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Lowland Technology International
Published by International Association of Lowland Technology
ISSN : 13449656     EISSN : 21878870     DOI : https://doi.org/10.0001/ialt_lti
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering Transportation
The Lowland Technology International Journal presents activity and research developments in Geotechnical Engineering, Water Resources Engineering, Structural Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Urban Planning, Coastal Engineering, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Sipil dan Struktur
Articles 463 Documents
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NUMERICAL RESEARCH ON BUILDING VENTILATION SPACE IN THE LAYOUTS OF RESIDENTIAL AREA Xiaoyu Ying; Wei Zhu; Kazunori Hokao
Lowland Technology International Vol 16 No 2, Dec (2014)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Building density in a master plan directly affects the outdoor physical environmental quality in residential area. Inappropriate design of a layout may cause impact on external comfort, such as lack of air movement. To tackle this problem, a dimensional variable, named as ventilation space was defined to feature the building density in a master plan. It consists of the gable space and fore-and-aft space. The Reynolds averaged equations and the renormalization group (RNG) κ-ε turbulence model was used to simulate the wind condition in some typical layouts under the weather condition in Hangzhou, China. The simulated wind conditions were assessed using the criteria, the wind speed ratio at some key locations on pedestrian level. The effects of the ventilation space on the air movement were discussed and an optimal space was derived for each of the modeled layouts. The set of results were expected to be used as a rule of thumb by architects and planners in master planning stage.
MEASURING PEDESTRIANS’ SATISFACTION OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT UNDER TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT (TOD): A CASE STUDY OF BANGKOK METROPOLITAN, THAILAND Pawinee Iamtrakul; Junyi Zhang
Lowland Technology International Vol 16 No 2, Dec (2014)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

The problem of continuous increasing of carbon dioxide emissions in line with higher energy demand in Thailand has been called for attention under global warming conditions. In order to tackle with this problem, transportation was found as a major sector in an escalation of energy consumption which is the cause of carbon emission. As a developing country, infrastructure development has always been focused on an increasing of supply side, while less promote on public transportation and almost ignore for nonmotorization. The purpose of this study is to propose the method for measuring factors associated with pattern of walking behavior in connecting to public transportation usage by selecting Bangkok Mass Transit System as a case study. The results demonstrated different dimension of built environment aspects influence on different level of pedestrians’ satisfaction. Thus, transportation planners should consider different context of urban area as a key parameter to provide future metropolitan transportation while allocate appropriate strategy and management policy to create walkable urban place to shift in travel mode from vehicles to transit or active transportation.
VALLEY BOTTOM CLAY DISTRIBUTION AND ADAPTED DRAINAGE TECHNIQUES Amadou Keïta; Laszlo G. Hayde; Hamma Yacouba; Bart Schultz
Lowland Technology International Vol 16 No 2, Dec (2014)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Waterlogged valley bottom soils of Tropical Savannah are areas where the richest traditional cropping systems are found, but they also face adverse physico-chemical conditions which can drastically drop rice yield. Subsurface drainage has been used for many areas to alleviate waterlogging. However, this drainage is dependent on clay distribution, type and location. The current paper analyses these factors for the case of Tiefora, a 16 ha valley bottom irrigated rice scheme in Burkina Faso. For this purpose, nine boreholes, with depths from 2 to 6 m, were realised. A total of 51 samples of soils were extracted at various depths, based on soil changes in texture and colour. These samples underwent grain-size-analysis. A comparative non-linear regression was performed on the clay distribution. Quadratic regression was the most appropriate. In addition, clay proportions were high - 20-30% in the 2 m topsoil - in the upstream and middle areas. A more important - 30-40% - peak was reached in the downstream area at 1 m, with a much smaller thickness (less than 50 cm) and higher permeability. These results suggest the application of mole drainage in the valley, except downstream where the classical Hooghoudt pipe subsurface drainage can be implemented.
The effect of water boundary conditions of advance face and lining on the evolution of internal forces in lining J. Song; L. Miao; S. Feng
Lowland Technology International Vol 17 No 1, June (2015)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

After tunnel excavation and lining installed, the excess pore pressures around tunnel dissipate over time, thus changing the soil effective stresses and leading to additional, time-dependent deformations. The deformation of soil around the tunnel can change the internal forces in lining. This study focuses on the effect of boundary conditions of advance face and lining on the internal forces in lining after tunnel excavation. The numerical model with specific geological conditions is established and the tunneling process is modeled by a step-by-step excavation using ABAQUS software. Four different cases were considered in the numerical model including permeable or impermeable boundary conditions of the lining and the advance face. From the calculation result the change mechanism of the internal forces in the lining after tunnel excavation are obtained. When the lining is impermeable the internal forces in the lining changes a little after tunnel excavation and when the lining is permeable the internal forces increased is dramatic. When the advance face is impermeable the increased internal forces in the lining are larger and when the tunnel is buried in large permeably soil the internal forces in the lining will be constant after tunnel excavation.
Analytical solutions for soil flushing through geotextiles considering filter cake and clogging H. Y. Wang; X. W. Tang; Q. Tang; B. Bai
Lowland Technology International Vol 17 No 1, June (2015)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) have been used in finegrained soils remediation system to provide a higher flow rate. However, the migration and accumulation of the fine particles in the soil result in the filter cake adjacent to the geotextile and the pore clogging in the geotextile. An analytical solution for soil flushing through a clogged geotextile with a filter cake is developed. The results obtained by the proposed analytical solution agree well with those obtained from the finite difference method. Results from an illustrative example indicate that the formation of a filter cake at the surface of a geotextile is far more disadvantageous to soil flushing than pore clogging within a geotextile. The 5-hour base concentration at the depth of z = 50 mm for the case just considering the pore clogging in the geotextile is just 1.06 times more than that assuming no filter cake and no pore clogging in the geotextile. When the pore clogging combined with a filter cake are considered, the 5-hour base concentration at the depth of z = 50 mm increases by a factor of approximately 4.94.
Effects of cyclic shear stress and average shear stress on the cyclic loading failure of marine silty sand J. M. Kim; S. W. Son; T. G. Ryu; G. M. Soriano
Lowland Technology International Vol 17 No 1, June (2015)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

