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Jurnal Litbang Industri

jli
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Published by Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Padang

ISSN : 22523367 EISSN : 25025007 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.24960/jli.v12i1.7464.27-32

Core Subject : Science,

Chemistry

Jurnal Litbang Industri (JLI) is a scientific journal published regularly twice a year in June and December. JLI contains primary articles or reviews are sourced directly from results of industrial research such as processing of agricultural products, food processing, fishing industry, mining industry, industrial standardization, and pollution control. All submissions are reviewed by qualified reviewers in their field.

Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)

Articles 213 Documents

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Aplikasi Isolat Bakteri Indigenous Ubi Kayu Karet (Manihot glaziovii) pada Fermentasi Pembuatan Mocaf K Kamsina; N Nurmiati; P Periadnadi
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 7, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Indigenous bacteria isolate of cassava rubber (Manihot glaziovii) is an isolate of native bacteria which is available in rubber cassava tubers. Rubber cassava tuber is a cassava with a high content of cyanide acid (HCN). The study was aimed to see the ability of indigenous bacteria isolate of cassava cultivar rubber (BUG1) on mocaf making fermentation. This study used a completely randomized design with treatments (A) addition of starter indigenous bacteria isolates of rubber variety (BUG1), (B) without isolates, and (C) without fermentation. The resulting mocaf product was conducted a chemical tests consisted of moisture, ash, starch, acid degree, coarse fiber, and HCN content, while organoleptic tests consisted of color, aroma, and texture. The analysis results on the various treatments showed that the optimal treatment of mocaf flour produced was the addition of indigenous bacteria isolate starter of rubber variety (BUG1).ABSTRAKIsolat bakteri indigenous ubi kayu karet (Manihot glaziovii) merupakan isolat bakteri asli yang berada dalam umbi ubi kayu karet. Ubi kayu kultivar karet merupakan ubi kayu dengan kandungan asam sianida (HCN) tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajari kemampuan isolat bakteri indigenous ubi kayu kultivar karet (BUG1) pada fermentasi pembuatan mocaf. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan (A) pemberian starter isolat bakteri indigenous varietas karet (BUG1), (B) tanpa isolat, dan (C) tanpa fermentasi. Terhadap produk mocaf yang dihasilkan dilakukan uji kimia meliputi kadar air, abu, pati, derajat asam, serat kasar, dan kadar HCN, sedangkan uji organoleptik meliputi warna, aroma, dan tekstur. Hasil analisis terhadap berbagai perlakuan menunjukkan perlakuan optimal untuk tepung mocaf yang dihasilkan adalah pemberian starter isolat bakteri indigenous varietas karet (BUG1).

Uji Mekanik Plastik Biodegradable dari Pati Sagu dan Grafting Poly(Nipam)-Kitosan dengan Penambahan Minyak Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) Sebagai Antioksidan Isna Safitri; Medyan Riza; Syaubari Syaubari
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 6, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Nonbiodegradable plastic is packaging that can be decomposed by microorganisms so that a viable alternative to replace conventional plastic packaging that cause problems for the environment. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of the mechanical test and others consisting of three variables and each variable consists of three level of concentration. The first variable was additional grafting of Poly (Nipam) - chytosan consisting of 5%, 7% and 9%. The second variable was additional glycerols which were 15%, 30%, 45%. The third variable was concentrations of cinnamon oil which were 10%, 15% and 20%. This research produced a thin sheet of plastic, transparant, and elastic and it had a slightly yellowish translucent color. The tensile strength value was about 1.34-2.57MPa, 36.22-66.30% of elongation value, and 22.22% -58.82% of water absorption. Antioxidant test was performed by wrapping an apple with biodegradable plastics containing cinnamon oil. It could inhibit the growth of microorganisms. The apples changed significantly on day 8. In biodegradability test, this plastic was decomposed after buried for 56 days in the soil.ABSTRAKPlastik biodegradable adalah kemasan yang dapat diurai oleh mikroorganisme sehingga menjadi alternatif untuk menggantikan plastik kemasan konvensional yang menimbulkan permasalahan bagi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh terhadap uji mekanisnya dan lain-lain yang terdiri atas tiga variabel dan masing-masing variabel terdiri dari tiga taraf kosentrasi. Variabel pertama adalah variasi penambahan grafting Poly(NIPAM)-kitosan yang terdiri dari kosentrasi 5%, 7% dan 9%. Variabel kedua adalah variasi penambahan gliserol yang terdiri dari kosentrasi 15%, 30%, 45% dan variabel ketiga adalah variasi penambahan minyak kayu manis yang terdiri dari kosentrasi 10%, 15% dan 20%. Penelitian ini menghasilkan plastik berupa lembaran tipis, transparan, dan elastis serta memiliki warna bening sedikit kekuningan. Plastik yang dihasilkan memiliki nilai kuat tarik sebesar 1,34-2,57 MPa, elongasi 36,22- 66,30%, dan penyerapan air 22,22%-58,82%. Hasil uji antioksidan dilakukan dengan membungkus apel dengan plastik biodegradable yang mengandung minyak kayu manis mampu menghambat pertumbuhan mikroorganisme, apel mengalami perubahan signifikan pada hari ke 8. Pada uji biodegrabilitas plastik ini terurai dalam tanah selama 56 hari.

