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Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23031816     EISSN : 25032356     DOI : https://doi.org/10.53638/
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
ublic Health and Preventive Medicine Archive (PHPMA) is an open access, peer reviewed journal published by Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. Issues covered in the journal are as the following: Environmental and occupational health Field and Clinical Epidemiology Global health Health policy analysis Health promotion Health systems and health care management Maternal and child health Program monitoring and evaluation Public health nutrition Reproductive health, sexually transmitted infections and HIV related issues Travel health and health tourism Population and family planning Disaster management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 310 Documents
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Analysis of factors associated with the presence of Aedes aegypti larvae in working area of Community Health Centre III, South Denpasar Ida Bagus Ekaputra; Luh Seri Ani; Ketut Suastika
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 1 No. 2 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2013.v1.i2.p13

Abstract

The Public Health Center (PHC) III of South Denpasar is one of the endemic areas of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Denpasar, Bali Province. Dengue morbidity rate was high (>55 per 100,000 population), while the Percentage of Larvae Free Rate (PLFR) was low (<95%). This study aims at discovering the relationship between community's knowledge, attitude, behavior of Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) larvae eradication and environmental health with the existence of Ae. aegypti larvae in the working area of PHC III of South Denpasar. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 147 households using systematic random sampling from a total of 5781 households. The respondents were the head of the family unit. The independent variables were knowledge, attitude, behavior and environmental health, while the dependent variable was the presence of Ae. aegypti mosquito larvae. The data were collected by using interview and observation in the respondent's house using instruments of questionnaire. The data were then analysed in stages covering the univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results indicated the PLFR was 87.1%. The variables related to the existence of larva were behavior (PR=17.89; 95%CI: 4.99-64.11) and environmental health (PR=7,08; 95%CI: 2.48-20.23). Multivariate analysis revealed that dominant variable was the behavior (PR=11,60, 95%CI: 2,98-45,13). Meanwhile, knowledge and attitude were not statistically associated with the existence of larvae. It can be concluded that the behavioral changes efforts that support of Ae. aegypti larvae eradication is still needed. It was recommended that the PHC needs to upscale health promotion efforts addressing the severity of DHF and prevention methods, cross-sector coordination, and involvement from healthcare providers as well as specially employed field workers in developing societies to eradicate mosquito breeding in order to increase the community's behavior of mosquito-larva eradication in order to increase the PLFR and to reduce the incidence rate of DHF.
Ledakan pertumbuhan penduduk di Provinsi Bali dan solusinya Dewa Nyoman Wirawan
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 1 No. 2 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2013.v1.i2.p14

Abstract

Diperlukan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbedaan TFR dan pola pemakaian kontrasepsi pada penduduk migran dan penduduk lokal sehingga program dan jenis pelayanan bisa dikhususkan pada masing-masing kelompok tersebut. Misalnya, bila penduduk migran lebih memilih implan (KB Susuk), maka perlu disediakan pelayanan kontrasepsi jenis ini di daerah-daerah pemukiman mereka.
Kondisi penyakit-penyakit kronik: tantangan pelayanan kesehatan abad ke-21 dan masukan untuk implementasi Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional 2014 I Wayan Weta
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 1 No. 2 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2013.v1.i2.p15

Abstract

Pada prinsipnya melalui JKN ini kita bergotong royong dalam membiayai pelayanan kesehatan, mereka yang berisiko rendah membantu saudaranya yang berisiko tinggi. Untuk mencapai hal tersebut perlu komunikasi yang sistematis dan intensif antara pemegang kebijakan dengan masyarakat, antara organisasi PPK dengan masyarakat dan antara kelompok masyarakat itu sendiri.
Meningkatnya angka kematian ibu (MMRatio): apakah betul? Dewa Nyoman Wirawan
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2014.v2.i1.p01

Abstract

Dengan demikian, perlu amat hati-hati bila memakai data SDKI tahun 2012 untuk menentukan pencapaian target MDGs di Indonesia. Penelitian lain yang juga mengukur kematian ibu secara nasional adalah Sensus Penduduk 2010 yang sampai saat ini belum dipublikasikan hasilnya. Ada baiknya MMRatio dari hasil Sensus Penduduk 2010 juga dipublikasikan secara transparan disertai ulasan tentang kelemahan-kelemahannya sehingga bisa dikaji oleh berbagai pihak yang pakar di bidangnya.
Trends in HIV Prevalence, Condom Use and Associated Factors among Female Sex Workers in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia Dewa Nyoman Wirawan; Emily Rowe; Made Suarjaya; Luh Putu Sri Armini
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2014.v2.i1.p02

