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MAKILA: Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan
Published by Universitas Pattimura
ISSN : 19784996     EISSN : 27467155     DOI : https://doi.org/10.30598/makila.v14i2
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science
Jurusan Kehutanan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Pattimura. Jl. Ir. M. Putuhena Kampus Poka Ambon 97233 Tlp. (0911) 322499; Fax (0911) 322498 makilajournal@gmail.com
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Kehutanan
Articles 149 Documents
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Mengintegrasikan Keberlanjutan Ekologis dan Pengetahuan Lokal: Pengelolaan Agroforestri Tradisional Tembawang Belud di Ketapang, Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia Emi Roslinda; Siti Puji Lestariningsih; A.N Ranita Fitriani; Mario Raden Sungkalang; Rangga Saputra
MAKILA Vol 20 No 1 (2026): Makila : Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/makila.v20i1.25341

Abstract

Tembawang is a traditional Dayak agroforestry system that integrates ecological function with cultural values and community livelihoods. Despite widespread land changes across Kalimantan, Tembawang Belud in Gema Village, Simpang Dua District, Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan, remains actively managed through communal ownership. This study examines the management system of Tembawang Belud, focusing on spatial land use patterns, floristic composition, and the social capital underpinning its sustainability. Data were collected through biophysical and socioeconomic surveys, direct field observations, structured interviews with purposively selected key informants, and tree mapping with ground-check verification. A total of 30 plant species were identified, organized into three functional zones: a primary fruit zone, a spice and medicinal plant zone, and a diverse fruit zone in the hilly area. The management system reflects local ecological knowledge, cultural norms, and customary institutions rather than formal agrarian practices alone. Social capital in the form of trust, adat-based networks, and collective governance maintains the system's continuity and resilience. Tembawang Belud represents a sustainable, knowledge-based agroforestry model that is ecologically, socially, and economically viable. Effective spatial zoning and institutional strengthening are identified as key foundations for long-term sustainability of management.
Valuasi Ekonomi dan Efisiensi Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Air Multi-Sektor di Mata Air Baumata Laurentius DW Wardhana; Elisabeth Afjun Teme; Aah Ahmad Almulqu; Flora Evalina Ina Kleruk; Meilyn R Pathibang; Dwi Wahyuni
MAKILA Vol 20 No 1 (2026): Makila : Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/makila.v20i1.25350

Abstract

Water resources play a crucial role in supporting socio-economic activities, particularly in semi-arid regions characterized by limited and uneven water availability. Increasing pressure on water resources requires a comprehensive understanding of utilization patterns and economic value across sectors. This study aims to analyze water use, estimate its economic value, and evaluate the efficiency of water utilization across multiple sectors at Baumata Spring, East Nusa Tenggara. A quantitative approach was applied using a hybrid economic valuation method combining the Market Price Method (MPM), cost-based approach, and production-based approach. The results show that total water utilization reached 4,554,058 m³/year, dominated by the agricultural sector (90.40%). The total economic value amounted to IDR 2.46 billion per year, with the largest contributions coming from domestic and bottled water industry sectors, while agriculture contributed relatively little despite consuming most of the water. Efficiency analysis reveals significant disparities among sectors, ranging from IDR 5.01/m³ to IDR 1,214,486/m³. These findings indicate that the economic value of water is not solely determined by the volume of use, but by each sector’s capacity to generate added value. Therefore, water resource management should be oriented toward optimizing allocation based on efficiency and economic value while considering social equity and food security.
Pemodelan Variasi Longitudinal Sifat Fisika dan Mekanika Bambu Petung (Dendrocalamus asper) yang berasal dari Hutan Rakyat di Yogyakarta Agus Ngadianto; Masendra Masendra; Singgih Utomo; Ahdiar Fikri Maulana; Puji Lestari; Ridla Arifriana; Dwi Sukma Rini; Umi Latifah Dyah Dharmawati; Murzabyek Sarkhad
MAKILA Vol 20 No 1 (2026): Makila : Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/makila.v20i1.25443

Abstract

Despite the increasing utilization of bamboo as a sustainable substitute for wood, information regarding the longitudinal variation of physical and mechanical properties of Dendrocalamus asper grown in Indonesian community forests remains limited. This study aims to evaluate the longitudinal variation of physical and mechanical properties based on linear and non-linear mixed-effects modelling for Dendrocalamus asper Backer grown in community forests, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The results showed that the logarithmic model best explained most physical and mechanical properties of D. asper, whereas modulus of rupture (MOR) and compressive strength parallel to the grain were better represented by the quadraic model. The logarithmic model indicated that most properties of D. asper either increased or decreased from the base section and gradually stabilized towards the upper culm. In contrast, the quadratic model demonstrated that MOR and compressive strength parallel to the grain increased from the base to the middle sections before slightly decreasing towards the top of the culm. These findings indicate that the middle and upper culms sections possess higher values of most physical and mechanical properties than the base section, suggesting greater potential for structural applications. In addition, despite several trait-specific exceptions, the basic density and wall thickness of bamboo can serve as useful indicators of the physical and mechanical properties of D. asper.
Nyamplung Oil-Based Biodiesel as a Strategic Pathway for Renewable Energy Diversification in Indonesia Gesha Desy Alisha
MAKILA Vol 20 No 1 (2026): Makila : Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/makila.v20i1.21473

