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Medical Scope Journal (MSJ)
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27153312     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35790/msj
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Nursing Public Health
Medical Scope Journal (MSJ) diterbitkan oleh Perhimpunan Ahli Anatomi Indonesia (PAAI) Komisariat Manado bekerjasama dengan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi dua kali setahun pada bulan Juni dan Desember. Tulisan yang dimuat dapat berupa artikel telaah (review article), hasil penelitian, dan laporan kasus dalam bidang ilmu kedokteran baik dalam bahasa Indonesia maupun dalam bahasa Inggris.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 236 Documents
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Gangguan Ginjal Akut et Kausa Sepsis: Laporan Kasus Kairupan, Jaquelene D.; Palar, Stella
Medical Scope Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2020): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.2.1.2020.31670

Abstract

Abstract: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden episode of decreased renal function that occurs within a few hours until a few weeks, followed by renal failure in excretion of nitrogen-waste products with or without imbalance of fluid and electrolytes. Sepsis is the main cause of critical illnesses as well as the main cause of AKI, albeit, the pathophysiology of AKI due to sepsis is not jet fully understood. We reported a female patient aged 35 years with AKI due to sepsis caused by abscess of suprafundal uterine that occured due to nosocomial infection post laparoscopy of utero myoma. Diagnosis was based on anamnesis, physical examination, and laboratory examination as well as radiology examination. The patient had been given an adequate antibiotic treatment with infection source control, renal supportive therapy using intermittent hemodialysis, exploration surgery, and abscess drainage. The prognosis of this patient was good since the condition of sepsis was resolved and the renal supportive therapy of hemodialysis improved her renal function.Keywords: acute kidney injury, sepsis Abstrak: Gangguan ginjal akut (GgGA) adalah penurunan fungsi ginjal yang terjadi mendadak dalam beberapa jam sampai beberapa minggu, diikuti oleh kegagalan ginjal untuk mengekskresi sisa metabolisme nitrogen dengan atau tanpa disertai terjadinya gangguan keseimbangan cairan dan elektrolit. Sepsis merupakan penyebab utama dari penyakit kritis dan juga merupakan faktor penyebab paling umum untuk terjadinya GgGA namun patofisiologi terjadinya GgGA akibat sepsis belum dipahami dengan jelas. Kami melaporkan seorang pasien wanita usia 35 tahun dengan GgGA akibat sepsis yang disebabkan oleh abses suprafundus uteri dengan kausa infeksi nosokomial pasca laparoskopi mioma uteri. Diagnosis ditegakkan berdasarkan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan laboratorium dan radiologi. Pasien telah diberikan pengobatan antibiotik adekuat dengan kontrol sumber infeksi, terapi suportif ginjal menggunakan intermittent hemodialysis, operasi eksplorasi, dan drainase abses. Prognosis pada pasien ini ialah baik bila kondisi sepsis teratasi dan terapi suportif ginjal hemodialisis memberi hasil perbaikan fungsi ginjal.Kata kunci: gangguan ginjal akut (GgGA), sepsis 
Kontrasepsi Darurat dan Permasalahannya Suparman, Erna
Medical Scope Journal Vol 3, No 1 (2021): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.3.1.2021.34908

