Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

The importance of education and role of educational institutions in climate change mitigation and achieving UN SDG 13 “Climate Action” Priatna, Dolly; Khan, Shujaul Mulk
Indonesian Journal of Applied Environmental Studies Vol 5, No 1 (2024): Volume 5 Number 1 April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/injast.v5i1.10559

Climate change is a long-term shift in weather patterns driven by natural and human activities, leading to global warming and extreme weather events. Education - both formal and informal, plays a crucial role in climate change mitigation by enhancing awareness, fostering critical thinking, and promoting sustainable practices. It equips individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to understand the complexities of climate change and engage them in informed decision-making. Education also promotes innovation and solutions, supports policy and advocacy, builds resilience, and empowers vulnerable populations. Climate change mitigation strategies align with Sustainable Development Goal 13 (SDG 13) “Climate Action”, but they also present synergies and trade-offs with other SDGs. Large-scale implementation of technologies can positively impact economic growth and job creation, but environmental issues linked to mineral extraction can detract from other SDGs. Careful management is essential to balance these interactions and minimize trade-offs. Educational institutions play a crucial role in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 13 (SDG 13) by fostering knowledge, research, advocacy, and sustainable practices. They contribute to climate education and awareness through curriculum development, research and innovation, leadership and institutional action, policy advocacy, capacity building, community engagement, ethical and sustainable values education, and monitoring and reporting. Higher education institutions can integrate climate change education into curricula, equipping students with the necessary skills to address environmental challenges. They can also promote global citizenship and empower individuals to contribute to climate solutions. By incorporating multidisciplinary approaches, educational institutions can bridge gaps in climate education and promote innovative solutions to mitigate climate impacts.

Utilizing Qual2Kw software to calculate the pollution load capacity of Ciliwung River Segment IV (Depok City) Prianggono, Margahayu; Rosadi, Rosadi; Sutanto, Sutanto
Indonesian Journal of Applied Environmental Studies Vol 5, No 1 (2024): Volume 5 Number 1 April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/injast.v5i1.8121

Situated in the administrative boundaries of West Java Province and DKI Jakarta Province, the Ciliwung River is a national river. Its river length is about 120 km, and its watershed area is about 425 km³ (DAS). The population of Depok City is growing at a pace of 1.79% annually, which leads to a rise in the demand for food, clothing, and housing, among other necessities. As a result of the growth of various industrial and community residential buildings to accommodate human needs, wastewater discharge into rivers will increase and the amount of pollution entering the Ciliwung River may surpass its carrying capacity if efforts are not made to control water pollution. As a result, research must be done to ascertain Segment IV Depok City's Ciliwung River Pollutant Load Capacity utilizing a simulation model and Qual2Kw software. Primary data samples of the Ciliwung River's water and pollution sources that enter it were collected for this study, in addition to firsthand field observations. Data calibration is carried out after entering hydraulic and quality data into worksheets. In order to ensure that river flow data still satisfies class II river water quality standards, modeling is done utilizing the following sources: (1) existing data; (2) upstream data of class II river water quality standards; and (3) current conditions of river flow and trial & error pollutant source data. The findings indicated that the Ciliwung River section IV, Depok City, has a somewhat contaminated water quality. Pollutant loads for TSS and COD criteria can still be accommodated in Ciliwung River section IV, Depok City. In the meantime, the BOD criteria for carrying pollutant loads has been surpassed; therefore, to meet class II water quality regulations, the BOD pollutant load needs to be reduced by 22.58% to 37.50%. ABSTRAK Terletak di batas administratif Provinsi Jawa Barat dan Provinsi DKI Jakarta, Sungai Ciliwung merupakan sungai nasional. Panjang sungainya sekitar 120 km, dan luas daerah aliran sungainya sekitar 425 km³ (DAS). Pertumbuhan penduduk Kota Depok sebesar 1,79% setiap tahunnya menyebabkan peningkatan permintaan terhadap pangan, sandang, papan, dan kebutuhan lainnya. Akibat tumbuhnya berbagai bangunan industri dan pemukiman masyarakat untuk menampung kebutuhan manusia, pembuangan air limbah ke sungai akan semakin meningkat dan jumlah pencemaran yang masuk ke Sungai Ciliwung dapat melampaui daya dukungnya apabila tidak dilakukan upaya pengendalian pencemaran air. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk memastikan Kapasitas Beban Pencemar Sungai Ciliwung Segmen IV Kota Depok dengan menggunakan model simulasi dan software Qual2Kw. Sampel data primer air Sungai Ciliwung dan sumber pencemaran yang masuk ke dalamnya dikumpulkan untuk penelitian ini, selain observasi lapangan secara langsung. Kalibrasi data dilakukan setelah memasukkan data hidrolik dan kualitas ke dalam lembar kerja. Untuk memastikan data debit sungai masih memenuhi baku mutu air sungai kelas II, pemodelan dilakukan dengan menggunakan sumber-sumber sebagai berikut: (1) data eksisting; (2) data hulu baku mutu air sungai kelas II; dan (3) kondisi aliran sungai terkini dan data sumber pencemar trial & error. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa Sungai Ciliwung seksi IV Kota Depok memiliki kualitas air yang agak tercemar. Beban pencemar kriteria TSS dan COD masih dapat tertampung di Sungai Ciliwung seksi IV Kota Depok. Sementara itu, kriteria BOD untuk memikul beban polutan telah terlampaui; Oleh karena itu, untuk memenuhi ketentuan mutu air kelas II maka beban pencemar BOD perlu diturunkan sebesar 22,58% menjadi 37,50%.