Front Matter Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol. 10 No. 1 Juni Tahun 2020 Sofyan Sofyan
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 10, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Front Matter Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol. 10 No. 1 Juni Tahun 2020

Pengembangan Adsorben dari Limbah Lumpur Industri Crumb Rubber Yang Diaktivasi dengan H3PO4 Untuk Menyerap Ion Cr(VI) Salmariza Salmariza; Mawardi Mawardi; Resti Hariyani; Monik Kasman
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 4, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Developing an adsorbent from activated sludge waste of crumb rubber industry which was activated by H3PO4 for Adsorption of Cr(VI) had been done. The research was carried out by characterization of activated carbon in accordance with Indonesia National Standard (SNI) 06-3730-1995, involved determination of iodine absorption, water content, and bounded carbon content. The research was conducted in batch system for activated carbon and adsorbent without activation, by observed pH sollution, contact time, and initial concentration of the treatment solution. Determination of maximum absorption capacity of activated carbon on Cr(VI) used the Langmuir isotherm equation. From the characterization study of activated carbon was obtained that adsorption of iodine 482.6 mg/g, water content 0.14%, and bonded carbon content 24.925%. The results revealed that H3PO4 activator affected the adsorption of Cr(VI). Research with batch systems were obtained the optimum pH 2, contact time 120 minutes, and the optimum concentration 50 mg/L for adsorbent without activation and optimum pH 3, contact time 60 minutes, and the optimum concentration 50 mg/L for activated carbon. The maximum adsorption capacity was obtained 1.16 mg/g for adsorbent without activation and 1.99 mg/g for activated carbon.ABSTRAK Pengembangan adsorben dari limbah lumpur aktif Industri Crumb Rubber yang diaktivasi dengan H3PO4 untuk menyerap ion Cr(VI) telah dilakukan. Pada penelitian dilakukan karakterisasi karbon aktif sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 06-3730-1995, meliputi penentuan daya serap terhadap iodin, kadar air, dan kadar karbon terikat. Penelitian dilakukan dengan sistem batch terhadap karbon aktif dan adsorben tanpa aktivasi, dengan mengamati pH larutan, waktu kontak, dan konsentrasi awal larutan. Penentuan kapasitas serapan maksimum karbon aktif terhadap Cr(VI) menggunakan persamaan Isoterm Langmuir. Hasil penelitian karakterisasi karbon aktif didapatkan daya serap terhadap iodin 482,6 mg/g, kadar air 0,14%, dan kadar karbon terikat 24,925%. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan aktivator H3PO4 mempengaruhi daya serap terhadap Cr(VI). Penelitian dengan sistem batch didapatkan pH optimum 2, waktu kontak 120 menit, dan konsentrasi optimum 50 mg/L untuk adsorben tanpa aktivasi dan pH optimum 3, waktu kontak 60 menit, dan konsentrasi optimum 50 mg/L untuk karbon aktif. Kapasitas serapan maksimum didapatkan 1,16 mg/g untuk adsorben tanpa aktivasi dan 1,99 mg/g untuk karbon aktif.

Purification of biodiesel from crude palm oil using multistage portable fixed bed adsorber Mohammad Prasanto Bimantio; Herawati Oktavianty; Reza Widyasaputra
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 12, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Crude biodiesel needs to go through purification process, to meet international biodiesel specifications.. The widely used adsorption column is in the form of a fixed bed column, where the contents of the column are stacked in a mess. This makes the adsorbent difficult to clean and fill, and irregular adsorbent accumulation can hinder the flow of the fluid to be purified. In this study, an adsorption column with a portable circulation system used to observe the influence of circulation and adsorption level on the purity of biodiesel. Main equipment of this research is a portable adsorption biodiesel purification device. The column consists of: top distributor, packed bed and bottom collector. The tool is made of 3D printed polymer material. At the bottom of the tower there is a buffer tank and a pump for circulating the biodiesel to be purified. The results showed that some analytical parameters based on the results of t-test, namely: density, acid value, saponification and yellowish-blue tendency, there are significant differences between the results before and after purification. For all the parameters analyzed in this study, the number of stages and fluid circulation gave significantly different results. The results of methyl ester analysis confirmed this, where the more cycles in the column, the higher the methyl ester peak produced. As number of cycles in the adsorption column increases, peak area of the methyl ester produced becomes wider, which can be explained by the ability of column and its packing materials to filter impurities present in column.