Abstract

Abstract: Emergency contraception is a contraceptive method that can prevent pregnancy if used immediately following unprotected sex. The use of emergency contraception could reduce the rate of unwanted pregnancy by up to 50%. There are two emergency contraceptive methods, including the emergency contraceptive pill and copper intrauterine device (IUD). Emergency contraceptive pills should be taken immediately following unprotected sex and are most effective when taken within 24 hours. IUD as an emergency contraceptive can be applied five days after unprotected sex, and it does not cause abortion. There is no absolute contraindication for emergency contraception except for known pregnancy, and simply because it is ineffective. The efficacy of emergency contraception can be defined by the proportion of women who become pregnant after using this method and the total pregnancy observed after using the method divided by the estimated number of pregnancies that would occur without using the method.Keywords: emergency contraception; sexual intercourse; pregnancy  Abstrak: Kontrasepsi darurat dapat mencegah kehamilan bila digunakan segera setelah senggama. Penggunaan kontrasepsi darurat dapat menurunkan angka kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan hingga 50%. Terdapat dua metode kontrasepsi darurat, yaitu pil kontrasepsi darurat dan alat kontrasepsi dalam rahim (AKDR) yang menggunakan tembaga. Pil kontrasepsi darurat harus diberikan sesegera mungkin setelah senggama tidak terlindungi, dan paling efektif bila diberikan dalam waktu 24 jam. AKDR sebagai kontrasepsi darurat dapat dipasang hingga lima hari pasca senggama tidak terlindungi. Kontrasepsi darurat terutama bekerja dengan mencegah fertilisasi, dan tidak menggugurkan kehamilan. Tidak ada kontraindikasi absolut untuk penggunaan kontrasepsi darurat kecuali kehamilan yang diketahui, dan ini hanya karena tidak efektif. Efektivitas kontrasepsi darurat dapat didefinisikan dari proporsi wanita menjadi hamil setelah menggunakan metode ini, dan jumlah kehamilan yang diamati setelah penggunaan dibagi dengan perkiraan jumlah kehamilan yang akan terjadi tanpa penggunaan.Kata kunci: kontrasepsi darurat; senggama; kehamilan
Faktor-faktor yang Berperan terhadap Terjadinya Kecemasan Orang Tua Anak Sekolah Dasar di Desa Maumbi pada Masa Pandemi Covid -19 Tangkuman, Kristinia M.; Dundu, Anita E.; Kaunang, Theresia M. D.
Medical Scope Journal Vol 3, No 1 (2021): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.3.1.2021.35045

Abstract

Abstract: The 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has changed the learning pattern to distance learning, which is an online system. Besides their other activities, parents play a more important role in accompaning and guiding their children during online learning than that of the teachers. Therefore, the parents endure uncomfortable feelings such as anxiety due to increased burden. Moreover, there are various factors that can play a role in the occurrence of parental anxiety. During this pandemic, online learning has also penetrated into the countryside. Maumbi village is one of the areas affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was aimed to analyze the factors that contribute to the anxiety of parents of elementary school children at Maumbi village during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a descriptive and analytical study with a cross sectional design. Data of this study were obtained by using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) questionnaire. Samples of this study were 107 parents of elementary school children who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The multivariate analysis showed that the factors that contributed to the anxiety level of parents were economic stressors (p=0.021, t count=-2.347, and β=-0.224) and occupational stressors (p=0.042, t count=-2.055, and β=-0.197). In conclusion, factors contributing to the anxiety of parents of elementary school children at Maumbi village during the COVID-19 pandemic were economic stressors and occupational stressors.Keywords: parents’ anxiety; level of anxiety; online learning; COVID-19 pandemic  Abstrak: Pandemi coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) membuat pola pembelajaran berubah menjadi pembelajaran jarak jauh. Disamping kesibukan lainnya, orang tua berperan untuk mendampingi dan membimbing anak ketika berlajar online yang jauh lebih besar daripada guru. Orang tua merasa tidak nyaman seperti kecemasan akibat beban yang bertambah. Berbagai macam faktor dapat berperan terhadap terjadinya kecemasan orang tua anak. Dalam masa pandemi ini untuk pembelajaran daring atau online juga sudah merambah sampai ke pedesaan. Desa Maumbi merupakan salah satu daerah yang tekena dampak pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berperan terhadap terjadinya kecemasan orang tua anak sekolah dasar di Desa Maumbi pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Pengumpulan data penelitian diambil dengan kuesioner Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). Sampel penelitian ini ialah 107 orang tua anak sekolah dasar yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang berperan terhadap terjadinya tingkat kecemasan orang tua anak SD di Desa Maumbi pada masa pandemi COVID-19 ialah stresor ekonomi (p=0,021, t hitung = -2.347, dan β=-0,224) dan stresor pekerjaan (p=0,042, t hitung =-2,055, dan β=-0,197). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah faktor-faktor yang berperan terhadap terjadinya kecemasan orang tua anak sekolah dasar di Desa Maumbi pada masa pandemi COVID-19 ialah stresor ekonomi dan stresor pekerjaan.Kata kunci: kecemasan orang tua; tingkat kecemasan; pembelajaran jarak jauh; pandemi COVID-19
Kandungan dan Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Rumput Laut Merah Loho, Rafaela E. M.; Tiho, Murniati; Assa, Youla A.
Medical Scope Journal Vol 3, No 1 (2021): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.3.1.2021.34986