This paper presents the cyclic direct simple shear (CDSS) tests to explain the long term cyclic behavior of marine soil deposits. Cyclic behavior of marine soil deposits depend on the number of loading cycles, vertical effective stress, cyclic shear strain amplitude, relative density, and cyclic and average shear stresses. In addition, the study investigates the effect of cyclic and average shear stresses on the cyclic behavior of marine soil deposits subjected to long term cyclic loading. Design graphs are plotted from the CDSS test results. These results are then modeled and can be used to design offshore structures such as offshore wind turbine foundations, and also used to assess the cyclic shear strength of soil beneath the foundation.
The relationship between tourist’s path selection and space image: A case study of peripheral lines surrounding the West Lake X. M. Zhao; J. R. Shi; Y. Y. Duan; Y. X. Lei; K. Hokao
Lowland Technology International Vol 17 No 1, June (2015)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Relationship between space image and tourists’ path selection patterns plays a very important role in landscape planning and design in scenic areas. Based on research of West Lake scenic area in Hang Zhou, this article studies the small scale space scenic images and big scale spatial structure images through questionnaire surveys, image recognition, image sketch, factor analysis, dynamic observation and other methods. The results indicate that there are four main types of space activities among the West Lake tourists, namely (1) the general activity type in the Bai Causeway and Su Causeway, (2) the general activity type in the Sunset Glow at Leifeng Pagoda, (3) the surrounding activity type in the Evening Bell at Nanping Hill, and (4) the surrounding activity type in the Music Fountain Square; and the proportion score has it in order from high to low. The score results of tourists' identifying picture and frequency of the five elements of space image in image maps are consistent with four main types of space activities observed by dynamic lines. Therefore, tourists' perception results of space image can directly affect the route choice behavior. And the more image elements can be perceived, the more reasonable path choices can be made. Finally, the research puts forward some suggestions tentatively on the planning and design of the West Lake area.
The evaluation system of ecological and low-carbon village in Zhejiang Province X. Y. Luo; J. Ge; M. Y. Lu
Lowland Technology International Vol 17 No 1, June (2015)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

This study constructed the evaluation system frame of ecological and low-carbon Village through 6 factors which are plan management, Eco-environment, Infrastructure, economics, energy saving and characteristic appearance in terms of the village attributes in Zhejiang Province . As well as the weight coming from the AHP method, and the judging method with the unity of the subjective and objective, a whole evaluation system has been made. This research chooses 2 different classic villages in Zhejiang Province as a case study and uses the above evaluation system to analyze and evaluate them, which verifies the feasibility of the evaluation system. We hope our study can promote the construction of the ecological and lowcarbon Village and give some reference to the village development in Zhejiang Province and even to the whole country
Awareness status of sightseeing bus entrepreneurs: A case study in rural areas of Thailand S. Jomnonkwao; S. Siridhara; V. Ratanavaraha
Lowland Technology International Vol 17 No 1, June (2015)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

The main objective of this study is to contemplate the awareness of entrepreneurs of sightseeing bus services as used by Thai travelers for private group tours and field trips through four considerations including 1) provision of convenient and safe buses; 2) provision of customer service satisfaction; 3) provision of experienced and well-behaved bus drivers; and 4) provision of bus services under travel safety. The study was carried out through interviews with 25 bus company representatives and found that factors which were raised the highest priority by entrepreneurs are provision of bus drivers having a valid driving license matching the vehicle type according to law and the provision of regular bus cleaning service. While a factor related to the provision of auto massage seats for relaxation was overlooked by all respondents. Moreover, the research team classified factors into 5 groups from A to E (highest to lowest awareness) using clustering analysis possibly making it easier to develop policy interventions appropriate with awareness of each entrepreneur group
Urban renewal evaluation for traditional neighborhoods based on sustainable community development rating system: A case study in Zhejiang, China K. Wang; Z. Y. Cao
Lowland Technology International Vol 17 No 1, June (2015)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Lacking evaluation systems, urban renewal for traditional neighborhoods has caused serious problems, hindering the urbanization process in East China. Based on the study of the evaluation system with regard to traditional neighborhood renewal and sustainable community development, this paper compares two current sustainable community development rating systems and the adjusting tasks and achievements in the case project. This paper argues that introducing a sustainable community development rating system is a feasible and workable approach to urban renewal evaluation for the traditional neighborhood. The paper extracts the related criteria from the two rating systems and applies them to the design in the case project. The subsequent results verify the necessity and practicality of this approach.

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