Analysis of flood-prone areas in DKI Jakarta Province using Clustering Method Aditya, Randy Daffa; Habibi, Muhammad Abdul Aziz
Indonesian Journal of Applied Environmental Studies Vol 5, No 1 (2024): Volume 5 Number 1 April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/injast.v5i1.10259

The objective of this research is to ascertain the patterns and organization of flood-affected areas in Jakarta. The dataset of flood incidents in the DKI Jakarta Province in 2020 served as the data source for this study. The research employed three methods: K-Means, K-Medoid, and Hierarchical Clustering. Of these, Hierarchical Clustering produced the best grouping in comparison to the other methods. The findings of the study show that the flood-affected areas in DKI Jakarta are classified into three groups: safe (cluster 1), moderate (cluster 2), and vulnerable (cluster 3). The districts of Cengkareng, Jatinegara, and Pulogadung are among the vulnerable areas. ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola dan penataan wilayah terdampak banjir di Jakarta. Dataset kejadian banjir di Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2020 dijadikan sebagai sumber data penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga metode: K-Means, K-Medoid, dan Hierarchical Clustering. Dari ketiga metode tersebut, Hierarchical Clustering menghasilkan pengelompokan terbaik dibandingkan dengan metode lainnya. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wilayah terdampak banjir di DKI Jakarta diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga kelompok: aman (kluster 1), sedang (kluster 2), dan rentan (kluster 3). Kecamatan Cengkareng, Jatinegara, dan Pulogadung termasuk wilayah yang rentan.

A comprehensive study on electricity utilization and CO2 emissions in Sami Laris Swalayan, Cilacap, Indonesia Yuliani, Aulia Rachma; Sari, Mega Mutiara; Suryawan, I Wayan Koko
Indonesian Journal of Applied Environmental Studies Vol 5, No 1 (2024): Volume 5 Number 1 April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/injast.v5i1.9506