Abstract

Abstract: The imbalance between free radicals and endogenous antioxidants produced by the body can cause cell damage resulting in various diseases such as cancer, heart disease, cataracts, premature aging, and other degenerative diseases. Antioxidants that can capture and neutralize free radicals are needed to cease further reactions causing oxidative stress. Therefore, the consumption of natural antioxidants which are abundant in plants needs to be increased. Red seaweed, known as red algae, has a lot of biological activity compared to other types of seaweed. This study was aimed to determine the content and antioxidant activity of red seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii). This was a literature review study using three databases: Pubmed, ClinicalKey, and Google Scholar. The keywords used were Antioxidant AND Rhodophyta AND Gracilaria sp AND Eucheuma Cottonii. After screening and feasibility assessed we obtained 10 journals using experimental method to evaluate the total phenol content and antioxidant activity of Gracilaria sp. and Eucheuma cottonii. The results showed that red seaweed contained antioxidant compounds such as phenolics and flavonoids that had high antioxidant activity. In conclusion, red seaweed contains compounds with high antioxidant activity such as phenolics and flavonoids. Keywords: antioxidant; red seaweed; phenolic; flavonoid  Abstrak: Ketidakseimbangan jumlah radikal bebas dengan jumlah antioksidan endogen yang diproduksi tubuh dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan sel yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai penyakit seperti kanker, jantung, katarak, penuaan dini, serta penyakit degeneratif lainnya. Tubuh memerlukan asupan senyawa antioksidan yang mampu menangkap dan menetralisir radikal bebas tersebut, sehingga reaksi lanjutan yang menyebabkan terjadinya stres oksidatif dapat berhenti. Konsumsi antioksidan alami yang banyak terkandung pada tumbuhan perlu ditingkatkan. Rumput laut merah yang dikenal sebagai alga merah merupakan jenis rumput laut yang banyak memiliki aktivitas biologi dibandingkan dengan jenis rumput laut lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kandungan dan aktivitas antioksidan pada rumput laut merah (Eucheuma cottonii). Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review dengan pencarian data menggunakan 3 database yaitu PubMed, ClinicalKey dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan ialah Antioksidan AND Rhodophyta AND Gracilaria sp AND Eucheuma Cottonii. Setelah skrining serta uji kelayakan didapatkan 10 jurnal dengan metode penelitian eksperimental yang menguji kandungan total fenol dan aktivitas antioksidan pada Gracilaria sp. dan Eucheuma cottonii. Hasil kajian menunjukkan adanya senyawa yang berperan sebagai antioksidan seperti fenolik dan flavonoid yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tinggi. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah rumput laut merah mengandung senyawa yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang tinggi seperti fenolik dan flavonoid.Kata kunci: antioksidan; rumput laut merah; fenolik; flavonoid  
Kesehatan Tenggorok pada Siswa di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 11 Manado Solossa, Novita; Mengko, Steward K.; Tamus, Agustien Y.
Medical Scope Journal Vol 3, No 1 (2021): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.3.1.2021.34249

Abstract

Abstract: Health problems such as throat disease can be caused by various factors either external or internal. This study was aimed to obtain a description of throat health status of students at Sekolah Dasar Negeri 11 (Public Elementary School) Manado. This was a descriptive and observational study with a cross sectional design. There were a total of 25 male and female students. The results showed that 25 students (100%) had normal tonsil color; 24 students (96%) had normal tonsil surface and one student (4%) had pathological tonsil surface; 22 students (88%) had normal tonsil size and three students (12%) had pathological tonsil size. There were 25 students (100%) who had normal results on examination of pharynx both mucosa and the back wall of pharynx. In conclusion, most students of SDN  11 Manado had normal throat health status.Keywords: throat health status; elementary students  Abstrak: Masalah kesehatan seperti penyakit tenggorok dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor baik  eksternal maupun internal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran kesehatan tenggorok siswa Sekolah Dasar Negeri 11 Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Jumlah total keseluruhan subyek penelitian ialah 25 siswa. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebanyak 25 siswa (100%) dengan warna tonsil normal; 24 siswa (96%) dengan permukaan tonsil normal dan satu siswa (4%) dengan permukaan tonsil patologik; 22 siswa (88%) dengan ukuran tonsil normal dan 3 siswa (12%) lainnya dengan ukuran tonsil patologik. Sebanyak 25 siswa (100%) dengan hasil normal pada pemeriksaan faring baik mukosa maupun dinding belakang faring. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah sebagian besar siswa SDN 11 Manado memiliki gambaran kesehatan tenggorokan yang normal.Kata  kunci: kesehatan  tenggorok; siswa Sekolah Dasar
Deaths of Health Workers at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Exposed to Coronavirus Disease-19 Period 2020-2021 Reinhart E. Sunardibuana; Johannis F. Mallo; James F. Siwu
Medical Scope Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.v3i2.37340

