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INDONESIA
Respiratory Science
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27471306     DOI : https://doi.org/10.36497/respirsci.v1i3.17
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Focuses on original article reviews and case reports in pulmonary and critical care medicine Scope: 1. Asthma 2. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 3. Lung Physiology and Sleep-Related Disorder 4. Lung Infection 5. Thoracic Oncology 6. Interstitial Lung Disease 7. Environmental Lung Disease 8. Tobacco Control 9. Occupational Pulmonary Disease 10. Pulmonary Intervention and Emergency Medicine 11. Respiratory critical care 12. Respiratory immunology and biomolecular
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran Paru dan Pernafasan
Articles 92 Documents
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Inflammatory Markers of ARDS Events among Patients with Severe and Critical COVID-19 Infection at Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera Eva Susanti Debora Hutabarat; Fajrinur Syarani; Syamsul Bihar; Putri Chairani Eyanoer
Respiratory Science Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): Respiratory Science
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/respirsci.v3i3.78

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 can cause fatal outcomes, especially acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It manifests as organ dysfunction during COVID-19's hyperinflammatory phase, which is associated with a high mortality rate. Data on the clinical characteristics and inflammation markers of patients with severe and critical degrees of COVID-19 with ARDS events are limited. Method: This study is carried out at the Haji Adam Malik General Hospital in Medan. We grouped 204 medical records from February to July 2022 of hospitalized patients with severe and critical COVID-19 cases into two groups, ARDS and non-ARDS. Characteristics of demographic and laboratory inflammatory markers upon admission between each group were collected. After collecting data and serving as categorical data in the frequency distribution table by SPSS ver 25.0. Results: We identified 116 patients (56.9%) who had ARDS event upon hospital admission. ARDS event are most commonly found in the elderly group and the median age of ARDS group patients was 59.5 years higher than the non-ARDS group. Male patients were more likely to have ARDS than female patients. Compared with the non-ARDS group, ARDS group patients had lymphocytopenia, neutrophilia, increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein levels. Conclusion: Lymphocytopenia, neutrophilia, increased NLR, procalcitonin and CRP levels upon admission revealed that they were higher in ARDS patients compared to non-ARDS patients. It is critical to identify high-risk groups, such as male sex, the elderly, those with comorbidities, and patients with impaired inflammatory markers to prevent severe complications from COVID-19.
Dust Exposure and Lung Function Disorders Mona Lestari; Poppy Fujianti; Novrikasari Novrikasari; Rizka Faliria Nandini
Respiratory Science Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): Respiratory Science
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/respirsci.v3i3.80

Abstract

Dust is a particle floating in the air produced due to mechanical processes such as splitting, grinding, grinding, punching or blasting, cutting and destroying material. Dust particles in the air for a relatively long time can enter the human body through breathing. Dust less than 5 µm entering the human respiratory system can reach the inside of the lungs or alveoli can cause lung function disorders. Impaired pulmonary function is the inability to develop (elasticity) of the lungs as well as disorders of the respiratory tract both structural (anatomical) and functional which causes slowing of respiratory airflow. The International Labor Organization (ILO) defines pulmonary dysfunction as the accumulation of dust in the lung tissue and lung tissue reaction to the dust accumulation. Dust entering the alveoli can cause hardening of the tissue (fibrosis) and if 10% of the alveoli is hardening, it will reduce its elasticity in accommodating the volume of air so that the ability to bind oxygen is decreased. This condition causes a reduction in the supply of oxygen absorbed by blood capillaries to the brain tissue, heart, and other body parts.
Vancomycin-Allergy and Linezolid-Resistance in Patient with Methicillin-Resistance Staphylococcus aureus and Multi-Drug Resistance Acinetobacter baumannii Infection Wahyu Semara Putra Wayan; Dwita Yaniswara Ni Made; Sandy Laveda; Evelyn Nathania
Respiratory Science Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): Respiratory Science
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/respirsci.v3i3.82