In today's world, with an increased focus on environmental awareness and sustainability, mitigating carbon footprint has emerged as a crucial goal for businesses across various sectors, including supermarket chains. This research centers on Sami Laris Swalayan, a prominent and widely recognized supermarket chain, to comprehensively analyze its electricity utilization patterns and the corresponding carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. By delving into electricity utilization data spanning a specific period, this study identifies peak demand periods, explores energy-efficient opportunities, and assesses the potential for integrating renewable energy sources. The research underscores the significance of reducing CO2 emissions, advocating sustainable energy practices within the supermarket chain, contributing to environmental conservation efforts, and fostering a culture of responsible energy management. The investigation begins with a thorough analysis of Sami Laris Swalayan's electricity utilization, seeking to understand the varying trends and patterns in energy consumption. The data above shows the fluctuating electricity consumption of the company, with the highest figure recorded in April, reaching 26,965 kWh. The high electricity usage is attributed to the total operational hours from 09:00 to 21:00 and the addition of other facilities such as the accessory room, bakery outlet, and coffee outlet. In contrast, the lowest consumption was observed in February, with 23,796 kWh, which was influenced by the implementation of Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) at the end of January 2021. During this period, the operational hours were shortened from 09:00 to 19:00, leading to a decrease in electricity consumption the following month. ABSTRAK Dalam era modern ini, dengan fokus yang semakin meningkat pada kesadaran lingkungan dan keberlanjutan, mengurangi jejak karbon telah menjadi tujuan krusial bagi bisnis di berbagai sektor, termasuk rantai supermarket. Penelitian ini berfokus pada Sami Laris Swalayan, sebuah rantai supermarket yang terkemuka dan dikenal luas, untuk melakukan analisis komprehensif terhadap pola penggunaan listrik dan emisi karbon dioksida (CO2) yang terkait. Dengan menggali data penggunaan listrik selama periode waktu tertentu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi periode permintaan puncak, mengeksplorasi peluang hemat energi, dan menilai potensi integrasi sumber energi terbarukan. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya mengurangi emisi CO2 dan mendorong praktik energi berkelanjutan di dalam rantai supermarket, sehingga ikut berkontribusi pada upaya konservasi lingkungan dan menumbuhkan budaya pengelolaan energi yang bertanggung jawab. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan analisis mendalam terhadap penggunaan listrik Sami Laris Swalayan, dengan tujuan untuk memahami tren dan pola variasi dalam konsumsi energi. Data di atas menunjukkan konsumsi listrik perusahaan yang fluktuatif, dengan angka tertinggi tercatat pada bulan April, mencapai 26.965 kWh. Tingginya penggunaan listrik disebabkan oleh total jam operasional dari pukul 09:00 hingga 21:00 dan penambahan fasilitas lain seperti ruang aksesoris, outlet roti, dan outlet kopi. Sebaliknya, konsumsi terendah diamati pada bulan Februari, sebesar 23.796 kWh, yang dipengaruhi oleh penerapan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) pada akhir Januari 2021. Selama periode ini, jam operasional dipersingkat dari pukul 09:00 hingga 19:00, mengakibatkan penurunan konsumsi listrik pada bulan berikutnya.

The effectiveness of using a combination of eggshell waste and natural zeolite as an adsorbent for treating laundry waste Listianti, Elisa; Sutanto, Sutanto
Indonesian Journal of Applied Environmental Studies Vol 5, No 1 (2024): Volume 5 Number 1 April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/injast.v5i1.9751

