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Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29625475     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/jmef
Core Subject :
JMEF publishes publications that report on R&D discoveries and fundamental understanding of phenomena with potential significance, as well as those that explore solutions to current engineering challenges in materials and mechanical engineering or related fields. JMEF includes original research, review and short communication articles. JMEF welcomes original articles on all aspects of materials science/engineering and mechanical engineering, including: 1. Materials synthesis, processing and manufacturing; 2. Advanced Materials; 3. Extraction metallurgy; 4. Physics of Materials; 5. Computational studies on Materials and Mechanical Engineering; 6. Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer; 7. Management Integrity and Reliability Engineering; 8. Mechanical systems; and related fields.
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Articles 68 Documents
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Estimating Remaining Life and Fitness-For-Services Evaluation of Fuel Piping Systems Purwidyasari, Sekar Putri; Kurniawan, Ahmad Isni; Ferdian, Deni
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings Vol. 2, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Assets life extension are required to predict the design life expiry based on condition and effects of deterioration. The remaining life assessment will answer the questions about timing of the component or equipment will lead to failure and shall be evaluated by inspection and maintenance monitoring. This study elaborates process calculation and analysis by using remaining life assessment and fitness for services method according to API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 for process piping area. The result of remaining useful life estimation and estimated life has been proposed. There are 11 piping systems based on the condition monitoring with thickness measurements. The result is 2 piping systems was not reached more than 20 years of age and continue to the assessment of fitness for service. The result for Inlet Naphtha 946-TK-5 piping systems is accepted for assessment level 1, both the result of evaluating average measured criteria and evaluating minimum measured thickness. The piping systems can continue the operation until the estimated life. Another result for Discharge Crude 946-P1AB to CDU piping systems was not accepted due to the minimum measured thickness not met the criteria. Hence, the piping systems is potentially unsafe with the given data during the lifetime.
Effect of Heat Input on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Submerged Arc Welded SM570-TMC Steel Yuhandri, Toni; Winarto, Winarto; Natalia, Diana
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings Vol. 2, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

SM570TMC is high-strength steel (HSS), which is commonly used in structures that require higher-strength components. In this research, submerged arc welding (SAW)-welded SM570 TMC steels' microstructure and mechanical characteristics were examined. SM570 plates with 12mm thickness were multi-pass welded by using a 3.0 mm diameter of ESAB OK Autrod 13.40 (AWS A5.23: EG) filler metal. The joint design is a single V multi-pass butt weld with a backing strip. Two welded joints were prepared by using heat inputs of 2.2 and 2.9 kJ/mm. The microstructures of two welded joints were observed by using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Hardness tests were performed in the weld metal, heat-affected zone, and base metal. The mechanical properties of welded joints were assessed using the tensile test and Charpy V notch impact test in HAZ and weld metal areas. The result showed that the strength of joints is satisfactory with no fracture in weld metal while the impact energy of weld metal and HAZ is acceptable for lower temperature application.
The Effect of Current Density and Hard Chrome Coating Duration on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of AISI D2 Steel Hasanah, Indah Uswatun; Priadi, Dedi; Dhaneswara, Donanta
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings Vol. 2, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The effect of hard chromium coating on AISI D2's mechanical properties and wear resistance has been investigated using the electrolysis technique with varying current and coating duration. The variations of current used are 0.8 A, 1.2 A, and 1.6 A, while the coating duration used are 300, 600 and 900 seconds. Characterization of the films was conducted using SEM-EDS, and XRD. It can be observed from SEM characterization that the chrome grains resulted from the electroplating process are fine. The XRD identify chrome compund on the surface coating. The highest hardness value was 520.6 HV on a sample with a current of 1.6 A and a coating duration of 900 seconds and the lowest wear value was 2.85x10-6 mm3/mm on a sample with a current of 1.6 A and a coating duration of 900 seconds.
Local Chlorhexidine Delivery for Periodontal Infection Therapy: A Short Review Najmudin, Muhammad Guruh; Pangesty, Azizah Intan; Riastuti, Rini; Sunarso, Sunarso; Abdullah, Abdul Halim
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings Vol. 2, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Oral diseases affected more than half of the world’s population. Periodontitis is the second biggest threat to oral health after dental caries. Periodontitis is an inflammation inside periodontal pockets caused by pathogenic microbial colonies which lead to destruction of bone tissue and soft tissue. Chlorhexidine gluconate is an antimicrobial agent that effective to destroy pathogenic microbial and cure periodontitis. Chlorhexidine gluconate is given locally using a carrier material to the infected area. There are several materials that can be used to deliver Chlorhexidine gluconate to the infected periodontal tissue such as gel, liquid (mouthwash), and chip. This short review aims to describe the current methods to deliver Chlorhexidine gluconate to the infected periodontal tissue, including the advantages, disadvantages, and the future trend of the carrier materials used for periodontitis treatment. Future research about materials that can help to optimize tissue restorative after cure periodontitis would be beneficial.