Abstract

Background: Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP) has been burdening the healthcare system, especially when bacteria such as Acinetobacter baumannii and methicillin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are involved. They created a dilemma regarding the appropriate antibiotic therapy utilized against them, especially when the patient is allergic/intolerant to their drug of choice. Case: A 71-year-old man developed HAP while he was admitted for an ischaemic stroke. His bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) culture showed MRSA and Acinetobacter baumannii infection with multiple drug resistance including one of the drugs for MRSA infection, linezolid. Amikacin and vancomycin were given, but he developed an allergy to vancomycin. Due to the difficulty in treating him, we opted to administer only amikacin. His clinical condition showed daily improvement. During the last day of hospitalization, his sputum culture showed only normal flora. He no longer needed oxygen therapy and there was no longer any indication for him to be hospitalized. Conclusion: Individuals with multiple comorbidities, recent antibiotic use within the past 90 days, and immune-deficient conditions are at a higher risk of developing infections, including the possibility of dual infections. In this case, we found that the patient was unable to tolerate first-line drugs for MRSA like linezolid and vancomycin, which makes it difficult to decide upon effective treatments.
Analysis of C-Reactive Protein, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, PaO2/FiO2 Ratio on the Success of High Flow Nasal Cannula Usage in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Arina Aftritia Izzati; Ungky Agus Setyawan; Rezki Tantular
Respiratory Science Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): Respiratory Science
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/respirsci.v3i3.85

Abstract

Background: Several studies had shown High Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) is effective in treating hypoxemic COVID-19 patients. The C-Reactive Protein and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio is an inflammatory marker that could predict the severity of COVID-19, where the P/F ratio infers oxygenation status. Since COVID-19-related ARDS is closely related to a hyper-inflammatory state and HFNC becomes widely utilized for hypoxemic patients, it has become important to discover reliable inflammatory biomarkers related to therapeutic HFNC success. This study aims to assess the factors that influence the success of HNFC therapy, in terms of demographic and laboratory profiles of CRP, NLR, and P/F ratio. Method: A retrospective, single-center cohort study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Malang, East Java from January to March 2022. Subjects of 31 PCR-confirmed, hospitalized COVID-19 patients who were treated with HFNC were included. Results: This study involved 2 groups comprised of 19 subjects with successful HFNC and 12 patients who failed. Significant demographic factors affecting successful HFNC were female gender (OR=1.46 95% CI=1.08-1.99; P=0.037) and occupation type (P=0.023). Whereas, biomarkers of CRP (8.90±6.8 mg/L vs 12.39±11.7 mg/L; P=0.656), NLR (7.24±4.66 vs 12.85±12.9; P=0.243) and P/F ratio (171.40±54 vs 148.00±40; P=0.219) were found to be non-significant between successful and failed HFNC cohorts, respectively. Conclusion: HFNC could provide a specific positive end-expiratory pressure in COVID-19 patients with contributing factors of successful HFNC being female and occupational type. However, CRP, NLR, and P/F did not contribute significantly to HFNC's success.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Involvement in Tetralogy of Fallot: A Case Report of Tetralogy of Fallot Patient with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in A Tertiary Health Care in Indonesia Harik Firman Thahadian; Sumardi Sumardi; Eko Budiono
Respiratory Science Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): Respiratory Science
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/respirsci.v3i3.87

Abstract

ckground: Pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with congenital heart disease is a rare case and remains challenging to diagnose and treat. This study aimed to emphasize the association between pulmonary tuberculosis infection and management in patients with congenital heart disease. Case: This case study presents 18-year-old male with Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) who had pulmonary tuberculosis. The tuberculosis diagnosis was confirmed clinically, followed by positive IGRA. The patient underwent standard care within the hospital and upon discharge, he was prescribed with standard anti-tuberculosis regimen consisting of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol (RHZE) for a week then discontinued it. After 3 months the patient initiated intensive phase (RHZE) for 2 months and followed by 4-month maintenance phase of Isoniazid and Rifampicin. Immediate evaluation showed improved patient’s chest radiography and symptoms’ remission. This study presented provisioning therapy regimen and nutritional care delivery for pulmonary tuberculosis patient with ToF. Further patient’s clinical evaluation suggested a substantial recovery process. The patient prescribed with infection control and dietary management upon hospital discharge. Counseling to improve patient’s knowledge was performed to prevent recurrent TB. Collaborative care established between internal medicine specialists, cardiologist, pulmonologist, and clinical nutritionist appeared to be effective to promote patient’s recovery and quality of life (QoL). Conclusion: Appropriate management of cases improves patient outcomes and QoL. Early screening, diagnosis and treatment should be introduced regardless of the patient’s clinical status. Adequate support from the patient’s family and relatives are required to eliminate TB infection.
Myocard Injury in COVID-19 Patients After Application Of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell (UC-MSC) as Adjuvant Therapy in Persahabatan Hospital Mega Juliana; Triya Damayanti; Yasmina Hanifah; Erlina Burhan
Respiratory Science Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): Respiratory Science
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/respirsci.v3i3.89