Abstract

Indonesia’s continued dependence on fossil fuels has intensified the need for renewable energy sources that are technically feasible, environmentally sustainable, and based on locally available biological resources. Nyamplung oil (Calophyllum inophyllum) represents a promising non-edible feedstock for biodiesel production because of its high seed oil content, which ranges from 40% to 74%, and its limited competition with food supply chains. This review critically evaluates the potential, conversion pathways, catalyst systems, and fuel-quality characteristics of biodiesel derived from nyamplung oil. The conversion process generally involves esterification pretreatment followed by transesterification, particularly because crude nyamplung oil contains high free fatty acid levels that may reduce conversion efficiency when alkaline catalysts are used directly. The reviewed studies indicate that biodiesel yield is strongly influenced by catalyst type, methanol-to-oil molar ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time. Heterogeneous catalysts, particularly those derived from natural or waste-based materials, show strong potential due to their reusability, lower wastewater generation, and improved environmental performance. Optimized production systems have achieved biodiesel yields of up to 98.15%. The resulting biodiesel generally complies with national and international standards, including SNI 7182:2015, ASTM D6751, and EN 14214, based on viscosity, density, cetane number, acid value, and flash point. Overall, nyamplung oil-based biodiesel offers a strategic pathway for renewable energy diversification in Indonesia while supporting sustainable resource utilization and reduced dependence on fossil fuels.
Potensi Simpanan Karbon di Hutan Kota Pulau Bungin, Teluk Kuantan, Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi, Provinsi Riau Ewi Irfani; Rini Dwi Putri; Pebriandi Pebriandi; Sonia Somadona
MAKILA Vol 20 No 1 (2026): Makila : Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/makila.v20i1.23734

Abstract

Bungin Island City Forest located in Teluk Kuantan, Kuantan Singingi Regency, Riau Province with an area of 3.7 ha is one of the Green Open Spaces (RTH) that has the potential to store carbon. This study aims to determine the carbon storage potential stored in vegetation and soil in the Bungin Island Urban Forest area. The research method involved making plots measuring 20 m x 100 m with a sampling intensity (IS) of 30%, using the systematic with random star method. Data collection included measurement of tree diameter (DBH), identification of plant species, wood specific gravity, and analysis of biomass and carbon storage from five constituent components, namely: (1) aboveground biomass (seedlings, understory, saplings, poles, and trees), (2) belowground biomass (roots), (3) necromass (dead trees), (4) litter, and (5) soil. Estimating carbon stocks using biomass data. Allometric equations were used to assess aboveground plant biomass. Data analysis for other carbon sources uses formulas according to national standards (SNI 7724: 2019). The results showed that the total carbon storage in Bungin Island Urban Forest was 155.32 tons/ha, consisting of aboveground carbon storage of 94.92 tons/ha (61.11%), subsurface carbon storage of 35.12 tons/ha (22.61%), litter carbon storage of 0.36 tons/ha (0.23%), necromass storage of 0.49 tons/ha (0.32%), and soil carbon storage of 24.43 tons/ha (15.73%).
Pengetahuan Etnobotani, Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Berguna, dan Kearifan Ekologis Lokal Masyarakat Adat Rongkong dalam Pengelolaan Perhutanan Sosial Novi Herman Sada; Maria Maria; Wiwi Oktaviani; Witno Witno; Elon Raysabda; Andi Utami Batari Putri
MAKILA Vol 20 No 1 (2026): Makila : Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/makila.v20i1.24257

Abstract

This study investigated the ethnobotanical knowledge of the indigenous Rongkong community in Rinding Allo Village, Rongkong District, North Luwu Regency, Indonesia, with particular emphasis on plant resource utilization and its relationship with local wisdom, cultural practices, and forest-based ecosystem services. Data were collected through field surveys, participatory observation, and semi-structured interviews with 59 respondents selected using the Slovin sampling formula. The findings revealed that the community utilizes 71 plant species belonging to 43 botanical families for various purposes, including food, traditional medicine, livestock feed, construction materials, fuelwood, handicrafts, and socio-cultural as well as religious ceremonies. Leaves were the most frequently utilized plant part, followed by roots, stems, rhizomes, fruits, and other plant organs. The diverse use of plant resources reflects the community’s long-standing ecological knowledge and contributes to household subsistence, local livelihoods, cultural identity preservation, and the sustainability of forest ecosystem functions. Traditional ethnobotanical knowledge is transmitted across generations through customary practices and oral traditions; however, it is increasingly threatened by socio-cultural transformation and modernization. Therefore, systematic documentation, revitalization of local knowledge systems, and community-based conservation strategies are essential to safeguard traditional ethnobotanical heritage while supporting biodiversity conservation and sustainable forest management. This study highlights the important role of indigenous knowledge in strengthening community–forest relationships within a sustainable development framework.
Analisis Pemulihan Vegetasi Menggunakan NDVI Berbasis Citra Sentinel-2 Di Desa Kiram Kabupaten Banjar Wirawan Noor Hadi; Fonny Rianawati; Hadi Rosadi; Yasinta Nur Shiba
MAKILA Vol 20 No 1 (2026): Makila : Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/makila.v20i1.25002

