Lowland Technology International
The Lowland Technology International Journal presents activity and research developments in Geotechnical Engineering, Water Resources Engineering, Structural Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Urban Planning, Coastal Engineering, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering.
Articles
463 Documents
Evaluation of Grid Pattern City in Tropical Zone Considering Urban Morphology Viewing from Shading Aspect
Khaing Myint Mo
Lowland Technology International Vol 22 No 2 (2020): Lowland Technology International Journal
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology
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DOI: 10.0001/ialt_lti.v22i2, Septemb.874
The impact on urban microclimate is basically governed by city morphology, materialization and landscaping of neighborhood. The modification of these parameters, such as city pattern, building facets design, tree pattern and tree species, can help to be healthy urbanism. This paper discusses about the evaluation of grid pattern city in tropical zone, which is aging, but still using as business area considering urban morphology with respect to shading since shading has supreme influence on thermal comfort. The purpose of this research is to investigate shading condition of existing city pattern to know whether the city is still reasonable to live or not by analyzing morphological elements using geographic information system (GIS), 3D modelling program (sketch up), shading analysis tool, quantitative method and statistical analysis. The scheme of this research is divided into two main parts: evaluation by the effect of type of colonial style building facet and evaluation by the effect of tree pattern and different tree species. The result provides hypothesis of urban morphology and appropriate design recommendation for Grid pattern city to maintain old urban area in conformity with tropical zone without vanishing original image of the city
Characteristics of Cement Treated Soil: A Case Study from Soft Bangkok Clay and Red Soil of Nepal
Salisa Chaiyaput;
S Manandhar;
S Karki;
J Ayawanna
Lowland Technology International Vol 22 No 2 (2020): Lowland Technology International Journal
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology
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DOI: 10.0001/ialt_lti.v22i2, Septemb.876
Soft Bangkok Clay from Thailand and clayey silt of red soil,Nepal have been incorporated for the research as a case studyin order to understand the characteristics. Highly plastic softBangkok Clay and low plastic clayey silt have been confirmedas non-swelling soils through XRD analyses. The peakintensities of red soil from Nepal is more than two times higherthan the intensity of soft Bangkok Clay. Higher water contentand warm temperature form lower intensities in the soft BangkokClay resembling the amorphous state with compared to red soilof Nepal. As a result, the amount of admixture of cement in clayvaries significantly to enhance the adequate strength. Hence,the research has delineated through determining undrainedstrengths treated with cement in different proportions at differentcuring time and checked the stiffness by passing throughultrasonic wave velocity. The specimens were extracted fromthe depths of 3.0 m and 12.0 m soil-cement column formed bydry method in Thailand and in-situ clayey silt from Nepal wastreated with cement. Besides, 20% local poorly graded soil wasadded in the clayey silt and all treated specimens were cured for7, 14 and 28 days. The results confirmed that the Bangkok Clayreceived the highest strength at 13.89% of cement addition for3.0 m depth core and 11.11% of cement treatment received themaximum strength for 12.0 m core cured for 28 days.Conversely, clayey silt from Nepal received the maximumstrengths at 7% cement treatment cured for 28 days.
An AN ANALYSIS OF SURABAYA RIVER CARRING CAPACITY BASED ON THE LAND-USE DIFFERENCES
Yulfiah Yulfiah Yulfiah
Lowland Technology International Vol 21 No 3, Dec (2019)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology
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DOI: 10.0001/ialt_lti.v21i3, Dec.890
Surabaya River has been indicated receiving a great pressure from the activities of people living and industries along the river. Currently, this river is still the major source of water supply for Water Source Department in Surabaya City (“PDAM Surabaya”). For this reason, the prediction of carring capacity in Surabaya River is needed. The ecosystem degradation is expected to decrease. The calculation is based on the differences of the existing land-use in the Surabaya watershed. The results of the load capacity demonstrate that the maximum BOD (Biologycal Oxygen Demand) and permitted BOD waste have a relatively wide tolerance span on some segments. Therefore, it takes a long time to reach critical points and positions on some segments. However, the maximum tolerance of BOD load and BOD of waste permitted in the dry season is lower than in the rainy season. Briefly, excessive waste disposal must be controlled to create a sustainable ecosystem in Surabaya River.