Optimization of AlTi PLD coating by increasing Ti content, N2 and Annealing which used for SKD61 pins in aluminum die casting Kosasih, Rusman; Suliyanti, Maria Margaretha, Prof; Priadi, Dedi; Usni, Wisnu
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings Vol. 2, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The Alumunium Titanium Nitrogen (AlTiN) coating is known as one of the best coating materials for protective coating, while Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) is a laser coating process used for electric layer and superconductor applications, producing thin films up to 20 µm in thickness. The combination of these two matters has already been researched and is still in progress. One major challenge in the aluminium casting industry is to minimize the damage caused to tool steel pins made from SKD61, when aluminium material sticks to the pin, and halting production. Therefore, research on effective coatings for tool steels and testing various basic mechanical properties, such as hardness, coating content, roughness, adhesive level, surface image, and microstructure, need to be conducted to address this issue. The research started by creating dummy blocks as samples from SKD61, followed by PVD-PLD with three coating materials, namely Al/Ti (50:50), Al/Ti (40:60), and Al/Ti (30:70). The PLD utilized an Nd:YAG laser with a 1064 nm wavelength, and a vacuum condition with 99.5% High Purity N2 gas, concluding with the annealing process. Several sample tests were conducted to assess the effectiveness of the coatings, including FESEM, SEM, EDS, surface roughness, VDI, and micro-hardness, which were analyzed at the BRIN Physics Research Center and PT XYZ Laboratory. The results indicated that the thin layer deposition improved mechanical properties. The coatings showed an amorphous Al-Ti-N morphology, with surface hardness ranging from 333-384 mHv (without annealing) and 410-455 mHv (with annealing). The roughness increased from 0.198-0.247 Rz (without annealing) to 0.318-0.916 Rz (with annealing). The coatings were ranked in ascending order of hardness as AlTi 40:60, AlTi 50:50, and AlTi 30:70. These findings provide valuable insights for further research, including exploring substrate heat treatment, fixture rotation, and casting effects.
The Effect of Heat Treatment and Chemical Treatment on Natural Fibre to The Durability of Wood Plastic Composites – A Review Nasharudin, Nuratiqah Asyiqin Mohd; Sulaiman, Nur Fatihah; Mohammad, Nurul Aziemah; WAN JAAFAR, WAN NOR RAIHAN; Abu, Falah, Dr.; Surip, Siti Norasmah
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings Vol. 2, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The application of WPC is not only limited to indoor applications but has been extended to exterior applications where properties of WPC could compromise during service life. WPC was derived from wood fiber of various sizes to reinforce polymers. Wood fiber has the advantage of a cheaper price, being abundantly available, and ease of processing, however, the critical factor is its hydrophilic nature, where moisture absorption is likely to occur. Thus, treatments for reducing the hydrophilicity of wood fibers are applied. By treatment of wood fiber, the surface impurities were removed, leaving the roughened surface of fibers, thus providing a good surface for fiber-matrix interaction. The purpose of this study is to systematically review the effect of heat treatment and chemical treatment on wood fiber on the durability of WPC. The literature cited was searched in Scopus with related keywords – leading to 4292 articles. Article search was then limited from 2012 to 2021 and led to 443 articles to identify and analyze focusing on the durability of WPC. After fine-tuning, only 30 articles were considered to answer the research question in this study. The finding reveals that the treatment of wood fiber has a significant effect on the durability of WPC. Heat and chemical treatment were observed to improve the interfacial adhesion and resistance to fungal attack and the mechanical and physical properties of WPCs.