Abstract

Abstract: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has spread to all countries, including Indonesia. This pandemic has caused a lot of losses in economic factors as well as losses of relatives including health care workers. This study aimed to determine the description of deaths among health care workers at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado, who were exposed to COVID-19. This was a retrospective and descriptive study using secondary data, namely all deaths of health care workers at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital exposed to COVID-19 in the period of 2020-2021. The results showed that there were four cases of deaths among health care workers at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital exposed to COVID-19 during the period 2020-2021. Three cases were over 55 years old and one case was between 25-55 years old. Three cases were male and one case was female. Four cases were medical personnel (general practitioners and specialists). Four cases had hypertension, three cases had diabetes, and one case had heart disease as comorbid. In conclusion, from the health workers at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital exposed to COVID-19, the majority of deaths occurred in males, aged over 55 years, medical personnel, and had hypertension as comorbid.Keywords: mortality; health care workers; coronavirus disease-19 Abstrak: Pandemi coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) melanda semua negara, termasuk Negara Indonesia. Pandemi ini menyebabkan banyak kerugian, dari faktor ekonomi hingga kehilangan kerabat termasuk tenaga kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran kematian tenaga kesehatan RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado yang terpapar COVID-19. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan data sekunder, yaitu seluruh data kematian tenaga kesehatan RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado yang terpapar COVID-19 periode 2020-2021. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan empat kasus kematian pada tenaga kesehatan RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado yang terpapar COVID-19 selama periode 2020-2021 yaitu tiga kasus berusia di atas 55 tahun dan satu kasus berusia di antara 25-55 tahun. Terdapat tiga kasus berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan satu kasus berjenis kelamin perempuan; kesemuanya ialah tenaga medis (dokter umum dan dokter spesialis). Empat kasus dengan komorbid hipertensi, tiga kasus dengan komorbid diabetes, dan satu kasus dengan komorbid penyakit jantung. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pada tenaga kesehatan RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado yang terpapar COVID-19, mayoritas kematian terjadi pada laki-laki, berusia di atas 55 tahun, tenaga medis, dengan komorbid hipertensi.Kata kunci: mortalitas; tenaga kesehatan; coronavirus disease-19
Description of SGOT and SGPT Levels in Pregnant Women with Confirmed COVID-19 Clara V. I. Ponto; Glady I. Rambert; Mayer F. Wowor
Medical Scope Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.v3i2.37836

Abstract

Abstract: Physiological changes that occur during pregnancy cause pregnant women to become more susceptible to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 that could cause liver disorders. This study aimed to determine the overview of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) levels in pregnant women with COVID-19 This was a descriptive study with a retrospective approach using secondary data in the form of patient medical records at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital in the period of July-August 2021. The results showed that based on the SGOT level among the second trimester patients, 1 patient (50%) had an increased SGOT in the range of 27-54 U/L and 1 patient (50%) had normal SGOT levels (<27 U/L). Among the third trimester patients, 15 patients (31%) had increased SGOT in the range of 26-53 U/L, 9 patients (18%) with increased SGOT >52 U/L, and 25 patients (51%) had normal SGOT. Based on SGPT levels among the second trimester patients, both patients (100%) had normal SGPT (<35 U/L), while in the third trimester patients, 4 patients (8%) had increased SGPT in the range of 29-58 U/L, 4 patients (8%) had increased SGPT >58 U/L, and 41 patients (84%) had normal SGPT (<29 U/L). In conclusion, most of the patients had normal SGOT and SGPT levels. There were more patients with increased SGOT than those with increased SGPT.Keywords: COVID-19; pregnant women; SGOT; SGPT Abstrak: Perubahan fisiologis yang terjadi selama kehamilan menyebabkan wanita hamil lebih mudah terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2 dan mengalami gangguan pada hati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) pada wanita hamil terkonfirmasi COVID-19. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan pendekatan retrospektif menggunakan data sekunder berupa rekam medik pasien di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou periode Juli-Agustus 2021. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan distribusi nilai SGOT pada pasien trimester II, didapatkan 1 pasien (50%) mengalami peningkatan SGOT pada rentang 27-54 U/L dan 1 pasien (50%) memiliki nilai SGOT normal, yaitu <27 U/L. Pada pasien trimester III, terdapat 15 pasien (31%) yang mengalami peningkatan SGOT pada rentang 26-52 U/L, 9 pasien (18%) dengan peningkatan nilai SGOT >52 U/L, dan 25 pasien (51%) memiliki nilai SGOT normal, yaitu <26 U/L. Pada distribusi nilai SGPT pasien trimester II, kedua pasien (100%) memiliki nilai SGPT normal, yaitu <35 U/L, sedangkan pada pasien trimester III, terdapat 4 pasien (8%) yang mengalami peningkatan SGPT pada rentang 29-58 U/L, 4 pasien (8%) mengalami peningkatan SGPT >58 U/L, dan 41 pasien (84%) memiliki nilai SGPT normal, yaitu <29 U/L. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah sebagian besar pasien memiliki SGOT dan SGPT normal. Pasien yang mengalami peningkatan SGOT lebih banyak daripada pasien yang mengalami peningkatan SGPT.Kata kunci: COVID-19; wanita hamil; SGOT; SGPT
Homicide Cases During COVID-19 Pandemic at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado, in the Period between March 2020 and February 2021 Jennifer T. Suwontopo; Nola T. S, Mallo; Erwin G. Kristanto
Medical Scope Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.v3i2.37373

