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Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia

jni
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Published by Indonesian Society of Neuroanesthesia & Critical Care

ISSN : 20889674 EISSN : 24602302 DOI : https://doi.org/10.24244/jni

Core Subject : Health, Science, Education,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

Editor of the magazine Journal of Neuroanestesi Indonesia receives neuroscientific articles in the form of research reports, case reports, literature review, either clinically or to the biomolecular level, as well as letters to the editor. Manuscript under consideration that may be uploaded is a full text of article which has not been published in other national magazines. The manuscript which has been published in proceedings of scientific meetings is acceptable with written permission from the organizers. Our motto as written in orphanet: www.orpha.net is that medicine in progress, perhaps new knowledge, every patient is unique, perhaps the diagnostic is wrong, so that by reading JNI we will be faced with appropriate knowledge of the above motto. This journal is published every 4 months with 8-10 articles (February, June, October) by Indonesian Society of Neuroanesthesia & Critical Care (INA-SNACC). INA-SNACC is associtation of Neuroanesthesia Consultant Anesthesiology and Critical Care (SpAnKNA) and trainees who are following the NACC education. After becoming a Specialist Anesthesiology (SpAn), a SpAn will take another (two) years for NACC education and training in addition to learning from teachers in Indonesia KNA trainee receive education of teachers/ experts in the field of NACC from Singapore.

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 1 (2014)" : 8 Documents clear

Manajemen Anestesi pada Pasien Sindroma Kauda Equina e.c. SOL Ekstrameduler Intradural dengan Kehamilan Mayasari, Ferra; R, Tubagus Yuli; Fuadi, Iwan
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Manajemen anestesi untuk pasien hamil untuk operasi non-obstetrik jarang dilakukan, dan menimbulkan sejumlah tantangan bagi spesialis anestesiologi karena manajemen anestesi harus mempertimbangkan kehidupan ibu dan janin. Pertimbangan anestesi untuk wanita hamil dengan operasi non obstetri meliputi perubahan kardiovaskular dan hematologi, sistem respiratori, sistem gastrointestinal, dan sistem saraf pusat serta perifer serta pada kasus ini adalah posisi yang ekstrim. Seorang wanita berusia 26 tahun dengan sindroma kauda equina e.c. SOL ekstramedula intradural dengan G3P2A0 gravida 25?26 minggu yang dilakukan tindakan laminektomi pengangkatan tumor dalam anestesi umum dengan posisi miring kekiri. Operasi dapat dilaksanakan tanpa adanya komplikasi, pascaoperasi baik ibu maupun janin dalam keadaan sehat. Keberhasilan manajemen anestesi pada operasi non-obstetrik selama kehamilan tergantung kepada kerjasama multidisiplin, penilaian preoperatif yang komprehensif, perhatian terhadap fisiologi maternal dan fetus, serta perawatan suportif periode postoperatif. Mempertahankan stabilitas maternal, waktu optimal melakukan tindakan, dan pemilihan obat serta teknik anestesi yang tepat merupakan hal yang sangat penting diperhatikan untuk keamanan ibu dan fetus.Anesthesia Management of Pregnant Patient with Cauda Equine Syndrome e.c. Extramedulary Intradural SOLAnesthesia management for non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy is relatively uncommon and challenges the anesthesiologist since anesthesia management must consider both mother and fetal safety. Anesthesia management for non-obstetric pregnant women is considered covering difference in cardiovascular and hematologic changes, respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, central nervous system and peripheral nervous system, and in this case extreme position for operation. For this case, a 26 year old woman with Cauda Equina Syndrome e.c. Extramedullary Intradural SOL with G3P2A0 25?26 weeks pregnancy underwent Laminectomy for Tumor Removal under general anesthesia. The surgery was preceded without any complication, both mother and fetal recovered uneventfully. The successful of anesthesia management for non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy depends on multidisciplines coordination, comprehensive preoperative management, careful monitoring on maternal and fetal physiology, and supportive postoperative care. Maintaining maternal stability, determination of the optimal time for surgery, and selection of proper medication and anesthesia technique are the most important things to be considered for mother and fetal safety.