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to review trends of HIV prevalence, condom use and associated risk factors among the female sex workers (FSW) in Denpasar, Bali. Methods: To analyze trends of HIV prevalence, surveillance data from 2000-2013 was used. Survey data from 2007 to 2013 was referenced for analysis of condom use trends. Data on associated risk factors was taken from 2012 integrated HIV and behavior survey. Results and conclusion: HIV prevalence among direct FSW in 2000 was as low as 1.6% (95%CI: 0.05-3.15) and continued to rise, reaching a prevalence peak of 22.5% (95%CI: 16.4-26.6) in 2010. HIV prevalence began to decline in 2011, 2012 and 2013. Analysis unearthed similar prevalence trends among indirect FSW albeit with a much lower prevalence of 0.25% in 2001, rising to 7.2% in 2010 and declining to 2.2% in 2013. The proportion of direct FSW reporting to always wear condoms in the last working week increased from 38% in 2007 (95%CI: 33.3-42.7) to 65% in 2013 (95%CI: 60.4-69.6). Multivariate analysis with logistic regression indicated that the significant risk factor with HIV prevalence was the specific grouping of FSW, in that low/mid-price are more at risk in comparison to high price with OR=4.37 (95%CI: 1.42-13.38). Risk factors associated with condom use was also the specific group of FSW, high price reported higher condom use with OR=4.04 (95%CI:2.03-8.04) and greater role of sex work site ‘pimps’ in encouraging their FSW to reject clients refusing to wear condoms with OR=2.06 (95%CI: 1.29-3.30). HIV prevalence among indirect and high-price direct FSW was much lower compared to prevalence in low/mid-price direct FSW. HIV prevalence and condom use among direct FSW population are significantly associated with group price range and the role of ‘pimps’.
Women’s Perception, Familial and Mass Media Influence upon Ratus Vaginal Douche Usage in Bali, 2013 Widyastuti; Nazrina Zuryani; I Nyoman Mangku Karmaya
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2014.v2.i1.p03

Abstract

Background and purpose: The ratus vaginal douching technique is a treatment by evaporation in the genital area, that compound is called “ratus”. There are a number of controversies surrounding the ratus technique, especially regarding the benefits and detrimental aspects. This study applies a behaviour model Green (2007) with a focus on three factors: the determinant, supporting and stimulant. This study was aimed to understand the relationship perception, socio economic, familial, and mass media upon ratus vaginal douching usage. Methods: This study used a quantitative approach with an analytic observational cross-sectional design. Study used random sampling of 63 samples that taken from 3 different Spas. Results: The respondents were 44 (69.8%) who performed the ratus vaginal douching and 19 (30.2%) who had not performed. Results indicated that the variables of perception, knowledge, familial, and the mass media showed a significant correlation with the value of (p<0.05). The result of multivariate analysis came from mass media that had the greatest influence with OR=8.47 (95%CI: 1.21-59.42). Conclusion: Mass media had the greatest influence on the use of the ratus vaginal douching in Bali Province.
Relationship between Education, Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior and Family Support with Antenatal Care (ANC) Visit Frequency among Expectant Mothers in the Ermera District Timor Leste, 2013 Honoria D.F.P. Carvalho; Nyoman Tigeh Suryadhi; Luh Putu Lila Wulandari
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2014.v2.i1.p04

Abstract

Background and purpose: Regional government recommendations require that 80% of all pregnant mothers visit an antenatal care clinic, however, Ermera District has yet to fulfil this target (34.5%). Low levels of access to antenatal care clinic services impacts negatively on maternal and infant mortality. This study aims to determine the relationship between education, knowledge, attitudes, behaviors and family support with ANC clinic access among pregnat mothers in Ermera District, Timor Leste. Methods: A cross-sectional design was adopted with a sample of 87 pregnant mothers, drawn by the method of multistage cluster random sampling of 9.886 population. The dependent variable was the ANC clinic, while maternal education, knowledge, attitude, behavior and family support were independent variables. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires, however for the illiterate, researcher assisted completion of the instrument. Data analysis was conducted in stages included univariate, bivariate (chi-squared test) and multivariate (logistic regression) analysis. Results: The results of bivariate analysis indicated there was significant association between knowledge (p=0.002), attitude (p=0.012), behavior (p=0.030), and family support (p=0.015) with the ANC in pregnant women. Multivariate analysis indicated that there was an association between maternal knowledge and ANC visit frequency. Analysis showed that maternal knowledge was the only variable associated with the ANC visits (p=0.046). Conclusion: Only maternal knowledge is associated with the ANC visit among pregnant mothers in Ermera District, Timor Leste
The Utilization of Reproductive Health Services for Adolescents in Tegallalang I Health Centre Deni Witari; Ni Luh Putu Suariyani; I Nyoman Mangku Karmaya
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2014.v2.i1.p05