Back Matter Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol. 8 No. 2 Desember Tahun 2018 JLI Padang
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 8, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Back Matter Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol. 8 No. 2 Desember Tahun 2018

Pembuatan Biobriket dari Limbah Cangkang Kakao Munas Martynis; Elmi Sundari; Ellyta Sari
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 2, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Biobriquette is an alternative energy as fuel substitute which is produced from organic materials or underutilized agricultural waste (biomass). Some types of biomass waste has considerable potential as wood waste, rice husks, straw, bagasse, palm shells, and municipal solid waste. Another untapped potential is the cocoa shell waste. These wastes are not used if it will cause a bad odor and may damage ecosystems. This study aims to see the effect of particle size variations and biobriquette shape to the biobriquette compressive strength produced, quality analysis, and combustion rate of biobriquette. The making of biobriquette used starch as adhesive as much as 50% of the biobriquette weight, variations of biobriquette particle size were 30 mesh and 60 mesh, the shape of biobriquette were hollow cylinder and solid cylinder. The results showed that biobriquette generated met the fuel standards for households. The best biobriquette was hollow cylinder biobriquette with the size of 30 mesh and the resulting calorific value was more than 4000 cal/g. Based on burning test, biobriquette obtained could be used as fuel.ABSTRAKBiobriket merupakan energi alternatif pengganti bahan bakar yang dihasilkan dari bahan-bahan organik atau limbah pertanian (biomassa) yang kurang termanfaatkan. Beberapa jenis limbah biomassa memiliki potensi yang cukup besar seperti limbah kayu, sekam padi, jerami, ampas tebu, cangkang sawit, dan sampah kota. Potensi lain yang belum tergarap adalah limbah cangkang kakao. Limbah-limbah tersebut apabila tidak dimanfaatkan maka akan menimbulkan bau yang tidak sedap dan dapat merusak ekosistem lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh variasi ukuran partikel dan bentuk biobriket terhadap kuat tekan biobriket yang dihasilkan, menganalisa mutu dan laju pembakaran bioriket. Pembuatan biobriket ini menggunakan bahan perekat tepung kanji sebanyak 50 % dari berat biobriket, variasi ukuran partikel biobriket adalah 30 mesh dan 60 mesh, bentuk biobriket silinder berongga dan silinder pejal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biobriket yang dihasilkan telah memenuhi standar bahan bakar untuk rumah tangga. Biobriket yang paling bagus adalah biobriket dengan ukuran 30 mesh silinder berongga dan nilai kalor yang dihasilkan adalah lebih besar dari 4000 kal/g. Berdasarkan uji pembakaran, biobriket yang diperoleh dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bakar.

Back Matter Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol. 11 No. 1 Juni Tahun 2021 Salmariza Sy
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Back Matter Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol. 11 No. 1 Juni Tahun 2021