In Indonesia, the laundry industry is expanding extremely quickly. There are worries over the concentration of surfactants accumulated in the aquatic environment because the laundry industry has expanded into both large cities and rural regions, yet control over the disposal of laundry waste is still quite poor. In order to lessen surfactant waste in the aquatic environment, we must control laundry waste. Eggshells are not used to their full potential because of a lack of public understanding. In addition to figuring out the ideal composition of the optimum ratio of zeolite to eggshell that can lower detergent levels in laundry waste, this study attempts to ascertain how successful it is to combine chicken eggshells with active zeolite in decreasing laundry waste. In this investigation, two adsorbents were used as a treatment for synthetic laundry waste (LAS) and laundry waste. There are two iterations of each treatment. A 1: 50 ml sample of 1.0 g of adsorbent in 50 ml surfactant samples (laundry waste) was employed in this investigation. It then splits into five different treatments: Zeolite 1.0 g and chicken eggshell 0 g (A), zeolite 0.0 g and chicken eggshell 1 g (B). Chicken eggshell 0.3 g and 0.7 g of active zeolite (C), 0.5 g and 0.5 g of active zeolite (D), and 0.7 g and 0.3 g of active zeolite (E). The findings demonstrated that the detergent content decreased from 50.507 mg/L to P1 (A) 39.535 mg/L, P2 (B), 44.794 mg/L, P3 (C), 38.311 mg/L, P4 (D), 42.063 mg/L, and P5 (E) 37.396 mg/L. These results corresponded to an advisory capacity of A; 0.5484 mg/g, B; 0.2855 mg/g, C; 0.6095 mg/g, D; 0.4222 mg/g, and E; 0.6553 mg/g. The percentage efficiency of each treatment was determined to be 21.724%, B: 11.311%, C: 24.148%, D: 20.073%, and E: 25.959%. E saw the biggest drop, coming in at 37.396 mg/l. According to the study's findings, treating chicken eggshells has a 25.959% efficiency rate and an adsorption capacity of 0.6553 mg/g. The ideal mixture is 0.3 gr. of zeolite and 0.7 gr. of eggshell. Eggshell and natural zeolite are combined in the absorption process of LAS/SLS compounds, with a contact time of 30 minutes and a discharge rate of 8 ml/minute. ABSTRAK Di Indonesia, industri laundry berkembang sangat pesat. Ada kekhawatiran mengenai konsentrasi surfaktan yang terakumulasi di lingkungan perairan karena industri laundry telah berkembang baik di kota-kota besar maupun daerah pedesaan, namun pengendalian terhadap pembuangan limbah laundry masih sangat buruk. Untuk mengurangi limbah surfaktan di lingkungan perairan, kita harus mengendalikan limbah laundry. Cangkang telur belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal karena kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat. Selain untuk mengetahui komposisi ideal perbandingan zeolit terhadap cangkang telur yang optimal yang dapat menurunkan kadar deterjen pada limbah laundry, penelitian ini juga berupaya untuk mengetahui seberapa sukses kombinasi cangkang telur ayam dengan zeolit aktif dalam menurunkan limbah laundry. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan dua adsorben sebagai pengolahan limbah laundry sintetik (LAS) dan limbah laundry. Terdapat dua iterasi pada setiap perlakuan. Sampel 1: 50 ml dari 1,0 g adsorben dalam 50 ml sampel surfaktan (limbah cucian) digunakan dalam penyelidikan ini. Selanjutnya dipecah menjadi lima perlakuan berbeda: Zeolit 1,0 g dan cangkang telur ayam 0 g (A), zeolit 0,0 g dan cangkang telur ayam 1 g (B). Cangkang telur ayam 0,3 g dan 0,7 g zeolit aktif (C), 0,5 g dan 0,5 g zeolit aktif (D), serta 0,7 g dan 0,3 g zeolit aktif (E). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan deterjen mengalami penurunan dari 50.507 mg/L menjadi P1 (A) 39.535 mg/L, P2 (B), 44.794 mg/L, P3 (C), 38.311 mg/L, P4 (D), 42.063 mg /L, dan P5 (E) 37,396 mg/L. Hasil ini sesuai dengan kapasitas penasehat A; 0,5484 mg/g, B; 0,2855 mg/g,C; 0,6095 mg/g, D; 0,4222 mg/g, dan E; 0,6553 mg/g. Persentase efisiensi masing-masing perlakuan ditetapkan sebesar 21,724%, B: 11,311%, C: 24,148%, D: 20,073%, dan E: 25,959%. E mengalami penurunan terbesar, yaitu 37,396 mg/l. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pengolahan cangkang telur ayam memiliki tingkat efisiensi 25,959% dan kapasitas adsorpsi sebesar 0,6553 mg/g. Campuran yang ideal adalah 0,3 gr. zeolit dan 0,7 gr. dari kulit telur. Cangkang telur dan zeolit alam digabungkan dalam proses penyerapan senyawa LAS/SLS, dengan waktu kontak 30 menit dan laju pelepasan 8 ml/menit.

