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INDONESIA
Pillar of Physics: Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Fisika
Published by Universitas Negeri Padang
ISSN : 23379030     EISSN : 26852608     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/10741171074
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
This journal publishes original articles on the latest issues and trends occurring internationally in: 1 Geophysics, 2 Electronics and Instrumentation, 3 Material Physics, (4) Computational Physics. Other topics are related to physics are most welcome.
Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Fisika dan Astronomi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 17, No 1 (2024)" : 10 Documents clear
Energy Efficieny of Electric Knapsack Type Sprayer Powered by Solar Panel 20 WP Falefi, Rifai; Mairizwan, M; Yulkifli, Y
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/15389171074

Abstract

Indonesia, as an agricultural country that relies on the agricultural sector as a source of livelihood, is increasingly providing quality human resources to encourage progress in the agricultural sector. In an effort to advance the agricultural sector, various aspects need to be improved, one of which is the quality of even spraying of plant seeds. Therefore, the development of sprayers is a very relevant innovation. A sprayer is used by farmers to control pests and plant diseases. A sprayer is one of the agricultural equipment used by farmers to spray pesticides on plants to eradicate pests. The development of solar-powered sprayers has an impact on the environment and is a substitute for renewable energy. Then a test was carried out between the power produced by the solar panels and the power used by the pump. The first measurement was carried out and produced power on the solar panels with a total power of 1874.27 watts. The power used in the pump DC is 882.54 watts. Based on the power produced by the panel and the output of the sprayer, with a 20 wp solar panel in sunny conditions, you do not need a battery to drive the sprayer, but a battery is needed when the weather conditions are cloudy
Effect of Variation in Tapioca Adhesive Composition on Quality of Coconut Pulp Charcoal Bio-Broquette Hrp, Abdul Maulub; Darvina, Yenni; Gusnedi, -
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/15154171074

Abstract

Energy needs and consumption are still increasing, while energy sources continue to decrease due to their non-renewable nature. Renewable energy sources are needed as a substitute for alternative energy that is renewable, cheap, and environmentally friendly. Making bio-broquettes from coconut pulp charcoal is one of the studies that need to be studied and developed at this time. The abundance of coconut pulp waste is still not optimally utilized in managing its potential as a material for making bio-broquette. The composition of the adhesive used determines the quality of the bio-broquettes. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in the composition of tapioca adhesive on the calorific value, moisture content, density, ash content, fly content, carbon content, and burning rate of bio-broquettes. The material used for making bio-broquettes is coconut pulp charcoal. While the composition of tapioca adhesive that is varied is 30%, 40%, and 50%. The research used an experimental method, with 3 test treatments for each sample. The results obtained with 30%, 40%, and 50% tapioca adhesive for all test parameters have met the quality standards of charcoal bio-broquettes based on SNI 01-6235-2000. The best composition of tapioca adhesive is bio-broquettes that have a ratio of coconut pulp charcoal with 70% tapioca adhesive: 30% which produces the highest calorific value of 6,825.79 cal/gram, the lowest moisture content of 5.66%, density of 2.25 grams/cm3, the lowest ash content of 2.82%, the lowest fly substance content of 3.17%, the highest carbon content of 88.35%, and the highest burning rate of 0.1032 grams/minute
The Impact of Biostarter Em-4 and Buffalo Feces on The Quality of Biogas Created from Sugarcane Bagasse Fiber Zoni, Muhammad Ari; Darvina, Yenni; Ratnawulan, -
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/15394171074

Abstract

Energy is one of the most important needs in life. That’s because all human activities require energy to live. New breakthroughs need to be made to overcome the energy crisis, one of which is biogas by utilizing waste. Waste that can be used is sugarcane bagasse and buffalo feces, which have the potential to produce biogas. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a mixture of bagasse fiber and buffalo manure with the addition of EM-4 biostarter and without EM-4 biostarter that has the potential to produce biogas. Variations in the composition of AT and buffalo feces in this study were 50%SB: 50%BF, 40%SB:60%BF and 30%SB:70%BF without using the EM-4 biostarter. batch-type digester reactor type. The method used is the experimental method. The results showed that biogas production from the composition of a mixture of bagasse fiber with buffalo feces has an influence. Where the more buffalo feces added, the more gas produced. Then for the biogas production process using EM-4 biostarter and without EM-4 biostarter, it was found that the best in producing gas was using EM-4 biostarter, this was due to the function of biostarter which accelerates biogas fermentation so that the influence on biogas production was to use EM-4 biostarter
Effect of Addition of Seaweed (Sargassum Sp) Charcoal with Pure Graphite on The Optical Properties of Graphene Oxide Synthesized by the Modified Hummer’S Method kurniawati, Rega; Ramli, -; Gusnedi, -; Hidayat, Rahmat
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/14238171074

