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Rike Syahniar
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Muhammadiyah Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : 2721317X     DOI : 10.24853
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ) Faculty of Medicine and Health is an international journal based on scientific research. The journal is published 2 (two) times in 1 year, March and September. Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Faculty of Medicine and Health invites the lecturers, practitioners and observers as well as S1/S2/S3 students to submit their scientific articles about the progress of science in the field of Medicine. Article will be reviewed with blind-peer review process. The result of review will be announce in Open Journal System.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 87 Documents
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Growth Inhibition Effect of Syzygium aromaticum Ethanol Extract on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Tsabita Rana Kamila; Rike Syahniar; Indriyani Indriyani; Shinta Dewi Permata Sari
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.6.2.68-79

Abstract

Background: MRSA is the leading cause of death caused by antimicrobial resistance. The distribution of MRSA occurs globally, and the incidence rate is around 30 per 100,000 people per year. Cloves had antimicrobial properties that were tested in both resistant and susceptible clones. Purpose: To determine the growth inhibition effect of clove flower ethanol extract on the growth of Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Methods: This research uses an experimental design. Clove extract will be analyzed using gas mass chromatography-spectrometry (GC-MS). MSSA isolate was taken from S.aureus ATCC 25913, and MRSA  was taken from nasal swabs. The concentrations of the ethanol extract of cloves used are 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. All ethanol extract concentrations from cloves will be tested using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. The magnitude of the barrier zone determines the antibacterial properties. Results: The results of the GC-MS analysis showed three main antibacterial compounds, including eugenol, phenol, and caryophyllene. The average inhibitory zones of the antibacterial test at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% clove flower ethanol extract against MSSA were 16 mm, 16.33 mm, 17.67 mm, 18.33 mm, and 18.33 mm, respectively. The results of the average calculation of the inhibition zone in MRSA according to each concentration of clove flower ethanol extract were 11 mm, 12 mm, 13 mm, 14.33 mm, and 15.67 mm. Conclusion: Cloves have antibacterial properties, as confirmed by studies showing a zero zone in the MSSA and MRSA antibacterial sensitivity test, with the best concentration being 100% ethanol extract. The study's results show that the antibacterial effect of cloves affects MSSA more than MRSA.
Medical Students' Perceptions of the Clinical Reasoning in Large Classes at the Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta Nabilla Aulia Maharani; Oktarina Oktarina
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.6.2.80-88

Abstract

Background: Clinical reasoning (CR) is essential for all doctors, enabling them to manage patient problems effectively. Poor CR ability can lead to medical errors. The medical study program at the Faculty of Medicine and Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta (MP-UMJ), has introduced an innovative CR learning method, Clinical Reasoning in Large Class (CRILC). However, there is a lack of research on the perceptions of MP-UMJ students regarding this learning method. Therefore, this study aims to investigate and present the perceptions of MP-UMJ medical students regarding CRILC. Methods: This research used a mixed method with a concurrent study design. The research was conducted in October-November 2023 among students of the Medical Study Program, University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta. Secondary data obtained from the student questionnaire survey regarding the CRILC evaluation held by the lecturer in charge of the block is used in this research. A total of 100 sample answers were taken for analysis. Quantitative data was processed using SPSS and NVivo12 for the qualitative data. Results: The study revealed a positive perception among MP-UMJ medical students towards CRILC, highlighting its effectiveness and potential for broader adoption. Positive perception was obtained regarding students' impressions and benefits after participating in CRILC. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is the method that most helps students participate in CRILC. Determining patient assessment is the most frequently experienced difficulty during CRILC. Most students think that the CRILC method has been implemented well. Conclusion: MP-UMJ medical students have a positive perception of the CRILC.
Scarlet Fever with Hepatitis Rethy Swastriayuri Wijaya; M Fahrul Udin
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.7.1.1-7

Abstract

Background: Scarlet fever is an infection of toxin-producing Group A Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS) bacteria, usually presenting as a tonsillopharyngitis with spreading maculopapular rash originating from the trunk. The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported multiple outbreaks in multiple countries in recent years. It most commonly affects school-age and adolescent children. It has a good overall prognosis with proper antibiotic treatment and well-documented complications. Case Report: We present a case of a 12-year-old boy with typical manifestations of scarlet fever, but with abnormally elevated liver enzymes, suggesting a possible hepatic involvement with this disease. Hepatitis secondary to scarlet fever has been reported previously, though it remains rare, especially in pediatric patients. But even so, it has been recognized as a benign entity. The pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying these two diseases remain poorly understood. Conclusion: This case is reported to raise awareness among healthcare providers of this rare but important complication of scarlet fever.
Comparison of Treatment Duration for Drug-Sensitive Tuberculosis in Patients With and Without HIV Infection Muhammad Fachri; Farrah Salsabilla Ardhia; Raden Mirsyam Ratri Wiratmoko; Faisal Irsyad Ardhia
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.7.1.8-14