Abstract

Background: Myocardial injury was a frequent cardiovascular manifestation of COVID-19 and associated with high mortality.  Cell-based approaches, primarily using mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) has demonstrated safety and possible efficacy as adjuvant therapy in COVID-19 patients. This study aims to evaluate myocardial injury in patients with moderate-severe and critically ill COVID-19 after the application of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSC) as adjuvant therapy in Persahabatan hospital. Method: This is a retrospective and prospective cohort study. A total of 28 subjects were allocated to 13 subjects in the control and 15 subjects in the experimental group. Subjects were given the standard treatment and UC-MSC or placebo. Myocardial injury is defined by an increase of troponin I >26 pg/ml. The biomarkers of troponin I, NT-proBNP and CRP was examined periodically. Cardiac pump evaluated by EF and TAPSE from echocardiography examination before and after UC-MSC application. The evaluation of myocardial injury, biomarkers, cardiac pump and 15-day mortality were observed between the two groups. Results: The incidence of myocardial injury was 28,6% of total subjects. Subjects with worsening myocardial injury were higher in the control group (6 subjects) than the experimental group (4 subjects) although not statistically significant. The difference in biomarkers (troponin I, NT- pro-BNP and CRP), cardiac pump function (EF and TAPSE) and 15-day mortality between two groups were not statistically significant. There was a trend of decreasing troponin I, NT-proBNP and CRP in the experimental group. Conclusion: UC-MSC application can be an option as adjuvant therapy in improving myocardial injury of moderate-severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients.
Remarkable Breakthrough: Unleashing the Power of Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in Defeating Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) of the Lungs - A Compelling Case Report Novita Andayani; Murtaza Murtaza; Rina Marlena; Syarifah Fera Muhawan
Respiratory Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Respiratory Science
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.88

Abstract

Background: This case report focuses on the evaluation of treatment efficacy in a 64-year-old male patient diagnosed with stage IVA lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the right upper lobe. The patient underwent chemotherapy using paclitaxel and carboplatin, administered in measured doses over six cycles. Close monitoring of patients was conducted throughout the treatment period, taking into account their clinical condition. Case: The patient underwent a computerized tomography (CT) examination before starting treatment, followed by a comparison in the third month of treatment. Encouragingly, significant clinical improvement was observed with respect to the initial complaint. The patient achieved an excellent response, the tumor appearance disappeared and the previous size was assessed by Partial Response (PR) based on RECIST criteria.  Discussions: The administration of paclitaxel and carboplatin in patients with SCC gave positive results. Metered doses and scheduled administration allow for effective disease management, leading to substantial clinical improvement. The case studies highlight the potential of this treatment regimen in treating SCC, emphasizing the importance of close monitoring during therapy. Conclusion: This case report underscores the promising results obtained with paclitaxel and carboplatin in the treatment of lung SCC. The patient's notable response, marked by clinical improvement and achieving a partial response based on RECIST criteria, exemplifies the potential of this therapeutic approach. Further investigations and clinical trials are warranted to explore the broader applicability and efficacy of this regimen.  
Continuing Monitoring in Respiratory Intensive Care Unit and Mortality in Patient Post Bronchoscopy Procedure Vina Fiqria; Kevin Aristyo; Rasmin Menaldi
Respiratory Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Respiratory Science
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.92