Effect of Fly Ash as Partial Replacement of Cement in Aggressive Environment
Irwan Ridwan Rahim
Lowland Technology International Vol 22 No 2 (2020): Lowland Technology International Journal
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology
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DOI: 10.0001/ialt_lti.v22i2, Septemb.908
Based on the Appendix I of Peraturan Pemerintah RepublikIndonesia No. 101 year of 2014 on the management ofHazardous and Toxic waste, fly ash is categorized asHazardous and Toxic waste with a waste code B409. Fly ashcan be used as a cement replacement material in themanufacture of concrete because it contains alumina and silicawhich can be used as construction raw material. The cost ofmaking fly ash mortar is slightly more expensive thanconventional mortar. It is because of mortar fly ash useschemical activators. Several literature reviews show that fly ashbasedmortar having good mechanical character, power andgood performance in acidic and sulfate environments. In thisresearch, fly ash mortar was made using curing (treatment) thatis 24 hour and 48 hours of curing oven. In this researchsimulated on aggressive environment that is 5% of H2SO4 and10% of HCl for 0, 7, 14, and 28 days. Due to functioning as abuilding construction material, it is necessary to test the loss ofcompressive strength and weight loss. The test was performedfor 0, 7, 14 and 28 days with the result: 1) fly ash mortar hadloss of compressive strength and optimum weight loss at theage of 7 days each on the 24-hour of curing oven and 48-hourof curing oven.2) although the cost the production of fly ashmortar in general is slightly more expensive than cementmortar, but in terms of environmental aspects it has a significanteffect on CO2 reduction than the cement production using coalcombustion.
A 2d numerical model of salinity distribution pattern on the estuary of Jeneberang River
Riswal Karamma
Lowland Technology International Vol 22 No 2 (2020): Lowland Technology International Journal
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology
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DOI: 10.0001/ialt_lti.v22i2, Septemb.991
Hydrodynamic factors and aquatic environment at the mouth ofthe Jeneberang River are a major concern for the managementof coastal areas and estuaries because can affect estuaryutilization activities. This study uses a two-dimensionalnumerical model to reveal the dynamic and physicalcharacteristics of the waters during the dry season at the mouthof the Jeneberang River. Measurements of tides, flow velocity,temperature and salinity were carried out prior to usingnumerical modeling to describe the tidal-driven flow circulation.The simulation model shows that the salinity distribution patternfollows the flow pattern so that it affects the distribution of thesalinity distribution. The modeling results show a decrease insalinity downstream of the Janebarang River estuary. Theupstream part has a relatively high salinity compared to thedownstream part, between 36.4 PSU - 36.8 PSU. Thedownstream part of the water has a salinity level ranging
The Impact of Village Fund Utilization on Embung Agricultural Infrastructure Development on Community Socio-Economic Activities
Nur Zaman
Lowland Technology International Vol 22 No 3 (2020): Lowland Technology International Journal
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology
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DOI: 10.0001/ialt_lti.v22i3, Dec.1003
One of the agents and development of the Indonesiangovernment nationally is to develop Indonesia from the marginsthat are considered left behind by strengthening regions andvillages within the framework of a unitary state throughthe policy of Law Number 6 of 2014 concerningVillages. Utilization natural resources is one of the mainaspects to achieve the objectives of rural development, namelyimproving the welfare of rural communities and the quality ofhuman life and reduce poverty . This study aimed todescribe the effect of utilization village fund on Embunginfrastructure development to the public economy. The methodused in this research is a qualitativedescriptive analysis method. Aspects of the easel d i priorities inthis study consisted of that aspect of the planning,environmental, infrastructure aspects, institutional aspects,social aspects and the economic aspects. The result show thatthe existence of infrastructure E mbung very helpful, because onrainy season, as a place to hold water , on the drought , asthe need for irrigation to irrigate the fields, the fields d early fortheir daily needs
Study on The Disaster Manageement In Indonesia
Andi Dibya Widadi
Lowland Technology International Vol 22 No 2 (2020): Lowland Technology International Journal
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology
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DOI: 10.0001/ialt_lti.v22i2, Septemb.1056
Palu City is one of the provincial capitals in Indonesia which is right on the Equator line. In addition, this city is one of the many regions in the eastern part of Indonesia that have a considerable potential for natural disasters. The natural disaster that occurred in Palu on September 28, 2018 consisted of three types of disasters, the first was an earthquake, the second tsunami and the last was liquefaction. This natural disaster caused damage to supporting infrastructure and thousands of people died. The large number of fatalities illustrates that the preparation and preparedness of the community and local government authorities are still low, mainly due to a lack of knowledge and concern for these natural phenomena and their consequences. The earthquake and tsunami disaster that took place in the city of Palu Sigi and Donggala was a momentum to change the paradigm of disaster management by increasing community preparedness. This research tells the story of the phenomenon of the three natural disasters, also tried to explain the steps and design of disaster mitigation. Disaster Mitigation must be implemented to reduce the risk of natural disasters. Public policy about community preparedness towards disaster management is very important and urgent to do in order to reduce disaster risk. Disaster cases in Palu City as a case study are considered relevant for the implementation of disaster management systems.