Abstract

Background: Indonesia had 842,000 new TB cases and 116,400 TB deaths in 2018, including TB-HIV cases. TB-HIV co-infection remains a major health concern. Objective: To compare the duration of treatment of drug-sensitive tuberculosis in patients with and without HIV at Jakarta Cempaka Putih Islamic Hospital, Jakarta Sukapura Islamic Hospital, and Jakarta Pondok Kopi Islamic Hospital for the period September 2022 to September 2024. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a total sampling technique was conducted on 82 patients. The analysis used an independent T-test to compare treatment duration. Results: Of the 105 patients, 15 had drug-sensitive tuberculosis with HIV and 90 without HIV. The majority of patients were men (66 samples), with the largest age group being 35-44 years old. No significant difference in treatment duration was found between drug-sensitive tuberculosis patients with and without HIV (p= 0.569). Conclusions: Comparison of the duration of treatment for drug-sensitive TB patients with and without HIV was the same, and there was no significant difference.
Profiling Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A 2023 Retrospective Study at Wangaya Regional General Hospital Ni Made Irma Yanti; Ni Wayan Widhidewi; Ni Wayan Winianti
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.7.1.15-25

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains among the top ten leading causes of death globally. Sociodemographic factors, comorbidities, TB type, and history of contact with TB patients are established risk factors for TB incidence. Purpose: The objective of this study was to identify the characteristics of pulmonary TB patients at Wangaya Regional General Hospital in 2023. Methods: A total sampling approach was utilized. Inclusion criteria comprised patients aged 15 years or older diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis at Wangaya Regional General Hospital in 2023. Patients with damaged or unreadable medical records were excluded. Results: Among 133 TB patients, drug-sensitive tuberculosis (DS-TB) was identified in 117 patients (88%), while drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) was found in 16 patients (12%). The majority of DS-TB cases occurred in individuals of productive age (60.2%), male (66.9%), employed in the private sector (76.7%), with low educational attainment (96.6%), a history of contact with TB patients (37.6%), newly diagnosed cases (34.6%), and HIV as the most common comorbidity (14.3%). Among DR-TB cases, most patients were in the productive age group (81.3%), male (75%), private sector workers (75%), with low educational attainment (100%), a history of contact (43.8%), newly diagnosed cases (62.5%), and type 2 diabetes mellitus as the most common comorbidity (31.3%). Conclusion: In 2023, the majority of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant pulmonary TB cases at Wangaya Regional General Hospital occurred in productive-age patients, predominantly male, employed in the private sector, with low educational attainment, positive contact history, and classified as new cases.
Anxiety Level and Academic Achievement of Medical Students at Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta Nadia Rachmawati; Mohammad Labib
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.7.1.34-43

Abstract

Background: Academic achievement reflects students’ learning progress. Anxiety is an internal factor that may hinder learning and examination performance. The COVID-19 pandemic has been a significant stressor affecting students’ mental health. Purpose: This study aims to determine differences in academic achievement among medical students of the Faculty of Medicine and Health, Muhammadiyah University of Jakarta, class of 2020, based on anxiety levels. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study involved 134 students selected through total sampling. After excluding incomplete responses, 121 students were included in the final analysis. Anxiety levels were measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), and Grade Point Average (GPA) data were obtained from institutional records. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test to examine differences in GPA across anxiety level categories. Results: Most students experienced very severe anxiety (51.6%). The highest mean GPA was observed in the no-anxiety group, while the lowest was found in the severe anxiety group. The Kruskal–Wallis test showed a statistically significant difference in GPA across anxiety levels (p = 0.019). Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference in academic achievement across anxiety levels. Higher anxiety levels were associated with lower GPA among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Effectiveness of Ethanol Extract of Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) in Inhibiting the Growth of Streptococcus pneumoniae Dian Shavitri Ariani Rusmana; Rike Syahniar; Rina Nurbani; Muhammad Dwi Putra
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.7.1.26-33

Abstract

Background: Pneumonia is a lung disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of death in children and the elderly. The content of clove flower ethanol extract shows bacteriostatic activity with a mechanism that damages bacterial cell walls. Eugenol content is known to play an important role in inhibiting the growth of S. pneumoniae. Purposes: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of ethanol extract of clove flowers (Syzygium aromaticum) in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Methods: This research method uses an experimental method. The sample used was Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619. Ethanol extract of clove flowers that had been diluted with concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% was tested for antibacterial properties using the Kirby-Bauer Agar Diffusion Test method in inhibiting Streptococcus pneumoniae. Results: The results of the antibacterial test of clove flower ethanol extract showed effectiveness in the form of an inhibition zone for the growth of Streptococcus pneumoniae with an optimal concentration of 80%, an inhibition zone size of 19.50 mm which is included in strong antibacterial, and there is a bioactive compound eugenol which is antibacterial. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) has been effective in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Polyherbal Therapy and Ayurvedic Approaches for the Management of Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Elderly Patients Resna Murti Wibowo; Syamsudin Syamsudin; Hesty Utami Ramadaniati; Probosuseno Probosuseno
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.7.1.63-72