Abstract

Synthesis of graphene oxide from a mixture of pure Graphite and seaweed charcoal using a modified Hummers method was carried out with five variations of the composition, namely 100% graphite, 70% graphite– 30% seaweed, 60% graphite – 40% seaweed, 50% - 50%, 100% seaweed. From this experiment, it will be seen how adding seaweed with Graphite affects the optical properties of the resulting graphene oxide. Characterization was carried out using FTIR, XRD, and SEM, and for optical properties, a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer was used. The FTIR test results showed the presence of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) functional groups. The XRD test results showed the crystal size of graphene oxide, and the SEM test showed graphene oxide's morphology in the form of thin sheets and chunks. The FTIR, XRD, and SEM tests showed that adding seaweed with Graphite had no effect. The results of the UV-Vis Spectrophotometer test showed that the highest absorbance value was at a variation of 50% - 50%, namely 49.547 at a wavelength of 245 nm, while for the lowest energy gap value, namely the variation of 100% seaweed 2.2875 eV and the highest 100% graphite 4, 2393 eV, the energy gap shows that there is an influence, the more seaweed composition used, the lower the energy gap
Compressive Strength Analysis of Mortar Made from Volcanic Sand in Nagari Aia Angek Based on Magnetic Mineral Content Amirullah, Fajar Fikri; Hamdi, -; Dwiridal, Letmi; Amir, Harman; Syafriani, -; Ratnawulan, -
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/15247171074

Abstract

Mortar is a binder or adhesive with a standard viscosity of ingredients (water, cement, and sand). Mortar made has strength, mortar strength is measured using Cement Compression testing machine. Sand in mortar making contains magnetic minerals such as magnetite (Fe3O4) or Fe2+3Fe+2O4-2, hematite mineral (α-Fe2O3) which will be measured for magnetic susceptibility value using Bartington Magnetic Susceptibility Meter Sensor Type B (MS2B). To determine the concentration of magnetic minerals and their relationship with mortar compressive strength, the rock magnetism method was used. Measurement of sand samples of Kamumuan River, Sungai Limau District using Bartington Magnetic Susceptibility Meter Sensor Type B (MS2B) by categorizing sand into 3 treatment, namely Addition of magnetic minerals (PTM) with χLF value 3863.3 x 10-8m3/kg and χFD (%) 0.72, reduction of magnetic minerals (PKM) with χLF value 1920 x 10-8m3/kg and χFD (%) 0.79, normal magnetic minerals (PM) with χLF value 2334.7 x 10-8m3/kg and χFD (%) 0.62. The sample has a grain type that is almost no superparamagnetic grain and has antiferromagnetic properties. Samples grouped by treatment were made into mortar and tested using a cement compression testing machine with the results of mortar compressive strength, namely ATM of 49.4 Kg/cm², AKM of 46.6 Kg/cm², and AM 52.3 Kg/cm². Based on the analysis conducted, the magnetic minerals contained in the sand affect the results of the compressive strength of the mortar, the higher the susceptibility value in the sand, the stronger the compressive strength of the mortar
Effect of Addition of Seaweed (Sargassum sp) Charcoal with Pure Graphite on the Electrical Properties of Graphene Oxide Synthesized by the Modified Hummer’s Method Ra'uf, Andhyka; Ramli, -; Gusnedi, -; Hidayat, Rahmat
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/13916171074

Abstract

Graphite is the primary raw material used to create graphene oxide. However, other biomass sources can also be used to create or combine the carbon source. Seaweed (Sargassum sp.), which has a decent carbon content, was used in this study as the biomass used as a carbon source for mixing. The objective of this research is to ensure how adding seaweed charcoal will affect the electrical characteristics of graphene oxide. The modified Hummer process was used to create the materials. There are four different compositions available: pure graphite (100%), 70:30 (graphite and seaweed), 60:40 (graphite and seaweed), and 50:50 (graphite and seaweed). The product of graphene oxide variations made from other compositions will be compared to those of 100% graphite composition. The result demonstrated that the addition of seaweed charcoal to the graphene oxide synthesis was successful. It can be seen from some of the characteristics of graphene oxide at an angle of 2Ɵ by XRD testing. In the FTIR test, it was discovered that the graphene oxide sample contained C-O, C=O, C=C, and O-H functional groups, and in the SEM test, peeling was discovered on the sample surface as a result of the oxidation process. The addition of seaweed charcoal with pure graphite synthesized by the modified Hummers method affects the electrical properties of the resulting graphene oxide. The material's conductivity value and the area capacitance value of the graphene oxide material both drop in the LCR Meter characterization instrument.
Mechanical Characteristics of Organic Waste-Based Biodegradable Plastics with Variations in Cellulose Concentration and Synthesis Temperature Cahyaningrum, Wahyu; Jonuarti, Riri; Gusnedi, -; Jhora, Fadhila Ulfa
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/15279171074