Evaluation and Identification of the Effective Factors on the Improvement of Walkability in the Neighborhoods of Rasht City
naeim ghaffari hashjin;
Yousef Jahanzamin
Lowland Technology International Vol 23 No 1 (2021): Lowland Technology International Journal
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology
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DOI: 10.0001/ialt_lti.v23i1.750
this study aims to identify and explain the effective factors on the improvement of walkability in urban neighborhoods. The nature of this study is applied in terms of objective and is analytical-descriptive in terms of method; furthermore, this study is a cross-section study in terms of time. The measurement tools in this study are the researcher-made questionnaire including questions related to the personal characteristics of the subjects and 40 indicators related to walkability. 400 questionnaires were distributed among the neighborhood’s residents and completed using a convenient sampling method and after the initial investigation, 387 questionnaires were used to analyze the data. data were evaluated using the Exploratory Factor Analysis Method. using the factor analysis, seven factors with the special value higher than 1 were extracted for the research items that after the factor rotation using the varimax method, the variables related to the improvement of walkability were classified into 7 factors; the factors obtained from the factor analysis, considering its constituent items, are called presence, surveillance, social, node and pause, economical, legibility, infrastructural, and physical factors, respectively. In the end, given the results of the research, some suggestions were recommended to improve the walkability in the urban neighborhood.
Utilization of Low-quality Bentonite in Landfill Liners
Ahmed Hosny Abdel-Rahman;
Mahmoud Fawzy Awad-Allah;
Khaled Mamdoh
Lowland Technology International Vol 23 No 1 (2021): Lowland Technology International Journal
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology
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DOI: 10.0001/ialt_lti.v23i1.792
Researchers are usually working not only on finding new alternatives for landfill lining which achieve environmental standards but also the low-cost solution is one of the important goals. The main objective of this paper is to introduce landfill liner materials that satisfy the standards and meanwhile represent economic solutions for this environmental problem. Extensive experimental tests were conducted on ten mixes of bentonites including: Atterberg limits, compaction curves, and falling head permeability tests. Moreover, field test was conducted to measure the permeability of the designed LQB mix using the double ring infiltrometer. Bentonite-sand mixes are consisted of two different materials in terms of grain size, permeability, chemical activity, and strength. The paper results indicated that if they combined in their optimum proportions, they succeeded in forming an excellent seepage barrier. The results have proven that the use of LQB instead of the HQB can achieve the required standards of the environmental protection agencies.
Risk Factor Classification Effect on Sematok Dam Slopes Stability
Indra Nurtjahjaningtyas;
Paksitya Purnama Putra;
Sholeh Huda Taufiqurohman
Lowland Technology International Vol 23 No 1 (2021): Lowland Technology International Journal
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology
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DOI: 10.0001/ialt_lti.v23i1.852
The Semantok Dam was built with extreme classified risk factors. These conditions require a more detailed review of its stability with the imposition of Operationing Basic Earthquake (OBE) at the 200-year return period, as well as the imposition of Maximum Design Earthquake (MDE) at the 10000-year return period. This study aimed to determine the response of the dam due to the earthquake load in addition to the influence of pore pressure values under rapid drawdown conditions. Results of analysis using load Maximum Design Earthquake (MDE) of 0.6 g show a significant effect on the slope stability of the dam. In these conditions, there is a failure in maintaining the dam slope stability. Further examination for permanent deformation due to the influence of the earthquake load still meets the required criteria.