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze vegetation recovery dynamics in Kiram Village, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia during the period 2023–2025 using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from Sentinel-2 satellite imagery. A multi-temporal NDVI approach combined with NDVI change detection was applied to identify vegetation recovery trajectories and determine restoration priority zones. The results indicate a clear improvement in vegetation condition during the study period. The combined area of non-vegetation and low vegetation classes decreased from 11.47% in 2023 to 4.13% in 2025. In contrast, the medium vegetation class increased from 83.24% to 86.19%, while the high vegetation class increased from 5.29% to 9.69% over the same period. NDVI change detection further revealed that the study area could be classified into three vegetation recovery zones: rapid recovery, stable, and low-recovery zones. The dominance of medium vegetation, covering more than 80% of the study area, indicates that the Kiram landscape is currently in an intermediate vegetation recovery stage. These findings demonstrate that multi-temporal NDVI analysis is an effective approach for monitoring vegetation recovery dynamics and identifying priority areas for ecosystem restoration at the village landscape scale.
Growth Evaluation of Kemenyan Durame (Styrax benzoin Dryand.) Seedlings under Different Shading Levels and NPK Doses Marjenah Marjenah; Kiswanto Kiswanto; Yunita Selviani Putri; Achmad Syarifudin
MAKILA Vol 20 No 1 (2026): Makila : Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/makila.v20i1.25307

Abstract

Styrax benzoin Dryand. is a resin-producing tree species with considerable economic value, and the availability of good-quality seedlings is essential for supporting its cultivation and conservation. This study aimed to evaluate the early growth response of S. benzoin seedlings under different shading conditions and NPK fertilizer doses in a nursery. The study was conducted at the Silviculture Laboratory Nursery, Faculty of Forestry and Tropical Environment, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, from February to May 2025. The observed variables included seedling survival, height increment, stem diameter increment, leaf number, leaf area, and seedling quality index. The results showed that shading condition had a more consistent influence on seedling performance than NPK fertilizer dose. Seedlings maintained under a double-layer shade net with approximately 33% light intensity showed better overall performance in survival performance, vegetative growth, canopy development, and seedling quality index. Statistical analysis indicated that NPK fertilizer dose did not significantly affect the observed growth and quality variables, whereas shading condition significantly affected seedling growth and quality. These findings suggest that shade regulation is an important consideration in the early nursery management of S. benzoin seedlings. Maintaining young seedlings under moderate shade may be more beneficial than relying on increased NPK fertilizer dose alone. Further studies with longer observation periods and broader treatment validation are recommended to refine operational nursery protocols for this economically important resin-producing species.
Influence of Vegetation Structure and Canopy Cover on Litter Carbon Stock in Traditional Agroforestry Systems Syarif Ohorella; Rima H Siburian; Ihsan Febriadi; Mira H Soekamto; Ris Hadi Purwanto; Zulkarnaen Sangadji
MAKILA Vol 20 No 1 (2026): Makila : Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/makila.v20i1.25524

Abstract

Traditional agroforestry systems play a crucial role in maintaining ecosystem stability, enhancing the ecological functions of tropical landscapes, and supporting carbon cycling through the accumulation of biomass and litter. This study aimed to analyse the influence of vegetation structural attributes, including tree density, basal area, and canopy cover, on litter biomass and litter carbon stocks in traditional agroforestry systems in Southwest Papua, Indonesia. Data were collected from 30 systematically established sample plots measuring 20 × 20 m in Baingkete and Klayili Villages. Each plot was assessed through vegetation inventories, basal area measurements, canopy cover assessments, and litter sampling. Litter biomass was oven-dried and subsequently converted into carbon stock using the IPCC conversion factor of 0.47. The results showed that the mean litter biomass reached 0.886 kg m⁻², equivalent to 8.86 t ha⁻¹ of dry litter biomass, resulting in an estimated litter carbon stock of 4.28 t C ha⁻¹. Correlation and regression analyses revealed significant positive relationships between vegetation structural attributes and litter biomass. Basal area exhibited the strongest relationship with litter biomass (r = 0.79, R² = 0.62, p < 0.001), followed by tree density and canopy cover. These findings demonstrate that stand maturity and vegetation structural complexity are key determinants of litter production and associated carbon inputs. Therefore, the conservation of multistrata agroforestry systems is essential for enhancing carbon sequestration potential, supporting climate change mitigation efforts, and strengthening carbon accounting initiatives.

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