Abstract

Biodegradable plastic is an innovative plastic material that is environmentally friendly because it has the property of being easily decomposed naturally by the activity of microorganisms.   Biodegradable plastics are generally made from starch and cellulose which are natural polymer materials that are easily decomposed in nature. Some organic wastes contain a lot of starch and cellulose, one of which is cassava peel and corn cob waste. In this study, starch from cassava peels was used as raw material in the manufacture of biodegradable plastics and cellulose from corn cobs which functioned as filler. The purpose of this study are to determine the effect of corn cob cellulose concentration and synthesis temperature on the mechanical properties and biodegradability of biodegradable plastics. In this study, the method used to make biodegradable plastic is by using the material mixing method. There are two treatment factors, namely variations in corn cob cellulose concentration of 0%, 1%, and 2% and synthesis temperature with variations of 70˚C, 80˚C, and 90˚C. The results showed the best characteristics for the tensile strength test at the addition of 2% of cellulose concentration and 90˚C synthesis temperature of 2.31 MPa. While the best elongation value is at 0% cellulose concentration and 90˚C synthesis temperature of 21%. The best biodegradation results were obtained from the addition of a cellulose concentration of 2% and synthesis temperature of 70˚C which decomposed perfectly in the soil for 8 days
Analysis Titanium Dioxide and Zinc Oxide in Physical Sunscreen Commercial with Protection Value 35 SPF Sofaturrohman, Fuad; Rifka, Lia; Syalsabilla, Maritza; Syuriyani, Mira; Raisa, Nadia; Jonuarti, Riri; Ratnawulan, -; Hidayat, Rahmat
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/15007171074

Abstract

This is descriptive research. A descriptive analysis method is a method of explaining symptoms using various variables from the study that are related to one another. This study investigated the shape, size, and composition of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles used in sunscreens to reflect and scatter ultraviolet radiation. The study focuses on the effects of these inorganic substances on ultraviolet and visible light absorption and reflection. XRF, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and XRD were used to analyze TiO2 and ZnO particles taken from 50-SPF sunscreen. The concentrations of TiO2 and ZnO in the product were 29.625% and 0.045%, respectively. The sizes of TiO2 and ZnO are obtained using a systematic equation, with the TiO2-particle nanosize of 26.31 nm in the form of TiO2-anorthic respectively. Based on the results obtained, the greater the TiO2 and ZnO content used, the greater the UV absorbance produced. Maximum absorbance indicates that electrons cannot absorb energy at that wavelength, so the energy is just passed through. Meanwhile, the greater the TiO2 and ZnO content used, the less reflectance there is in the UV region, and the visible light produced will also increase. Meanwhile, the greater the TiO2 and ZnO content used, the greater the reflectance in the UV region and the visible light produced
Design of Power Monitoring System for 2 Solar Panels Based on Thingspeak Hasanti, Widya Sukma; Mairizwan, M; Yulkifli, Y
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/15381171074

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the countries with large solar energy potential, namely around 3,294.4 GW recorded in 2022. However, solar energy utilization during 2022 is only 0.01%. Based on this problem, a research was carried out which aimed to combine the power produced by solar panels. This research emerged as a response to the need for energy efficiency and desires. With proper monitoring, solar panel owners can optimize their use of solar energy, reduce waste, and ensure that their solar panels are working at maximum capacity. This research is included in engineering research to determine the performance specifications and design specifications of the system that has been designed. Performance specifications cover a series of system electronic components and monitoring data displays displayed on Thingspeak. The design specifications in this research include sensor characterization, accuracy and precision of the Power Monitoring System For 2 Solar Panels Based On Thingspeak. From the results of the design specifications, the sensor used in the system has a high linearity value, good accuracy of 98.735% (voltage), 97.027% (current), and 97.994% (light intensity) and good accuracy of 99.905% (voltage), 99.549% (current), and 99.874% (light intensity).
Compressive Strength Analysis of Mortar Made from Volcanic Sand in Nagari Aia Angek Based on Magnetic Mineral Content Sumanti, Syahputri; Hamdi, -; Akmam, -; Amir, Harman; Syafriani, -; Ratnawulan, -
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 17, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/15122171074

Abstract

Compressive strength testing is carried out on mortar made from a mixture of sand, cement and water. Mortar is one of the construction materials in building structures that has the main function as a material for construction parts. The compressive strength test is useful for measuring and knowing the strength of objects against compressive forces. The method used in this research is rock magnetism to determine the abundance of magnetic minerals and compressive strength testing to determine the relationship of compressive strength results to the magnetic minera content of Nagari Aia Angek volcanic sand. Volcanic sand is measured using a Bartington Susceptibility Meter Type MS2B with 3 forms of mineral separation treatment, namely Magnetic Mineral Reduction (PMM) with a value of χlf  505,99 x10 m-83 /kg, χfd (%) 2.72%, Additional Magnetic Minerals (TMM) with a value of χlf 1026.72 x10 m-83 /kg, χfd (%) 2.14%, and No Treatment (TP) with a value of χlf 853.98 x10 m-83 /kg, χlf (%) 2.16. The results of testing the compressive strength of mortar using Compression Testing Mechine on 3 volcanic sand treatments were obtained (PMM) with a value of 169.14 kg/cm2, (TMM) with a value of 147.11 kg/cm2, and (TP) with a value of 141.81 kg/cm2. The magnetic properties of volcanic sand samples are antiferrimagnetic and have superparamagnetic mixed grains and coarse grains. There is a relationship between the compressive strength value of mortar and the concentration of magnetic minerals, the higher the compressive strength value, the higher the χfd (%) value obtained

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