Evaluation of the Cipalabuan River's water quality and measures for reducing water pollution in the Sukabumi Regency Rachmawati, Annis; Priatna, Dolly; Rosadi, Rosadi
Indonesian Journal of Applied Environmental Studies Vol 5, No 1 (2024): Volume 5 Number 1 April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/injast.v5i1.8203

The Cipalabuan River serves as an ecosystem that provides habitat for many species and as a source of water for industry, agriculture, and drinking. However, growing industrial and residential activity poses a threat to the amount and quality of river water. The river has recently contributed to both liquid and solid waste, which has lowered the quality of the river's water. The Cipalabuan River flows through the city center from upstream to downstream, collecting pollutants from the discharge of local activities along the river's course, including liquid and solid waste. By monitoring and computing the water's quality at a certain location and time, this study seeks to ascertain the current state of water quality. In order to create a sequential explanatory design, a mixed method approach was used, mixing quantitative and qualitative methodologies in parallel. Water quality in the Cipalabuan River is influenced by a number of factors, including the actions of those who use the river as a disposal site, public ignorance of the need to control pollution, competing interests in the management of water resources, and a lack of cooperation between authorized agencies in the management of natural resources and the control of water pollution. ABSTRAK Sungai Cipalabuan berfungsi sebagai ekosistem yang menyediakan habitat bagi banyak spesies dan sebagai sumber air untuk industri, pertanian, dan minum. Namun, meningkatnya aktivitas industri dan pemukiman menimbulkan ancaman terhadap kuantitas dan kualitas air sungai. Akhir-akhir ini sungai tersebut menghasilkan limbah cair dan padat sehingga menurunkan kualitas air sungai. Sungai Cipalabuan yang mengalir melalui pusat kota dari hulu ke hilir mengumpulkan zat-zat pencemar yang berasal dari buangan aktivitas masyarakat di sepanjang aliran sungai, termasuk limbah cair dan padat. Dengan memantau dan menghitung kualitas air pada lokasi dan waktu tertentu, penelitian ini berupaya mengetahui kondisi kualitas air saat ini. Untuk membuat desain penjelasan sekuensial, pendekatan metode campuran digunakan, yang memadukan metodologi kuantitatif dan kualitatif secara paralel. Kualitas air di Sungai Cipalabuan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain tindakan pihak yang memanfaatkan sungai sebagai tempat pembuangan sampah, ketidaktahuan masyarakat akan perlunya pengendalian pencemaran, persaingan kepentingan dalam pengelolaan sumber daya air, dan kurangnya sumber daya manusia. kerjasama antar instansi yang berwenang dalam pengelolaan sumber daya alam dan pengendalian pencemaran air.

Full Issue of InJAST Vol. 5 No. 1 - April 2024 Full Issue, Full Issue
Indonesian Journal of Applied Environmental Studies Vol 5, No 1 (2024): Volume 5 Number 1 April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Full Issue of InJAST Vol. 5 No. 1 - April 2024

Genetic variation based on RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers in western tarsiers (Cephalopachus bancanus) from South Sumatra and Bangka Island Pratiwi, Putri Rizki; Muharni, Muharni; Setiawan, Arum; Hanum, Laila; Yustian, Indra
Indonesian Journal of Applied Environmental Studies Vol 5, No 2 (2024): Volume 5 Number 2 October 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/injast.v5i2.11039