Pencegahan dan Pengobatan Disfungsi Kognitif setelah Cedera Otak Traumatik Bisri, Dewi Yulianti; Bisri, Tatang
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Kognisi adalah proses untuk mengetahui atau berpikir, memilih, mengerti, mengingat, dan menggunakan informasi. Gangguan kognitif adalah gangguan dalam melakukan perhatian dan konsentrasi, proses dan mengerti informasi, ingatan, komunikasi, perencanaan, organisasi, pemikiran, pemecahan masalah dan pengambilan keputusan, mengendalikan rangsangan dan hasrat. Lebih dari 50.000 orang meninggal setiap tahun akibat cedera otak traumatik (COT) dan 70.00090.000 mengalami kecatatan permanen di USA. Walaupun pasien dengan COT sedang, secara fisik mengalami pemulihan penuh, tapi sering mengalami perubahan tingkah laku jangka lama yang mempengaruhi pekerjaan, cara hidup, dan keluarganya. Setelah COT yang lebih berat, gangguan kognitif merupakan masalah paling umum dan memberikan kontribusi lebih daripada gangguan fisik. Luasnya defisit kognitif ditunjukkan oleh 1) beratnya diffuse axonal injury (DAI) yang ditunjukkan lamanya posttraumatic amnesia (PTA), luasnya atropi umum, dan 2) lokasi, dalamnya, dan volume lesi serebral fokal. Terapi difokuskan pada rehabilitasi neurokognisi. Sampai saat ini tidak ada terapi untuk cedera otak primer dan terapi yang dilakukan adalah mengurangi cedera sekunder yang dipicu oleh cedera primer. Jadi secara umum tetap menggunakan ABCDE neuroanestesi/neuroresusitasi dan secara khusus dengan pemberian infus lidokain, natrium laktat hipertonik, obat kholinergic, catecholaminergic, tricyclic antidepressants.Prevention and Management of Cognitive Dysfunction after TBICognition is the act of knowing or thinking process. It includes the ability to choose, understand, remember and use information. Cognition function disorder includes disturbances in accessing and optimizing attention and concentration, processing and understanding information, memory, communication, planning, organizing, and assembling, reasoning, problem-solving, decision-making, and judgment, controlling impulses, desires and being patient. More than 50,000 people die from traumatic brain injury (TBI) each year and other 70,00090,000 people are permanently disabled in the US. Even individuals with moderate head injuries who appear to be physically fully recovered, often have long lasting behavioral sequelae, which in turn affects the individuals occupation, lifestyle and interaction with family members. After a more severe injury, cognitive function disorder is considered more common compared to physical impairment. The extent of cognitive function deficit after TBI is reflected by a number of factors 1) the severity of diffuse axonal injury, as indicated by the length of post traumatic amnesia (PTA), the extent of generalized atrophy; and 2) the location, depth, and volume of focal cerebral lesions. Therapy is focused to neuro cognitive rehabilitation. Until now, there is no specific therapy for primary brain injury and commonly applied therapy is focused on reducing secondary brain injury. In general, the ABCDE of neuroanesthesia/neuroresuscitation is still commonly used, and in specific case, the need to administration of lidocaine infusion, sodium lactate hyperosmolar, cholinergic, catecholaminergic, and tricyclic antidepressants.

Penanganan Anestesi pada Operasi Atlas Meningioma Susanto, Yunita; Bisri, Dewi Yulianti
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Angka kejadian spinal meningioma di Amerika adalah 25 % dari seluruh tumor di regio spinal dan empat kali lebih banyak muncul pada perempuan usia lebih dari 40 tahun dibandingkan pada laki-laki. Delapan puluh persen terjadi di daerah vertebra thorakal, 15% di cervikal, 3% di lumbal dan 2% di foramen magnum. Seorang wanita berusia 42 tahun, GCS 15 dengan diagnosa atlas meningioma, yang dilakukan operasi laminectomu untuk pengangkatan tumor. Pasien mengeluh kesemutan mulai dari tangan kiri diikuti tangan kanan, kaki kiri diikuti kaki kanan sejak 10 bulan yang lalu. Sejak 2 bulan yang lalu pasien mengeluh lemas bila berjalan yang disertai kelemahan kedua tangan, disertai keterbatasan gerak dari leher, tidak ada gangguan berkemih dan defekasi. Intubasi dilakukan dengan cara inline position, operasi berlangsung selama 7 jam dengan total perdarahan 650 cc, rumatan anestesi menggunakan isofluran 0,81 vol%, dexmedetomidine 0,20,7 mcg/kgbb/jam dan vecuronium 1 mcg/kgbb/mnt. Pascaoperasi pasien tidak diekstubasi, dirawat Neurosurgery Critical Care Unit (NCCU), pernafasan dibantu mesin bantu nafas dengan mode Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV) dan baru diekstubasi 12 jam pascaoperasi. Tiga hari pascaoperasi pasien dipindahkan ke ruangan dengan GCS 15 dan keadaaan hemodinamik stabil.Anesthesia Management in Atlas Meningioma SurgeryThe incidence rate of spinal meningioma in the US is 25% of all tumors in the spinal region and appears four times more in women aged over 40 years old than in men. Eighty percent occurs in the thoracal, 15% in the cervical, 3% in the lumbar and 2% in the foramen magnum. This is a case of a 42-year-old woman with GCS 15 who was diagnosed with high cervical meningioma underwent laminectomy tumor removal. Patient experienced numbness on the left referring to the right hand and left referring to the right hand foot since 10 months ago. Since 2 months ago the patient experienced limp with weakness on both hands and limited neck motion. Patients had no disturbance in micturition and defecation. Intubation was done by inline position while the surgery lasted for 7 hours with 650cc bleeding. Anesthesia was maintained using isoflurane 0.8-1 vol %, dexmedetomidine 0.2-0.7 mcg/kg/h and vecuronium 1 mcg/kg/mnt. After surgery, the patient was not extubated and admitted to NCCU (Neurosurgery Critical Care Unit) with ventilator-mode SIMV (Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation). Extubation was performed 12 hours postoperative. Three days after surgery patient was transferred to inpatient ward with GCS 15 and stable hemodynamic status.

Gangguan Natrium pada Pasien Bedah Saraf Buyung Hartiyo Laksono; Bambang J. Oetoro; Sri Rahardjo; Siti Chasnak Saleh
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Gangguan pada susunan saraf pusat (SSP) akan mengakibatkan gangguan pada fungsi axis hipotalamus hipofise, yang akan menyebabkan gangguan pada keseimbangan cairan dan elektrolit. Selain karena lesi neurologis primer yang terjadi pada SSP, penyebab kelainan elektrolit ini juga disebabkan oleh tindakan pembedahan atau iatrogenik, tindakan perawatan pascabedah di intensive care unit (ICU) akibat dari tindakan medis, misalnya obat-obatan dan pemberian cairan intravena, pemberian diuretik, pemberian steroid dan mannitol. Gangguan elektrolit paling banyak terjadi pada natrium. Dua kondisi dengan klinis hiponatremi adalah SIADH dan CSWS, yang penataksanaan keduanya sangat berbeda. Hampir 62% pasien bedah saraf dengan hiponatremia (kadar natrium 135 mmol/L) disebabkan oleh SIADH, sedangkan sisanya 16,6% karena penggunaan obat-obatan dan 4,8% karena CSWS. Gangguan natrium dengan gambaran klinis hipernatremi adalah diabetes insipidus (DI). DI terjadi sekitar 3,8 % pada pasien bedah saraf. Kondisi keseimbangan cairan dan elektrolit pada pasien dengan kelainan SSP yang dilakukan tindakan anestesi dan operasi merupakan tantangan khusus bagi dokter anestesi dan intensivist. Pasien pasien bedah saraf biasanya mendapatkan terapi diuretik sebagai salah satu manajemen edema otak dan untuk mengurangi tekanan intrakranial. Di sisi lain efek diuresis dari lesi pada otak dan penggunaan teknik hipotermi juga akan menambah kondisi diuresis pada pasien bedah saraf. Efek diuresis yang berlebihan menyebabkan kehilangan natrium. Sodium Disturbance in Neurosurgical PatientDisturbance of the central nerve system (CNS) will lead to interference with the function of the hypothalamus pituitary axis and will cause disruption of fluids and electrolytes balance as well. In addition to its primary neurological lesions occurring in the CNS, the cause of electrolyte abnormalities are also due to surgical procedure or iatrogenic, postoperative medical treatment in ICU such as administration of drugs and intravenous fluids, diuretics, steroids and mannitol. The most frequent electrolyte disorder is sodium. Two clinical conditions related to hyponatremia are SIADH and CSWS which the management can be totally different, respectively. Nearly 62% of neurosurgical patients with hyponatremia (sodium levels 135 mmol / L) is caused by SIADH, while the remaining 16.6% patient is due to the use of drugs and 4.8% patient is due to CSWS. Sodium disorder clinically referred to as hypernatremia is diabetes insipidus (DI). DI occurs around 3.8% in neurosurgical patients. The condition of fluid and electrolyte balance in patients with CNS disorders undergoing anesthesia and surgery is a particular challenge for anesthesiologists and intensivists. The patients usually receive diuretic therapy to manage brain edema and to reduce intracranial pressure. On the other hand, diuresis effects due to brain lesions and the use of hypothermia technique will also increase diuresis condition in neurosurgical patients. Excessive diuresis effect will cause loss of sodium.

Luaran Pasien Cedera Kepala Berat yang Dilakukan Operasi Kraniotomi Evakuasi Hematoma atau Kraniektomi Dekompresi di RSU Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh Zafrullah Kany Jasa; Fachrul Jamal; Imam Hidayat
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Latar Belakang dan Tujuan: Kraniotomi evakuasi hematoma dan kraniektomi dekompresi merupakan suatu tindakan definitif terhadap pasien cedera kepala berat. Perlu dilakukan suatu evaluasi untuk mengetahui luaran tindakan pembedahan sebagai informasi dalam memperbaiki dan mengurangi morbiditas dan mortalitas baik di bidang anestesi maupun bedah saraf.Subjek dan Metode: Penelitian deskriptif ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Dr. Zainoel Abidin terhadap 83 pasien pasien cedera kepala berat yang dilakukan tindakan kraniotomi evakuasi hematoma atau kraniektomi dekompresi yang kemudian di rawat di ICU selama tahun 2012. Pasien dilakukan operasi dalam 24 jam setelah masuk rumah sakit dan kemudian dirawat di ICU. Dilakukan pencatatan umur, jenis kelamin dan luaran setelah operasi yaitu perbaikan fungsi motorik dan angka kematian selama rawatan 5 hari di ICU. Hasil: Pasien yang masuk dalam penelitian dengan jumlah 56 (67%) laki-laki dan 27 (33%) perempuan dengan usia sebagian besar 15-20 tahun 27% usia lebih dari 40 tahun 35%. Terdapat perbaikan fungsi motorik dalam skala penilaian GCS pada pasien setelah operasi terutama pada skala motorik 1 sampai 3 menjadi skala 2 sampai 5 setelah operasi. Angka kematian dalam 5 hari rawatan mencapai 57% (48 pasien) dan pasien yang hidup setelah 5 hari pasca operasi 43% (35 pasien). Sebagian besar kematian terjadi pada perawatan hari ke 2 (25%) dan hari ke 3 (35%).Simpulan: Tindakan operasi kraniotomi untuk evakuasi hematoma atau kraniektomi dekompresi pada pasien cedera kepala berat dapat memperbaiki fungsi motorik dan angka kematian 57% setelah 5 hari rawatan awal di ICU. Postoperative Outcome of Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Undergoing Craniotomy to Evacuate Hematoma or Decompressive Craniectomy at Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital Banda AcehBackgroud and Objective: Craniotomy to evacuate hematoma and decompressive craniectomy is definitive treatment for severe head injury patients. We need to evaluate the outcome after surgery as the basis information for improve management and to reduce mortality and morbidity rate in neuroanesthesia or neurosurgery as well.Subject and Method: This descriptive research was conducted in Zainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh on 83 severe head injury patients undergoing craniotomy to evacuate hematoma or decompressive craniectomy continued with postoperative care in the intensive care unit in 2012. Age, sex, and outcome motoric function on GCS scale and morbidity were recorded during 5 day care in the ICU. Results: Eighty three severe head injury patients at Zainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh underwent craniotomy to evacuate hematoma or decompressive craniectomy continued with postoperative care in the ICU in 2012 were included with 56 (67%) male and 27(33%) female, aged 15‒20 y.o (27%) and 40 y.o (35%). Motoric function was improved from 1‒3 to 2‒5 according to GCS scale after the surgery. There were 48 (57%) patients died and 35 (43%) patients survived after undergoing surgery and 5 day tratment in the ICU. Most of death happened on day 2 (25%) and day 3 (35%). Conclusion: Craniotomy to evacute hematoma or decompressive craniectomy may improve the motoric function with mortality rate 57% during initial 5 day in ICU.

Pengelolaan Anestesi pada Anak dengan Hidrosefalus Marwan, Kenanga; Surahman, Eri; Saleh, Siti Chasnak
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Hidrosefalus merupakan suatu kelainan yang sering ditemukan pada anak dimana terjadi dilatasi pada sistem ventrikel otak akibat akumulasi cairan otak dengan berbagai penyebab. Secara klinis, gambaran kenaikan tekanan intrakranial pada anak berbeda sesuai perkembangan usianya. Adanya kenaikan tekanan intrakranial ini memberikan konsekuensi klinis berupa intervensi pembedahan, karena bila tidak bisa berakibat fatal. Beberapa alternatif tindakan yang biasanya dilakukan terutama adalah pemasangan pintasan (shunt) untuk mengalirkan cairan otak keluar, sehingga tekanan intrakranial kembali normal. Manajemen perioperatif anestesi terutama dikhususkan berdasarkan kondisi klinis penderita, pemilihan obat-obat anestesi yang digunakan, pengelolaan jalan napas dan perawatan pascabedah. Hal ini menjadi suatu tantangan bagi ahli anestesi, karena adanya tekanan intrakranial yang tinggi, kesadaran yang menurun, resiko aspirasi dan bentuk anatomi jalan napas yang berbeda dengan dewasa, sehingga perlu perhatian khusus pada saat mengamankan jalan napas dan pengelolaan anestesi.Anaesthetic Management for Hydrocephalus in ChildrenHydrocephalus is an abnormal condition, often found in children, where there is a dilatation in the brain ventricle system due to the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid because of many etiologies. Clinical feature demonstrates increasing intracranial pressure in children which is different type at any age. This condition needs an interventional surgery. Usually the neurosurgeon will insert a shunt to drain the cerebrospinal fluid lower the intracranial pressure back to normal values. Anesthetic perioperative management is especially based on the clinical condition of the patient, selected the anesthetic agent, airway management and post-operative care. This has become a challenge for the anesthesiologist, because of increasing intracranial pressure, decreased consciousness status, aspiration risk and different anatomical airway form compared to adults, which require special attention to secure the airway.

Perbandingan Osmolaritas, Kadar Natrium dan Klorida Plasma setelah Pemberian NaClRL (3:1) dengan Ringerfundin pada Pasien Tumor Otak Martinus, Fardian; Fuadi, Iwan; Bisri, Tatang
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Latar Belakang dan Tujuan : Kristaloid NaCl 0,9% merupakan cairan dasar yang sering digunakan pada perioperatif pasien tumor otak, namun berpotensi menyebabkan asidosis hiperkloremia sehingga dikombinasikan dengan Ringer Laktat. Ringerfundin, kristaloid yang komposisi elektrolitnya hampir ideal, namun belum banyak penelitiannya dalam kasus bedah saraf. Tujuan penelitian adalah membandingkan pemberian cairan kombinasi NaCl 0,9%: RL (3:1) dengan cairan Ringerfundin pada pasien tumor otak untuk melihat osmolaritas, natrium dan klorida plasma. Subjek dan Metode: Penelitian Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) pada 36 pasien tumor otak yang menjalani kraniotomi, di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin. Sampel dibagi menjadi kelompok NaCl 0,9%:RL (3:1) dan kelompok Ringerfundin. Dilakukan pemeriksaan natrium, klorida plasma dan osmolaritas plasma sebelum dan setelah pemberian cairan sebanyak 1 liter. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan uji t.Hasil: Analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna kedua kelompok setelah pemberian cairan dalam perhitungan osmolaritas plasma 291,42 vs 290,21 (p=0,63) dan natrium plasma 141,28 vs 141,06 (p=0,82). Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna kadar klorida kelompok NaCl 0,9%: RL dibandingkan dengan kelompok ringerfundin 106,33 vs 104,39 (p=0,02). Simpulan: Ringerfundin dapat menjadi cairan alternatif dari NaCl 0,9%: RL dengan tidak menyebabkan perubahan pada osmolaritas, peningkatan kadar natrium dan kadar klorida plasma.The Comparison of Osmolarity, Plasma Natrium and Chloride Level After Administering NaCI-RL (3:1) and Ringerfundin in Brain Tumor Patients Undergoing CraniotomyBackground and Objective: One of most commonly used crystalloid for perioperative fluid administration in patients with brain tumor is NaCl 0,9%, and because it has potential to cause hyperchloremic acidosis, its administration usually combined with Ringer Lactate. Ringerfundin is a crystalloid solution which contains electrolyte composition that is considered as the most ideal solution, but has not been frequently used in neurosurgery procedure. The aim of this study is to compare the plasma osmolarity, sodium and chloride levels in brain tumor patient after the administration NaCl 0,9% combined with: RL solution in 3:1 ratio and after ringerfundin administration.Subject and Method: Thirty six patients underwent craniotomy tumor removal were assigned randomly to receive NaCl 0,9%: RL (3:1) or ringerfundin solutions. Sodium and chloride plasma level and calculated plasma osmolarity were recorded at baseline and after one liter of fluid adminisitration. Data were analyzed with by using t-test analysis. Result: Statistic analysis showed no significant differences between the two groups in calculated plasma osmolarity (291,42 vs 290,21; (p=0,63) and sodium plasma level (141,28 vs 141,06; (p=0,82). A significant increased in chloride plasma level after one liter of fluid administration was observed in NaCl 0,9%: RL group compared to ringerfundin group (106,33 vs 104,39 respectively; (p=0,02).Conclusion: Ringerfundin is safe and can be use as an alternative fluid aside the most commonly used fluid combination using NaCl 0,9% and RL solutions, without causing changes in plasma osmolarity, and sodium or chloride plasma level.

Penatalaksanaan Perioperatif Cedera Kepala Traumatik dengan Jalan Nafas Sulit Christanto, Sandhi; Saleh, Siti Chasnak; Oetoro, Bambang J.; Rahardjo, Sri
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Cedera kepala traumatik merupakan masalah kesehatan utama, pemicu kecacatan dan kematian di seluruh dunia. Walaupun terdapat cara diagnosis dan penatalaksanaan yang semakin mutakhir, prognosis tetap jauh dari harapan. Disamping derajat keparahan cedera primer merupakan faktor utama yang menentukan luaran, cedera sekunder yang disebabkan oleh hipotensi, hipoksemia, hiperkarbia, hiperglikemia, hipoglikemia dan lain lain, yang timbul seiring waktu setelah cedera awal, menyebabkan kerusakan lebih lanjut dari jaringan otak, memperberat luaran pada cedera kepala traumatik. Penatalaksanaan cedera kepala saat ini difokuskan pada pencegahan dan pengelolaan cedera sekunder karena cedera sekunder dapat dihindari dan diterapi. Seorang laki-laki, 46 tahun berat badan 100 kg, tinggi badan 175 cm ditemukan di pinggir jalan dengan dugaan akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas, setelah resusitasi dan stabilisasi didapatkan jalan napas bebas, laju napas 1618 x/menit, tekanan darah 160/90 mmHg, laju nadi 75 x/menit, skor GCS E2M5V2, pemeriksaan pupil kiri reaktif 3 mm, kanan sulit dievaluasi karena terdapat hematoma, terdapat lateralisasi dengan bagian tubuh kanan terlihat lebih aktif. Hasil CT Scan menunjukkan perdarahan subdural frontotemporoparietal kanan, perdarahan intraserebral dengan volume 21,8 cc, perdarahan subarachnoid frontotemporal kanan, pergeseran garis tengah sebesar 1,13 cm ke kiri, fraktur temporal kanan serta edema serebri. Keputusan tindakan kraniotomi evakuasi perdarahan segera dilakukan demi keselamatan pasien. Penatalaksanaan cedera kepala pada periode perioperatif yang meliputi evaluasi cepat, resusitasi berkesinambungan (serebral maupun sistemik), intervensi pembedahan dini, penatalaksanaan terapi intensif, diharapkan dapat memberikan jalan keluar potensial yang mungkin dapat memperbaiki luaran dari pasien dengan cedera kepala.Perioperative Management of Traumatic Brain Injury with Difficult AirwayTraumatic brain injury is major public health problem and leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Despite the modern diagnosis and treatment pathways, the prognosis remains poor. While severity of primary injury is the major factor to determine the outcomes, the secondary injury caused by hypotension, hypoxemia hypercarbia, hyperglicemia, hypoglicemia and et cetera, thet develop overtime after the onset of injury may cause further damage to brain tissues and worsen the outcome. Traumatic brain injury management currently focuses on prevention and secondary injury, treatment, since secondary injury is largely preventable and treatable. A 46 years old male patient, weighted 100 kgs, height 175 cm was found on the street as the suspect of traffic accident. On examination no obstruction in the airway, respiratory rate was16?18 x/minute, blood pressure was 160/90 mmHg, heart rate was 75x/minute, GCS scale was E2M5V2. The cranial hemorrhage was found in the right frontotemporal, intracerebral (approximately 21,8 cc), cerebral edema, and the midline shift more than 1 cm were seen on brain CT-Scan examination. The decision of emergency craniotomy evacuation was immediately made to save the live of the patient. The management in perioperative period involving rapid evaluation, continued with resuscitation (cerebral and systemic), early surgical intervention intensive care management, may be a potential window that will improve the outcome of traumatic brain injury patients

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Agni Susanti

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jurnalneuroanestesi@gmail.com

Phone
+6287722631615

Journal Mail Official
jni@inasnacc.org

Editorial Address
Jl. Prof. Eijkman No. 38 Bandung 40161, Indonesia Lt 4 Ruang JNI

Location
,

INDONESIA

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Contact Name Agni Susanti

Contact Email jurnalneuroanestesi@gmail.com

Phone +6287722631615

Journal Mail Official jni@inasnacc.org

Editorial Address Jl. Prof. Eijkman No. 38 Bandung 40161, Indonesia Lt 4 Ruang JNI

Location , INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Agni Susanti

Contact Email
jurnalneuroanestesi@gmail.com

Phone
+6287722631615

Journal Mail Official
jni@inasnacc.org

Editorial Address
Jl. Prof. Eijkman No. 38 Bandung 40161, Indonesia Lt 4 Ruang JNI

Location
,

INDONESIA