Abstract

Abstract: There are various cases of problems in the legal field; one of which is homicide. This study aimed to find out whether there was a difference in the number of homicides before the COVID-19 pandemic compared to during the COVID-19 pandemic at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado. This was a retrospective and descriptive study by reviewing the Visum et Repertum (VeR) data recorded at the Forensic Section of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou, Manado. Variables were type of violence, sex of victim, age group of victim, cause of death, and date of examination. The results showed that the number of homicides were 17 cases in the 2018 - 2019 period and seven cases during the COVID-19 pandemic from March 2020 to February 2021 at Prof Dr. R. D Kandou, Manado, which indicated a decrease of 41%. Male was the dominant sex of victims. Group of teenagers aged 17-25 years, early adulthood 26-35 years old, and late adult group 36-45 years old had the same number of cases; each of two cases. The most common cause of death was sharp violence. In conclusion, there is a decrease of homicide cases during the COVID-19 pandemic. Most cases were male with sharp violence as the cause of death.Keywords: homicide case; COVID-19 Abstrak: Terdapat berbagai macam kasus permasalahan yang terjadi di dalam bidang hukum, salah satunya yaitu kasus pembunuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan jumlah kasus pembunuhan sebelum pandemi COVID-19 dibandingkan pada era pandemi COVID-19 di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan melakukan peninjauan data Visum et Repertum (VeR) yang tercatat di Bagian Forensik RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Variabel penelitian yang digunakan yaitu: jenis kekerasan, jenis kelamin korban, kelompok usia korban, sebab kematian, tanggal pemeriksaan. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan angka kasus pembunuhan pada era pandemi COVID-19 periode Maret 2020-Februari 2021 di RSUP Prof Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado mengalami penurunan sebesar 41%, yaitu dari 17 kasus pada periode 2018-2019 menjadi tujuh kasus selama pandemi COVID-19 pada periode Maret 2020-Februari 2021 yang dilakukan autopsi; terbanyak didapatkan pada bulan Juli 2020, dengan jenis kelamin korban yang terbanyak yaitu laki-laki. Berdasarkan usia, kelompok usia remaja berusia 17-25 tahun, kelompok dewasa awal 26-35 tahun, kelompok dewasa akhir berusia 36-45 tahun, masing-masing berjumlah dua kasus dengan sebab kematian berupa kekerasan tajam. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat penurunan jumlah kasus pembunuhan pada era pandemi COVID-19 dibandingkan sebelum pandemi. Korban terbanyak berjenis kelamin laki-laki, dengan sebab kematian berupa kekerasan tajamKata kunci: kasus pembunuhan; COVID-19
Description of Leucocyte Differential Count in Pregnant Women with COVID-19 Nabila Alifiah; Siemona L. E. Berhimpon; Glady I. Rambert
Medical Scope Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.v3i2.37841