Abstract

Background: Bronchoscopy is a relatively safe procedure in the diagnosis and therapy of lung disease, however in some cases complications can occur which lead to further monitoring in the intensive care or respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) and even lead to mortality. This study aimed to determine the need for intensive care unit monitoring and the risk factors that increase the need for intensive care unit monitoring followed by mortality after bronchoscopy procedure. Method: A retrospective data of consecutive bronchoscopy procedures in Persahabatan Hospital between July to December 2021. Results: From 410 patients underwent bronchoscopy procedures, there were 52 patients (12.6%) were admitted to RICU after bronchoscopy. From patients who were treated in RICU 3 (5.8%) of them died. Patients who died during monitoring in intensive care unit had an older mean age of 60.3 years. There were 2 (12.5%) died after bronchoscopy procedures with two or more intervention, 1 patients (3%) died in the group with one intervention. There were 2 patients (13.3%) died with two or more comorbidities and 1 patient (5.9%) died with one comorbid. In the group with diagnosis of malignancy, 3 patients (7.5%) died. Whereas in patients who were performed surgery during bronchoscopy there were 2 patients (20%) died and only 1 patient (2.4%) died without any surgery during bronchoscopy. Conclusion: Although bronchoscopy is a relatively safe procedure but the need of monitoring in intensive care after bronchoscopy procedures were relatively high and mortality quite high compare to previous study. Further research is needed to determine the risk factors that increase the need of continuing monitoring in intensive care unit followed by mortality after bronchoscopy procedure.  
Differences in IL-6 Levels Based on Clinical Severity and Outcome of COVID-19 Patients at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Chicy Widya Morfi; Yessy Susanty Sabri; Dessy Mizarti
Respiratory Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Respiratory Science
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.94

Abstract

ground: A cytokine storm is defined by elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6). In COVID-19 infection, IL-6 is superior to C-reactive protein (CRP) and other inflammatory markers in predicting respiratory failure. The IL-6 is the main cytokine triggered by T cells when a cytokine storm occurs. IL-6 is the most important driver of immune dysregulation and ARDS in COVID-19 infection. The purpose of this study is to assess differences of IL-6 levels based on clinical severity and outcomes in COVID-19 patients at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital. Method: The study took place at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital from November 2021 to November 2022. This is a retrospective cohort study in which patients were tested for IL-6 levels between January 1st, 2021 and December 31, 2021. The distribution of the frequency and proportion of each variable is included in univariate analysis; bivariate analysis determines the correlation between the independent variables (clinical severity, length of stay, and final status of hospitalization) and the dependent variable (IL-6 levels in COVID-19 patients). Results: Patients' characteristics in this study, the majority of patients aged 18-49 years. Women and patients with moderate disease were more common. The majority of patients were treated for less than 14 days, and the final status of hospitalization the patients showed that most of the patients recovered. IL-6 levels with median (min-max) was 32.00 (1.50-589.00). The IL-6 levels were higher in clinically critical COVID-19 patients (77.20 mg/L), in patients with a shorter length of stay (14 days) (36.00 mg/L), and at final status of hospitalization were death (58.90 mg/L). Conclusion: There were differences of IL-6 level based on clinical severity and final hospitalization status of COVID-19 patients, but not from the length of stay in COVID-19 patients at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital.
Smoking Cessation: A Review Indi Esha; Riska Yuliana Sari
Respiratory Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Respiratory Science
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/respirsci.v4i1.100

Abstract

Smoking is a leading cause of preventable death worldwide. Smoking damages almost all organs and body systems and reduces the overall health of a person with the highest mortality, especially due to respiratory and cardiovascular disease. Evidence shows that the symptoms and prognosis of smoking-related diseases will improve after smoking cessation. Smoking cessation is one of the most important ways to improve the prognosis of patients with respiratory ailments. Counseling and treatment can increase the chances of smokers to successfully smoke cessation. Smoking cessation therapy must include pharmacological treatment (Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT), bupropion, varenicline or N-acetylcysteine) combined with nonpharmacological therapy.

Page 6 of 10 | Total Record : 92

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