Abstract

Background and purpose: Adolescence is one of the most crucial periods of a human’s life cycle, and therefore, there is an unquestionable need for services that directly address adolescent reproductive health issues. The number of adolescents who utilized reproductive health services at Tegallalang I Health Centre is only 119 out of 708 targeted adolescents. This study investigate the correlation between knowledge, attitude, adolescent needs, access, family acceptability, and the utilization of reproductive health services in Tegallalang I Health Centre. Methods: The design was a cross sectional analytic. From the population of 4725 adolescents in the Tegallalang I Health Centre work area, 84 were selected through systematic random sampling. The independent variables were knowledge, attitude, adolescent needs, access and family acceptability while the dependent variable was the utilization of adolescent reproductive health service. Data was collected through structured interviews and analysed using univariate, bivariate (chi-squared test), and multivariate (logistic regression) analysis. Results: The results of this study showed that most respondents have high level of knowledge (54.8%), negative attitudes (69.0%)), perceived need (59.5%), ease of access (52.4%), negative family acceptability (60.7%)), and (62.0%) do not take advantage of services. Based on the bivariate analysis it is evident that there is a relationship between knowledge (p=0.043), attitude (p=0.047), access (p=0.08), family acceptability (p=0.042) and the utilization of reproduction health service. Based on multivariate analysis, it is evident that access has a positive influence on the utilization of reproductive health service with OR=3.481 (95%CI: 1,21-10,24). Conclusion: Access has a positive influence on the utilisation of reproductive health service in Tegalalang I Health Centre.
Barriers to Encourage Motivation in Relation to Work Performance of Nurses in Buleleng District Hospital Budiastri; Ayu Indrayathi; I Putu Ganda Wijaya
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2014.v2.i1.p06

Abstract

Background and purpose: Nurses at hospitals regularly receives criticism from the general public, negatively commenting on their lack of patient care, lack of professionalism and diminished quality of service. Survey findings on patient satisifaction at Buleleng Public Hospital from 2011 indicate that 2.03% of patients remained unsatisfied with staff workplace attitudes and 6.39% felt that nursing service overall was unsatisifactory. Preliminary interviews with ward nurses on 24 November 2012 exposed a number of issues: a lack of career support and development for nurses, including opportunities to expand their skills, and a lack of workplace satisifaction from patient supplementary income. Weakness regarding technical support and motivation from ward supervisors evidently also has an impact on nurses workplace motivation and therefore quality of service. This research investigates the influence of supervision, career development, supplementary income support, and administrational records on the workplace attitude of nursing staff. Methods: Research was formulated using qualitative and phenomenology methods. Informants were purposively selected. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and administration documentation study and analysed using thematic analysis. Results and conclusion: Findings indicated that little monitoring and evaluation of nurse workplace attitudes, a lack of support and motivational direction from supervisors, administrational documentation issues, minimun supplementary income support, as well as career development had a large impact on nurse quality of care. Most dominant variables included supervision, career development and supplementary income support.
Association between Cadre Knowledge, Feeding Behaviours and Daily Intake with Changes in Nutritional Status of Undernourished Children in Kawangu Health Centre, East Sumba Maria Kareri Hara; Kadek Tresna Adhi; Alex Pangkahila
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2014.v2.i1.p07

Abstract

Background and purpose: In 2012, in Eastern Sumba 21% of children under 5 were malnourished; at the Kawangu Health Centre (KHC) it was reported that 3.4% of children were underweight. This study aims to investigate relationships between cadre knowledge, motivation and behavior of child carers with the nutritional status changes of children from KHC. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 80 samples was conducted. Variables were cadre knowledge, motivation, feeding behaviors and change in nutritional status. Data on cadre knowledge and motivation was collected through a self-administered questionnaire and through interviews conducted with child carers. Anthropometric measurements were taken to assess changes in nutritional status of children. Analysis used univariate and bivariate chi-square test. Results: Results indicated respondents were aged 26-35 (41.2%), had elementary school education (56.2%), were farmers (91.2%), had experience as cadres for 2 years (53.8%), were trained (72.5%) and had been involved with the program less than <45 days (91.2%). About 55.0% of respondents indicated a high level of knowledge and were highly motivated (86.2%). Carers indicated a fair behaviour change (51.2%), although there was an increase in improvement in nutritional status (63.8%). There was relationship between cadre knowledge and changes in feeding behaviours (p=0.016), but not with cadre motivation (p=0.500). There was an association between feeding behavior (p=0.032) with changes in nutritional status. Conclusion: The good levels of cadre knowledge and high quality feeding practices impacted positively upon improvements in child nutritional status.

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