Abstract

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from abnormalities in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. In 2021, there were 536.6 million cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus globally. Proper management of T2DM patients is essential to control blood glucose levels and prevent complications in other organs. The use of polyherbal containing Smallanthus sonchifolius, Syzygium polyanthum, Camellia sinensis, and Stevia rebaudiana helps treat T2DM patients. Case presentation: A 71-year-old male patient complained of frequent weakness, dizziness, blurred vision, chest discomfort, bloating, tremors in the hands, and tingling in both feet. Past medical history: hypertension, narrowing of blood vessels, and pancreatitis. The patient uses regular medication including nebivolol, amlodipine, atorvastatin, metformin, glimepiride, and neuralgic. The patient feels that the complaints come and go and feels depressed with a lot of medication and stomach discomfort. The patient wants herbal medicine for T2DM therapy. Conclusion: The patient was diagnosed with geriatric syndrome with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cervical spondyloarthrosis, Parkinsonism, chronic pancreatitis, and dyslipidemia. The patient received routine treatment for 3 months with a combined polyherbal formulation and showed clinical and laboratory improvement in HbA1c from 8.3% to 6.8%.
Human Papillomavirus Typing on Different Clinical Morphologies of Condyloma Acuminatum Sri Katon Sulistyaningrum; Taris Zahratul Afifah
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.7.1.87-97

Abstract

Background: Low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11 are estimated to cause around 90% of genital warts. However, data on HPV type distribution in different CA morphologies are lacking in Indonesia. Purposes: This study aimed to identify HPV types across various clinical manifestations of CA. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Dermato-Venereology Clinic, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta. A total of 37 patients were enrolled, yielding 40 DNA samples from 40 CA lesions. Result: HPV genotyping was performed using PCR and dot blot hybridization with the HPV Express Matrix®, capable of detecting 21 low- and high-risk HPV types and identifying multiple types within a single specimen. HPV DNA was detected in 34 of 40 lesions (85%). Four clinical manifestations of CA were documented: classic type (26/40, 65%), keratotic papules (2/40, 5%), smooth papules (9/40, 22.5%), and flat-top papules or plaques (3/40, 7.5%). Low-risk HPV types (6, 11, 42, 43) were identified in 28 lesions (70%), with HPV 6 and 11 being most common. High-risk HPV types (16, 31, 35, 39, 45, 52, 56, 66, 68) were detected in some lesions, either singly or in co-infection with low-risk types. Notably, high-risk HPV type 52 was found in keratotic and flat-top papules. Conclusion: This is the first study in Indonesia to identify HPV types in CA lesions of varying morphology. While low-risk HPV types remain predominant, the presence of high-risk HPV in a subset of lesions highlights the need for vigilance regarding potential malignant transformation.
Evaluation of Drug Interaction Potential and Influencing Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Comorbid Hypertension Qoyimatul Adilah; Yolanda Safitri; Shinta Dewi Permata Sari
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.7.1.52-62

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) patients with hypertension are often prescribed multiple medications simultaneously, increasing the risk of drug interactions, which potentially cause adverse effects and impact patient outcomes. Consequently, potential drug interactions should be identified to improve drug safety. Purposes: This study aims to analyze potential drug interactions and investigate the associated factors in DMT2 patients with hypertension and other comorbidities. Methods: This observational, analytical study with a cross-sectional design collected data from the medical records of 107 patients at Jakarta Islamic Hospital Pondok Kopi from October 2022 to October 2023. Potential drug interactions were identified using Lexicomp software, and statistical analysis was conducted using the chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests. Results: A total of 310 potential drug interactions were identified in 107 prescriptions (95.3%), with the most frequent drug combination being glimepiride-metformin (4.9%). The severity of potential drug interactions was classified as moderate (78.8%), minor (13.8%), and major (2.8%), and the potential drug interaction mechanisms were dominated by pharmacodynamic mechanisms (81.5%). The number of medications was found to be the only factor that significantly influenced potential drug interactions (p<.05). Polypharmacy increased the risk of potential drug interactions 6.7 times over non-polypharmacy prescriptions. The most prevalent drug interaction, between glimepiride and metformin, was classified as moderately severe, with pharmacodynamics being the primary mechanism. Conclusion: This study concluded that the number of drugs was the sole factor influencing the occurrence of potential drug interactions in this population.

Page 8 of 9 | Total Record : 87

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