneously, work culture and work discipline significantly influence patient safety (F = 15.648, p < .001), with a coefficient of determination (R² = .400), indicating that 40.0% of the variance in patient safety is explained by these two variables. These findings suggest that both organisational and behavioural factors play meaningful roles in shaping patient safety in hospital settings.
Advocacy and Legal Assistance for Child Victims of Sexual Violence Nur Ilmi Putri Febriyanti; Elmiati Nurdin; Evi Selviani; Nur Annisa Putri; Erni Yoesry
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i1.1432

Abstract

Children as a vulnerable group require special protection, especially when they become victims of sexual violence. In practice, child victims often experience various obstacles in obtaining justice, including limited access to legal aid, psychological trauma, and suboptimal assistance during the criminal justice process. This study aims to analyze the forms of advocacy and legal assistance provided to child victims of sexual violence, the role of law enforcement agencies and child protection agencies in providing legal protection, and the obstacles encountered in its implementation. This study uses a normative legal research method with a legislative and conceptual approach. The results show that advocacy and legal assistance for child victims of sexual violence include legal assistance, protection of the victim's identity, psychological recovery, and fulfillment of the victim's rights during the judicial process. The role of institutions such as law enforcement officers, legal aid agencies, and child protection agencies is crucial in ensuring the comprehensive fulfillment of the rights of child victims.
Legal Aid and Pro Bono Reveal Differences in the Implementation of Indonesian Law Elmiati Nurdin; Nur Ilmi Putri Febriyanti; Nur Annisa Putri; Evi Selviani; Erni Yoesry
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i1.1433

Abstract

This study aims to examine the fundamental differences between legal aid and pro bono in the Indonesian legal system and identify challenges that hinder their effective implementation. Using normative legal research methods with a statutory and comparative approach, data are analyzed from various legal documents, scientific literature, and relevant regulations. The results show that legal aid, which is funded by the state and strictly regulated, differs fundamentally from pro bono, which is voluntary and funded by lawyers or law firms. These differences include funding sources, regulatory basis, and service scope. This study also uncovers challenges such as unequal distribution of services, limited resources, and role ambiguity among legal aid providers. The novelty of this study lies in emphasizing the urgency of establishing clear regulations and systematic role allocation to expand access to justice, particularly for vulnerable groups. These findings are recommended as a basis for consideration in legal aid policy reform in Indonesia.
Government Policy in Eradication of Illegal Fishing Practices Nur Annisa Putri; Evi Selviani; Elmiati Nurdin; Nur Ilmi Putri Febriyanti; Erni Yoesry
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i1.1434

Abstract

Indonesia, as an archipelagic state, possesses vast marine territory with significant fisheries potential, yet faces serious challenges from illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing. This practice causes substantial economic losses, environmental degradation, and social inequality among local fishers. This study aims to examine the impacts of illegal fishing and analyze government policies addressing the issue. The research uses a normative legal method with a statutory approach. Findings show that illegal fishing leads to overfishing, ecosystem destruction, and reduced fish catch for small-scale fishers. The Indonesian government has implemented various policies, including the National Plan of Action (NPOA) to combat IUU fishing, and established a Joint Task Force supported by coordinated sea surveillance through Monitoring, Control, and Surveillance (MCS). However, limitations in human resources and funding remain significant obstacles in monitoring Indonesia’s vast waters. To address this, the government encourages community involvement through the formation of Community Surveillance Groups (Pokmaswas). Synergy between central and local governments, local communities, and international cooperation is essential for sustainable marine resource management. The implementation of responsible fishing practices, in accordance with the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF), is crucial to ensure the sustainability of Indonesia’s marine resources for current and future generations.
Interpretation of Term of Office by the KPU in Regional Elections: Analysis from the Perspective of Legal Interpretation and Legal Certainty Evi Selviani; Nur Annisa Putri; Elmiati Nurdin; Nur Ilmi Putri Febriyanti; Erni Yoesry
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i1.1435

Abstract

The interpretation of the term of office of Regional Heads has become a crucial issue in the implementation of Regional Head Elections (Pilkada) in Indonesia, particularly when there is a discrepancy in the methods used by the General Election Commission (KPU) and the Contitutional Court (MK) in interpreting the term of office. In practice, the Constitutional Court adopt a combination of systematic, teleological, and historical interpretative approaches, which consider the substantive meaning of the term of office and the purpose of limiting power. Conversely, the KPU tends to employ a grammatical approach that emphasizes methodologies but also has serious implications for legal certainty, electoral legitimacy, citizens political right, and the credibility election results. The study aims to analyze the construction of legal interpretations regarding the term of office from the perspectives of the KPU and MK and its implications for the conduct of Pilkada. The method used is a normative juridical approach through a literature review of legislation, MK decisions, and legal literature. The results of the study indicate that a lack of harmonization in interpretation has the potential to create legal anda administrative conflicts and opens the door to abuse of power. Therefore, harmonization of interpretation is necessary through regulations based on constitutional principles to ensure fair, democratic elections that uphold legal certainty.
The Regulation of the Death Penalty in Relation to Legal Certainty and Human Rights Pramesti, Ni Putu Diah Indira; Darmadi, Anak Agung Ngurah Oka Yudistira
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i1.1442