Pengaruh Jenis Starter untuk Meningkatkan Effisiensi Waktu Fermentasi dan Analisis Proksimat Biji Kakao Silfia Silfia; Kamsina Kamsina; Yulia Helmi Diza; Wilsa Hermianti
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 7, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Process of cocoa beans fermentation is done to destroy pulp and occurrence of chemical reactions, biochemistry, and physical changes in cocoa seeds. The purpose to improve the chemical content, to develop formation of taste, color, and compound of distinctive aroma of chocolate. This research was conducted by observing influence of starter type to improve fermentation time efficiency and proximate analysis. The purpose of research was to shorten fermentation time, so that farmer group can shorten fermentation time and reduce expenditure. The study design was a factorially complete randomized design. The treatments for cleaved cocoa seeds were type of starter added and length of fermentation. The starter type given were 1% tape starter and 1% bread starter with fermentation length 48, 72, and 96 hours. Each treatment was performed with 4 replications. The results showed that in the treatment of 1% tape starter and treatment of fermentation lenght 96 hours (the 4th day) gave optimum result with content of water 7.22%, ash 3.45%, fat 50.56%, and protein 15.21%.ABSTRAK Proses fermentasi biji kakao dilakukan untuk menghancurkan pulpa dan terjadinya reaksi kimia, biokimia, dan perubahan fisika dalam keping biji. Tujuannya untuk memperbaiki kandungan kimia, dapat mengembangkan pembentukan calon rasa, warna, dan senyawa aroma khas cokelat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melihat pengaruh jenis starter untuk meningkatkan efisiensi waktu fermentasi dan analisis proksimat biji kakao. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mempersingkat waktu fermentasi, sehingga diharapkan kelompok tani dapat memperpendek waktu fermentasi dan mengurangi pengeluaran. Rancangan penelitian adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) secara faktorial. Perlakuan untuk biji kakao yang telah dibelah yaitu jenis starter yang ditambahkan dan lama fermentasi. Jenis starter yang diberikan adalah 1% starter tape dan 1% starter roti dengan lama fermentasi 48, 72, dan 96 Jam. Masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan dengan 4 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada perlakuan pemberian 1% starter tape dan perlakuan lama fermentasi 96 jam (hari ke-4) memberikan hasil optimal, yaitu kadar air 7,22%, abu 3,45 %, lemak 50,56%, dan protein 15,21%.

Pengaruh Suhu dan Waktu Pengarangan Terhadap Kualitas Briket Arang dari Limbah Tempurung Kelapa Sawit Joko Purwanto; Sofyan Sofyan
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 4, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Oil palm shell waste is a solid waste that is generated from processing of palm oil. This waste can be utilized as charcoal briquettes that can be used as an alternative energy to increase the added value. The research purpose to obtain charcoal briquettes of palm shell waste that technically meet requirement of fuel quality. The treatments of the research were carbonization temperature (4000C, 5000C and 6000C) and carbonization time (2 hours, 3 hours, and 4 hours). The charcoal powder was mixed with adhesive amylum 5% and moulded in cylinder form with diameter 3 cm and height 7 cm. The obtained briquettes was analyzed the quality consisted of water content, ash content, carbon content, volatile matter content, sulfur content, calorific value, density and compressive strength. Based on analysis result and data processing were found that carbonization temperature and time very significantly effected on the quality of charcoal briquettes. The best charcoal briquette in term of its calorific value was obtained from treatment of charcoal temperature 600oC and charcoal time 2 hours with characteristics of the water content 2.92%, ash content 5.83%, carbon content 7021.76 cal/g, density 0.97 g/cm3 and compressive strength 7.08 kg/cm2. This charcoal briquettes met the quality requirement for wood charcoal briquette according to Indonesia National Standard 01-6235-2000.ABSTRAKLimbah tempurung kelapa sawit merupakan limbah padat yang dihasilkan dari pengolahan kelapa sawit. Untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah, maka limbah ini dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi briket arang yang dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu sumber energi alternatif. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendapatkan briket arang tempurung kelapa sawit yang secara teknis dapat memenuhi persyaratan kualitas bahan bakar. Perlakuan yang digunakan yaitu suhu pengarangan (400OC, 500O C dan 600OC) dan waktu pengarangan (2 jam, 3 jam, dan 4 jam). Arang serbuk dicampur dengan perekat amylum 5% dan dicetak berbentuk silinder dengan diameter 3 cm dan tinggi 7 cm. Briket yang dihasilkan dianalisis mutunya yang meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, kadar karbon, kadar zat terbang, kadar sulfur, nilai kalor, kerapatan dan kekuatan tekan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pengolahan data diperoleh bahwa suhu dan waktu pengarangan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap kualitas briket arang. Briket arang yang terbaik ditinjau dari nilai kalornya diperoleh dari perlakuan suhu pengarangan 600oC dan waktu pengarangan 2 jam dengan karakteristik kadar air 2,92%; kadar abu 5,83%; kadar karbon 72,93%; kadar zat terbang 18,31%; kadar sulfur negatif; nilai kalor 7021,76 kal/g; kerapatan 0,97 g/cm3 dan kekuatan tekan 7,08 kg/cm2. Produk briket arang ini memenuhi syarat mutu briket arang kayu sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia 01-6235-2000.

Page 7 of 22 | Total Record : 213

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Contact Name
Muhammad Syahrir

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syahrir_gassa@yahoo.com

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+6275172201

Journal Mail Official
sofyan@kemenperin.go.id

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http://litbang.kemenperin.go.id/jli/about/editorialTeam

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Kota padang,

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