The western tarsier (Cephalopachus bancanus) is a nocturnal primate classified as Vulnerable by the IUCN. Understanding the genetic variation of tarsier populations in South Sumatra and Bangka Island is crucial for developing effective conservation strategies to protect this unique species. The research aims to determine the genetic variations of tarsiers from South Sumatra and Bangka Island by using 10 primers of the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular marker, namely ILO 525, ILO 1212, ILO 1204, OPE 16, OPE 17, OPE 19, OPF 06, OPF 04, OPY 03 and OPY 13. The RAPD primers utilized in this study are universal and effectively detect genetic diversity at interspecies and intraspecies levels. These primers have demonstrated the ability to produce clear and distinct electrophoresis band patterns in primates and other mammals. A total of six tissue samples were collected from Bangka Island, specifically from Petaling Village, Mendo Barat, and two additional samples were obtained from South Sumatra, originating from Selangit, Musi Rawas, and Padang Bindu, Ogan Komering Ulu. The Bangka Island samples were derived from a single population inhabiting a secondary forest characterized by shrubs and old rubber plantations. In contrast, the South Sumatra samples were obtained from secondary forest environments. Eight of the ten RAPD primers successfully amplified 89 DNA fragments, exhibiting a high degree of polymorphism. The genetic distance analysis, based on Dice coefficient values ranging from 0.000 to 0.629, revealed varying levels of genetic divergence among the samples. The bootstrap analysis further demonstrated that the relationships among all Western Tarsier (Cephalopachus bancanus) samples had a confidence level exceeding 50%. The observed high polymorphism reflects substantial genetic variability among the samples. RAPD markers thus offer a valuable tool for studies focusing on the relationships within closely related populations.

Cimandiri Watershed, Sukabumi District: A dynamic model for optimizing water resources Yuswandi, Yuswandi; Priatna, Dolly; Rosadi, Rosadi
Indonesian Journal of Applied Environmental Studies Vol 5, No 2 (2024): Volume 5 Number 2 October 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33751/injast.v5i2.9811

Water is a very important element for human life. Humans cannot survive without water, therefore water is one of the basic needs for human survival. Water resources in Indonesia are abundant, but only a few can be utilized as drinking water. Of the total water available, only 5% is used for drinking water, while the rest is water that cannot be consumed before further treatment. In addition, the current trend is to reduce the supply of drinking water. In researching and evaluating the water resources of an area, the quantity and quality aspects must be considered because both factors are measures that need to be taken into account in the utilization of water resources. A water balance analysis is necessary to compare the water availability and demand in the Cimandiri Watershed in Sukabumi District. An overview of the state of the water balance in the Cimandiri Watershed in Sukabumi District is anticipated to be provided by this research. This study employs secondary data and is descriptive in nature, utilizing quantitative methods for data collection, processing, and analysis. This study approach comprises the following analyses: 2022–2052 surface water and groundwater sources; 2022–2052 population; industrial; tourism; agriculture and livestock water demand; as well as 2022–2052 water balance. The analysis of water availability and demand in 2052 showed that 263,639,967.40 m3 of water was available and 76,738,969.50 m3 of water was demanded. Thus, we must develop a strategy and take action to ensure that extra water is used effectively and responsibly, thereby establishing a buffer for future shortages while also benefiting the environment and the community.

Full Issue of InJAST Vol. 5 No. 2 - October 2024 Issue, Full
Indonesian Journal of Applied Environmental Studies Vol 5, No 2 (2024): Volume 5 Number 2 October 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pakuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Full Issue of InJAST Vol. 5 No. 2 - October 2024

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name
Dolly Priatna

Contact Email
Injast@unpak.ac.id

Phone
+62-251-8320123

Journal Mail Official
Injast@unpak.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl. Pakuan, RT.02/RW.06, Tegallega, Kecamatan Bogor Tengah, Kota Bogor, Jawa Barat 16129

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Dolly Priatna

Contact Email Injast@unpak.ac.id

Phone +62-251-8320123

Journal Mail Official Injast@unpak.ac.id

Editorial Address Jl. Pakuan, RT.02/RW.06, Tegallega, Kecamatan Bogor Tengah, Kota Bogor, Jawa Barat 16129

Location Kota bogor, Jawa barat INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Dolly Priatna

Contact Email
Injast@unpak.ac.id

Phone
+62-251-8320123

Journal Mail Official
Injast@unpak.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl. Pakuan, RT.02/RW.06, Tegallega, Kecamatan Bogor Tengah, Kota Bogor, Jawa Barat 16129

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA