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Bioscientiae, Jurnal ilmu ilmu Biologi
Published by Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
ISSN : 28081838     EISSN : 28084438     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20527/b.v19i1
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
Jurnal Ilmiah BIOSCIENTIAE adalah jurnal ilmiah yang diterbitkan oleh Program Studi Biologi Fakultas MIPA Universitas Lambung Mangkurat untuk mempublikasikan karya ilmiah mahasiswa, dosen, dan peneliti di bidang biologi. Setiap naskah yang diterima redaksi Jurnal Bioscientiae akan ditelaah oleh Mitra bestari dan Anggota Redaksi. Jurnal Bioscientiae menerbitkan paling banyak 2 (dua) review article tiap terbitan. Terbit dua kali setahun, pada bulan Januari dan Juli. Terbit pertama kali tahun 2004.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 144 Documents
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Tumbuhan Obat Tradisional Suku Dayak Tamambaloh Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu Kalimantan Barat hilda aqua kusuma wardhani
Bioscientiae Vol 20, No 1 (2023): Bioscientiae Volume 20 No 1
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/b.v20i1.6623

Abstract

This study aims to identify the types of traditional medicinal plants used by the Tamambaloh Dayak Ethnic, Tamao Village, Embaloh Hulu District, Kapuas Hulu Regency. The research is conducted by survey method, while data is collected by observation, interviews and documentation. The Data obtained was analyzed descriptively and presented in the form of tables and images. The study found that 10 species of traditional medicinal plants used by the Tamambaloh Dayak Ethnic in Tamao Village, Embaloh Hulu District, Kapuas Hulu Regency, namely Eurycoma longifolia Jack (sasapak), Coscinium fenestratum (bararan kunus), Eleutherine palmifolia (bawang lamba’), Zingiber aromaticum (japah bua’), Cymbopogon nardus (L) (sarai dadara’), Saccharum officinarum (L) (tabu dadara’), Blumea balsamifera (L) (ambung-ambung), Pteris longifolia (papaku baruang), Ocimum sanctum (takin sinik), and Abelmoschus manihot (L) (ubi rerear). The organs of plant used as traditional medicine are leaves, stems, roots, flowers and tubers.
UJI PENGARUH PESTISIDA NABATI MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAK DAUN MIMBA (Azadirachta Indica), SERAI (Cymbopogon Citratus), DAN RIMPANG LAOS (Alpinia Galanga L.) TERHADAP HAMA WALANG SANGIT (Leptocorisa Oratorius F.) PERUSAK KUALITAS GABAH PADA TANAMAN PADI Zahratul - Munawarah; Sasi Gendro Sari; Siswoyo Siswoyo
Bioscientiae Vol 20, No 1 (2023): Bioscientiae Volume 20 No 1
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/b.v20i1.6543

Abstract

Pestisida nabati pada dasarnya memanfaatkan senyawa sekunder tanaman sebagai bahan aktifnya. Senyawa ini bekerja sebagai penolak, penarik, dan pembunuh hama serta penghambat nafsu makan hama. Daun mimba mengandung senyawa antara lain -sitosterol, hyperoside, nimbolide, quercetin dan nimbine. Minyak lengkuas dan serai sangat efektif dalam insektisida nabati untuk mengendalikan serangan serangga terutama hama. Pengujian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pestisida nabati menggunakan daun mimba (Azadirachta Indica), serai (Cymbopogon Citratus), dan rimpang laos (Alpinia Galanga) terhadap hama walang sangit (Leptocorisa Oratorius F.) yang merusak gabah pada padi (Oryza sativa). .Metode aplikasi yang digunakan adalah penyemprotan pestisida nabati pada sasaran hama yang dilakukan pada pagi, siang dan sore hari. Hasil pengujian pada penelitian ini didapatkan ekstrak dengan konsentrasi 40 ml lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan ekstrak dengan konsentrasi 60 ml dan 80 ml karena tingkat kematian terlihat lebih cepat menggunakan ekstrak dengan konsentrasi 40 ml. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa pestisida dengan konsentrasi 40 ml lebih dibandingkan dengan pestisida dengan konsentrasi yang terlalu tinggi.Disarankan untuk tidak menggunakan pestisida yang melebihi dosis, karena penggunaan yang terlalu tinggi dan jika dilakukan terus menerus akan menimbulkan beberapa kerugian seperti pencemaran lingkungan, penurunan produktivitas, keracunan pada hewan bahkan dapat menyebabkan keracunan pada manusia.  Kata kunci: Mimba, Lengkuas, Serai, Walang sangit, Pestisida 
UJI PENGARUH PESTISIDA NABATI MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAK DAUN MIMBA (Azadirachta indica) DAN UMBI GADUNG (Dioscorea hispida Dennst.) TERHADAP WALANG SANGIT PADA TANAMAN PADI Ilmah Noor; Sasi Gendro Sari; Faulina Faulina
Bioscientiae Vol 20, No 1 (2023): Bioscientiae Volume 20 No 1
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/b.v20i1.9712

Abstract

Vegetable pesticides are pesticides whose basic ingredients come from plants. The plants  that can be used  as vegetable pesticides are neem (Azadirachte indica) and Gadung  (Dioscorea  hispida  Dennst.)  plants which contain  active  ingredients  that  can  control  insect  pests. Neem leaves contain active ingredients in the form  of  azadirachtin,  meliantriol,  salanin,  and  nimbin.  Meanwhile,  gadung  tubers are  known  to  contain toxic  active compounds,  namely  dioscorin, diosgenin,  dioscin,  saponins, alkaloids,  and  phenols.  The  purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness  of  the  effect  of  botanical pesticides  using  extracts  of  neem  leaves and  Gadung  tubers against rice  pests,  namely  Walang Sangit (Leptocorisa  oratorius  F.).  The  method  of application to Walang Sangit was carried out with different concentrations,  namely  40  ml/L,  60  ml/L,  and 80  ml/L. The time of  application of  the  extract  was  carried  out  in  3  treatments,  namely  in  the morning  (08.00  – 10.00  WITA),  in  the  afternoon (11.00  – 12.00 WITA),  and in  the  afternoon  (16.00 – 18.00  WITA).  The  test  results  were  seen  24  hours  after  the application  of  the  extract.  The  results  showed  that  the  concentration  that  had  the  best  results  was  at  a concentration  of  40  ml/liter  which  was  able  to  kill  or  kill  stink  bugs  with a  period  of  48-50  hours.  This  can  be used  as  an alternative  or one of  the recommendations  in controlling  insect  pests,  especially  for  walang  sangit.
STUDI BIOGEOGRAFIS IKAN PUYAU (osteochilus SP) BERBASIS PROFIL PROTEIN DARI DANAU ROWO IJO, SITUS BUKIT BANGKAI Tanto Budi Susilo; Mochamad Arief Soendjoto; Oni Soesanto; Raifa Azizia Mustaqima; Rani Sasmita; Paola Bianchi
Bioscientiae Vol 20, No 1 (2023): Bioscientiae Volume 20 No 1
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/b.v20i1.9714

Abstract

This Bukit Bangkai would like be became a candidate for place evolution rock art heritage unit (PERAHU). In this site, the Rowo Ijo lake as a habitat, where it was found biogeographically, a Puyau fish (Osteochilus sp). Furthermore, the method of precipitation fraction of ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) with Lowry and SDS-PAGE elaboration was used, as the main method to obtain the protein profile of fish protein. Analysis of kinship relations was carried out using the UPGMA method based on the profile.. Based on the results of the fraction (NH4)2SO4 and Lowry methods, the optimum protein content was obtained, namely 68.93; 116.08; 6.72; 7.96 (mg/ml) in the 70-80% fraction and 4 samples from Banjar Regency 19.17; 16.93; 20.04; and 20.04 mg/mL in the 40-70% fraction, respectively. Based on the results of SDS-PAGE at the optimum level of protein; Puyau Rowo Ijo fish have 64 bands, with a profile of 11 bands on P.1R code, 9 bands on P.2R code, 10 bands on P.3R code and 9 bands on P.4R. For Puyau Banjar fish there are 25 bands with the following profile; each code P.1B and P.2B has 6 bands, while P.3B has 10 bands and P.4B has 3 bands. The types of proteins found were thought to include Actin Protein, Carbonic Anhydrase, Trypsin Inhibitor, -lactalbumin, and Lysozyme. The results of the UPGMA analysis based on the distribution of protein species and weights were that there was related closely to two groups form (clusters) between puyau from the Lake Rowo Ijo and Banjar Regency.
Review: Manfaat Feromon Sek Pada Ordo Lepidoptera Untuk Pengendalian Hama Lepidoptera Syariful Banun
Bioscientiae Vol 18, No 1 (2021): Bioscientiae Volume 18 No 1
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/b.v18i1.4067

Abstract

Lepidoptera is one of the orders of the phylum Arthropoda Insecta class consist of butterflies that are active during the day and moths at night. Both of them belong to the order Lepidoptera and have an important role in the ecosystem. Beneficial role for plants as pollinating insects and  disadvantaged role as pests of cultivated plants. An example is the fall armyworm Spodoptera sp attacking rice plants, Pteroma sp attacks sengon plants, and Helicoverpa armigera attacks red chili plants. One of the efforts to control pests is the use of sex pheromones. Several types of sex pheromones were identified, for example the sex pheromone of the cabbage leaf caterpillar Pluttela xylostella was )-11-hexadecenal, (Z)-11-hexadecenol, and (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate with ratio 8:18:100 and 10:1:90. Potato tuber borer (Phthorimaea operculella Zell.) sex pheromones is (E,Z)- 4,7-13 Ac (trans-4, cis-7-tridecadienyl acetate) and (E,Z,Z)-4,7,10-13 Ac (trans-4, cis-7, cis-10-tridecatrienyl acetate) with ratio 1 : 2,5. Using pheromones sex on agricultural land can significantly suppress Lepidoptera pest populations.
KARAKTERISASI Bacillus sp. PENGHASIL ASAM INDOL ASETAT ASAL RIZOSFER PERTANIAN PASANG SURUT DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI PEMACU PERTUMBUHAN PADI LOKAL Adistya Adistya; Hasrul Satria Nur; Yusriadi Yusriadi
Bioscientiae Vol 21, No 2 (2024): Bioscientiae Volume 21 No 2
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/b.v21i2.13283

Abstract

Bacillus sp., a member of the microbe, resided in the rhizosphere, potentially in plant growth promoting through a direct or indirect mechanism - phytohormone production, i.e., ethylene, gibberellin, cytokinin, and indole acetic acid.  Bacillus sp. from soil agriculture in tidal swamp lands was isolated.  Morphological, biochemical, and physiological properties have characterized attributes of isolation.  In addition, indole acetic acid production is detected using the colorimeter method with the Salkowski reagent.  The capability of the isolate to regulate plant growth promotion was carried out by detecting the performance of the paddy plant on the Yoshida medium cultivated.  Five isolates have been characterized as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, e.g., BML-1, KK, SLC-2, SLK, and SPBKK-1.  Furthermore, five isolates showed differences in indole acetic acid production, with or without adding tryptophane as a precursor.  Indole acetic acid production without tryptophane ranged from 0.364 – 7.046 mg.ml-1.  On the other hand, the indole acetic acid production by adding tryptophane in varied concentrations, viz 1, 2, and 5 mg.ml-1 is respectively delineated as follows 0.819 – 8.227 mg.ml-1; 1.046 – 10.727 mg.ml-1; 1.954 -18.909 mg.ml-1. Meanwhile, the inoculation of Bacillus sp. isolates improved paddy plant growth regarding yield and root fibers of paddy plants.
BIOEKOLOGI MANGROVE DI DESA DASUN, KECAMATAN LASEM, KABUPATEN REMBANG, JAWA TENGAH Efri Roziaty; Dela Rizki Utami
Bioscientiae Vol 20, No 2 (2023): Bioscientiae Volume 20 No 2
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/b.v20i2.11521

Abstract

Mangroves are one of the biotic components that make up ecosystems in coastal areas. The characteristics of mangroves are in the form of flowering plants with tree habitus  that are very tolerant of  high salt content. The ecosystem is a habitat for a variety of flora and fauna so it is known to have  high bioecology. The study analyzed the  bioecology of mangrove ecosystems in Dasun Village, Lasem District, Rembang Regency, Central Java.  The research method began with data collection using the random sampling method of quadratic transects with a size of 20 m x 20 m for  mangrove vegetation while for animals using an area approach with a radius of 10 m from the vegetation plot. Flora and fauna within the plot range and plot radius will be taken and recorded as mangrove ecosystem bioecological data. The sampling location was made as many as 3 different areas but still in one mangrove ecosystem area of Dasun Village, Lasem District. The results of the study found that there were 3 types of mangrove flora from three families, namely Primulaceae as many as 9 species, Combretaceae as many as 5 species and Rhizophoraceae as many as 171 species. The mangrove fauna found consists of 8 families of class Gastropoda, 2 families of class Malacostraca and 1 family of each class Pisces, Aves and Mammalia. The study also measured abiotic factors which include temperature, humidityn air, pH and salinity. The results of the study found temperatures ranging from 31.1 - 33.8 °C, air humidity 68 – 73 %, pH of 6.8 - 6.9 and salinity of 0.2 - 0.5 ppt. From these results, mangrove bioecology in Dasun Village shows the diversity of mangrove flora and fauna
PERILAKU MACAN DAHAN KALIMANTAN (Neofelis diardi borneensis) DI KANDANG TRANSIT BALAI KONSERVASI SUMBER DAYA ALAM KALIMANTAN SELATAN Alfian Alfian; Anni Nurliani; Titik Sundari
Bioscientiae Vol 21, No 1 (2024): Bioscientiae Volume 21 No 1
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/b.v21i1.12102

Abstract

In a broad sense, behavior is the visible actions carried out by living creatures to adapt to environmental conditions for survival. N. diardi borneensis is one of the endemic animals of Kalimantan and is considered the highest leader of the food chain in Kalimantan. The Bornean clouded leopard was once considered the same species as the clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa), but in 2006 it was classified as a different species. The Bornean clouded leopard, which is endangered, is very interesting as an object of observation. The presence of the Bornean clouded leopard in the South Kalimantan (Kalsel) BKSDA transit cage after evacuation is an opportunity to observe the behavior of this rare animal. This study aims to determine the behavior of N. diardi borneensis while in the South Kalimantan BKSDA transit cage as scientific information that can be used as a reference for preservation and conservation programs. The method used is observation using the focal animal sampling method. Observations are divided into three periods: in the morning from 08.00 – 09.00, in the afternoon from 12.00 – 13.00, and the afternoon from 16.00 – 17.00. In each period, observations were made for 1 hour with recording intervals, namely every 5-minute interval, to calculate the duration/time of the behavior and then calculate the percentage. The results obtained from observing the behavior of N. diardi borneensis for 14 days are the behavior shown by N. diardi borneensis during the transit drum, namely resting behavior with an average duration of 1883 minutes (75%), movement behavior with an average duration of 584 minutes (23%), and eating behavior with an average duration of 53 minutes (2%). The Bornean clouded leopard has a unique special behavior: spending most of its time doing activities on tree branches (arboreal).
EVALUASI PERTUMBUHAN TOXORHYNCHITES SPLENDENS AKIBAT SUPLEMENTASI DIET Muhamat Muhamat
Bioscientiae Vol 20, No 2 (2023): Bioscientiae Volume 20 No 2
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/b.v20i2.11522

Abstract

 Toxorhynchites splendens, or the giant mosquito, does not need blood for food but eats sweet substances such as honey, flower nectar, plant sap, and fruit extracts. There still needs to be more information about the nutrition of these mosquitoes; even research on the type of nutrition they prefer still needs to be improved. This study aims to determine the type of feed nutrition they prefer, describe their feeding activities, and define when they eat. The method in this study consisted of several stages, namely collecting larvae, rearing larvae, providing nutritional feed, observing mosquitoes, and analyzing data. The results showed that this kind of mosquitoes preferred the type of feed nutrition in liquids such as honey solution compared to flower plants and juices derived from fruit. They eat during the day, especially in the morning and evening. The longevity of both male and female mosquitoes is less than seven days. This study concludes that Tx. splendens can consume a solution of honey and flower nectar, but the feed nutrition cannot meet the needs of life and reproduction, so they need additional feed.
KEMAMPUAN BAHAN SEDIAAN SIRUP BUAH NAGA SUPER MERAH (Hylocereus costaricensis) DALAM MENURUNKAN GLUKOSA DARAH PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 Sasi Gendro Sari; Siti Aminah; Rusmiati Rusmiati
Bioscientiae Vol 21, No 2 (2024): Bioscientiae Volume 21 No 2
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/b.v21i2.13285

Abstract

The research aimed to determine the effect of pitaya's pulp and its peel as syrup sources against blood glucose level in diabetes melitus patients, to examine the glicemic index value, and to compare the difference of nutrition between the two syrup sources. Pitaya was obtained from pitaya’s agriculture at Pelaihari, Tanah Laut Regency and probandus samplings were selected from ten diabetes melitus patients's list of Idaman Banjarbaru Hospital. Pitaya samples were divided into three classification such as a sample A (200 g pulp), a sample B (100 g pulp, 100 g peel, 100 mL aquadest), a sample C (200 g peel, 200 mL aquadest) and a control D as a diet indicator (100 g white bread). The syrup was given to the patients after 10 hours of their fasting, and then blood samples were taken 1-2µL from their finger tip to measure blood sugar. The result showed a significant effect of lowering blood glucose level. The glicemic index values of samples A, B, and C were 46,24%, 35,51% and 35,39% respectively and their values had low glicemic index values. Syrup samples were measured based on proximate analysis, sugar levels and antioxidant activities. The concentrations of water contents, ash contents, carbohydrate, and protein from samples A, B and C were significantly different, meanwhile antioxidant and lipid levels were not significantly different. Sugar containing in syrup samples A, B, and C were categorized at low levels as follow: 13brix, 3,8brix, and 1,2 brix respectively.

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