Abstract

This study examines the ambiguity of legal norms governing the death penalty under Law No. 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code and its implications for legal certainty and human rights protection. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and historical approaches through library-based legal research. The findings reveal several normative ambiguities, particularly regarding the criteria for imposing the death penalty, the assessment of “commendable attitude and conduct,” the mechanism of Presidential Decrees, and the procedures for execution. These ambiguities may give rise to legal uncertainty, inconsistent judicial decisions, and excessive discretion among law enforcement authorities. From a human rights perspective, such ambiguities also create uncertainty regarding the legal status of death-row convicts and may potentially violate the principle of due process of law. Therefore, clearer, more precise, and more operational legal provisions are required to ensure that the regulation of the death penalty under the 2023 Criminal Code guarantees legal certainty while remaining consistent with human rights principles.
Placement of Specialist Physicians in Indonesia’s Primary Health Centers: Policy Challenges and Reconstruction Strategies Ramlan, Ramlan; Hoesein, Zainal Arifin; Barthos, Megawati
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i1.1444

Abstract

Community Health Centers (Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat, or Puskesmas), as primary healthcare facilities, play a strategic role as gatekeepers within Indonesia’s national health system. However, the regulatory framework governing the placement of specialist physicians in Puskesmas has not been explicitly accommodated in existing health policies. This study aims to analyze the legal framework for the placement of specialist physicians in Puskesmas, identify structural, juridical, and implementation-related constraints, and formulate directions for a more adaptive and equitable policy reconstruction. This research employs a normative-empirical legal approach using qualitative methods. Data were collected through interviews with key stakeholders in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta (DKI Jakarta) and through a review of relevant legislation, policy documents, and scholarly literature. The data were analyzed using a descriptive-analytical approach. The findings reveal that the placement of specialist physicians in Puskesmas faces systemic challenges, including regulatory gaps, policy ambiguity, limited resources, and the absence of a coherent policy architecture to support the equitable distribution of medical personnel. Nevertheless, empirical evidence indicates that the presence of specialist physicians contributes significantly to improving diagnostic quality, enhancing the efficiency of the referral system, and strengthening public trust in primary healthcare services in Indonesia.
Reinterpretation and Development of Effective Risk Management in Indonesian Peer-to-Peer Lending Ramadhani, Rona Almas; Dewantara, Reka; Ruslijanto, Patricia Audrey
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i1.1445

Abstract

This study examines the reinterpretation and development of effective risk management in Indonesia’s peer-to-peer lending regulation under Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 40 of 2024, which replaces the previous 2022 regulatory framework. The study aims to address the persistent ambiguity in defining “effective risk management,” which may result in inconsistent implementation among platform providers. Using a normative juridical method and a comparative analysis of international regulatory frameworks, this study identifies key elements of risk management relevant to digital financial services. The findings indicate that, although the updated regulation emphasizes governance and risk control, it still lacks clear technical indicators and measurable operational standards, thereby limiting its implementation effectiveness. This study concludes that more detailed legal standards and operational guidelines are required to enhance legal certainty, strengthen consumer protection, and support financial system stability within the evolving fintech ecosystem.
Legal Certainty and the Protection of Civilian Victims in the Military Criminal Justice System Wicaksana, Made Adhi Agung; Darmadi, Anak Agung Ngurah Oka Yudistira
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v7i1.1458

Abstract

This study examines the legal vacuum arising from the absence of implementing norms for Article 65 of Law Number 34 of 2004 concerning the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI), as well as its implications for legal certainty and the protection of the human rights of civilian victims. Article 65 mandates that TNI personnel who commit general criminal offences be subject to civilian court jurisdiction. However, its implementation is obstructed by Article 74, which makes the applicability of Article 65 contingent upon the enactment of a new law amending Law Number 31 of 1997 concerning Military Courts. Using normative legal research through statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, with Australia and the Netherlands as comparative jurisdictions, this study finds that the absence of implementing norms has produced persistent jurisdictional uncertainty. Such uncertainty contradicts the principle of equality before the law and may undermine the right to due process. The study concludes that reform of military jurisdiction through clear and operational legal norms is a prerequisite for ensuring comprehensive justice, legal certainty, and human rights protection for civilian victims.

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