Abstract

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has a high rate of transmission. Pregnant women are at high risk of infection due to the changes in their physiological and immune systems. This study aimed to determine the leukocyte differential count leukocyte in pregnant women with COVID-19. This was a descriptive study with a retrospective approach, using secondary data of the patients’ medical records during the periode of July-August 2021 at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado. The results showed that of 57 pregnant women with COVID-19, 92% had normal leukocyte differential count, 100% had normal basophil and eosinophil counts, 12% had neutrophilia, 23% had lymphopenia, and 95% had normal monocyte counts. In conclusion, in pregnant women with COVID-19 at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, the most common abnormalities in leucocyte differential count are lymphopenia and neutrophiliaKeywords: pregnant women; COVID-19; leukocyte differential count  Abstrak: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) yang disebabkan oleh severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mempunyai tingkat penularan yang sangat tinggi. Wanita hamil berisiko tinggi terinfeksi COVID-19 karena adanya perubahan fisiologik dan sistem imun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran hitung jenis leukosit pada wanita hamil dengan COVID-19. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan data sekunder rekam medik periode Juli-Agustus 2021 di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa dari 57 wanita hamil terkonfirmasi COVID-19, terdapat 92% dengan nilai hitung leukosit normal, 12% mengalami neutrofilia, 23% mengalami limfopenia, 95% memiliki nilai hitung monosit normal, dan 100% memiliki nilai hitung basofil dan eosinofil normal. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah kelainan hitung jenis leukosit yang paling sering ditemukan pada wanita hamil terkonfirmasi COVID-19 di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou ialah neutrofilia dan limfopenia.Kata kunci: wanita hamil; COVID-19; hitung jenis leukosit
Chronic pain in Post Covid-19 Patients Thaliannisa E. Abas; Sekplin A.S Sekeon; Arthur H.P Mawuntu
Medical Scope Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.v3i2.35702

Abstract

Abstract: Chronic pain is one of the clinical manifestations that is frequently reported  in post-Covid-19 patients. This condition may be triggered by specific psychosocial or biological stressors in some organs previously affected by the infection. This study aimed to obtain the incidence of chronic pain in post-Covid-19 patients and its pathomechanisms. This was a literature review study using two databases, PubMed and Science Direct, with the modified Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method for literature review. The results showed that there were 504 articles according to the keywords and 10 articles that matched the criteria. Chronic pain was experienced by 36.5%-62.5% of patients. Most literatures associated post-Covid-19 chronic pain with systemic tissue injury leading to increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and the presence of somatization due to psychosocial and emotional distress. Infections experienced by post-Covid-19 patients affected the sensitivity of nociceptors as recipients of pain stimuli and nerve hypersensitivity so that patients can experience chronic pain for a long time. In conclusion, the incidence of chronic pain in post-Covid-19 patients is high. Post-Covid-19 chronic pain with systemic tissue injury leads to increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and the presence of somatization due to psychosocial and emotional distress.Keywords: chronic pain; post-Covid-19; pathomechanism Abstrak: Nyeri kronis merupakan salah satu manifestasi klinis yang mulai banyak dilaporkan pada pasien post-Covid-19. Kondisi ini mungkin dipicu oleh stresor psikososial atau biologis spesifik pada beberapa organ yang sebelumnya terdampak infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan angka kejadian nyeri kronis pada pasien post-Covid-19 dan patomekanisme melalui telaah literatur menggunakan dua pangkalan data yaitu PubMed dan Science Direct dengan metode Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) yang dimodifikasi untuk telaah literatur. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 504 artikel sesuai kata kunci dan terdapat sepuluh artikel yang sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Nyeri kronis dialami oleh 36,5% - 62,5% pasien. Sebagian besar literatur menghubungkan nyeri kronis post-Covid-19 dengan jejas jaringan sistemik yang menyebabkan peningkatan produksi sitokin proinflamasi serta adanya somatisasi akibat distres psikososial dan emosional. Infeksi yang pernah dialami oleh pasien post-Covid-19 memengaruhi sensitivitas nosiseptor sebagai penerima rangsangan nyeri serta hipersensitivitas saraf sehingga pasien dapat mengalami nyeri kronis secara berkepanjangan. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah angka kejadian nyeri kronis pada pasien post-Covid-19 cukup tinggi. Nyeri kronis post-Covid-19 terjadi karena adanya jejas jaringan secara sistemik yang menimbulkan peningkatan produksi sitokin proinflamasi serta adanya somatisasi akibat distres psikososial dan emosional. Kajian lanjut dan berulang perlu dilakukan mengingat adanya dinamika perkembangan kasus infeksi maupun varian.Kata kunci: nyeri kronis; post-Covid-19; patomekanisme

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