Combined Risk Based Inspection and Fault Tree Analysis for Repetitive 3-Phase Line Piping Leakage at West Java Offshore Topside Facility Yuliati, Dona; Yuwono, Akhmad Herman; Asral, D. Rizal; Dhaneswara, Donanta
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings Vol. 2, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Hydrocarbon releases might result in serious consequences in various aspects. In addition to the contribution to environmental pollution, repetitive leakages need high repair costs. This study aim is to minimize potential repetitive leakage for other typical 3-phase piping systems. We conducted the risk assessment by adopting Risk Based Inspection (RBI) API 581 to identify risk level, calculating piping lifetime, recommended inspection plan and mitigations. The most relevant root causes can be obtained through quantitative Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). Observation and investigation was taken from eight 3-phase piping systems that experienced repetitive leakages. It has been found that the risk level of some piping systems in yellow and red areas with one pipe in an unfit condition. Next inspection and/or mitigation dates as results of RBI calculation shall be conducted to reduce risk levels and prevent leakage cases. FTA shows the most likely events are the sand problem in fluid, high CO2 content, material deficiency, and high fluid velocity. If the root causes are known earlier, preventive mitigation can be conducted to prevent hydrocarbon release in the other 3-phase piping systems, such as application of internal coating, injection corrosion inhibitor or inspection/monitoring program.
The Effect of Parameters in Cryogenic Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Tool Steel: A Review Ekaputra, Ronaldus Caesariano; Mochtar, Myrna Ariati
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings Vol. 2, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Tool steel is classified as special alloy steel which proposed as dies or mold materials as their high mechanical properties and dimensional stability. In order to improve tool steel’s mechanical properties, heat treatment process, especially, cryogenic treatment is conducted. Cryogenic treatment is done by exposing tool steel material at sub-zero liquid/gas media after heated at austenite temperature. This process significantly affects the martensite phase transformation increase and avoids retained austenite emersion. In particular, the higher martensite volume fraction, the higher hardness and wear resistance value of tool steel. It had been proven that adjusting critical process parameters of cryogenic treatment (temperature process, soaking period, and tempering process) shall increase the efficiency of improving mechanical properties of cryo-treated finished product.
Characteristics of Sodium Lithium Titanate Synthesized at Different Solid-State Reaction Temperature for Lithium-Ion Battery Anode Yahya, Ilham Nur Dimas; Sofyan, Nofrijon; Khaerudini, Deni Shidqi; Timuda, Gerald Ensang; Priyono, Slamet
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings Vol. 2, No. 3
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The effect of sintering temperature on the characteristics of sodium lithium titanate (NaLiTi3O7/NaLTO) synthesized at different solid-state reaction temperature and its performance as lithium-ion battery anode has been investigated. The precursors for the synthesis consisted of LiOH.H2O, TiO2, and NaHCO3. The synthesis was performed via solid-state reaction method. The precursors were mixed and sintered at variation temperatures of 900oC, 1000oC, and 1100oC for 2 hours under atmosphere condition. The final product was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and particle size analyzer (PSA). The XRD analysis showed the main phase of NaLTO with some impurities. PSA analysis showed that the sintering temperature has a significant effect on changes in particle size where the sample at a temperature of 1100oC has the largest particle size of 74.62 µm. The battery was fabricated by firstly mixing NaLTO powder with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and acetylene black (AB) in a ratio of 85:10:5 wt.% and the mix was then deposited onto copper foil to form NaLTO a sheet. The NaLTO sheet was cut into circular discs with a diameter of 14 mm and were arranged in a sequence of separator, metallic lithium, and electrolyte to form a coin cell in a glove box. Characterization using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and charge-discharge (CD) showed that the NaLTO sintered at 1000oC provided good electrochemical performance with the largest diffusion coefficient of 3.948 x 10-10 m2/s, Coulombic efficiency reached 100%, and a high specific capacity of 65.83 mAh/g.
Nitrogen Gas Quenching Pressure Effect on Bs S155 Alloy Steel in Vacuum Furnace Hasanudin, Agus Mulyadi; Siradj, Eddy Sumarno
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings Vol. 2, No. 3
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Abstract

The production of metal and alloy products requires the use of heat treatment, when during the heat treatment process, quenching is a crucial step. The quenching medium can be anything from water, a salt bath, oil, air and gas. In a vacuum furnace, pressurized gas, most frequently nitrogen (N2) gas, serves as one of the quenching mediums. One of the drawbacks of the quenching process is the distortion and dimensional change of the parts. This paper aims to investigate the influence of nitrogen gas quenching pressure on the distortion and dimensional change of aerospace actuator gear planet parts made from BS S155 alloy steel. BS S155 is the British aerospace equivalent of U.S. steel grade 300M (4340M), it is a vacuum melted grade supplied in the normalized and softened condition to allow for final heat treatment and widely used such as undercarriage components, gears, and shafts. Gear planet parts heat treated and quenched with pressurized nitrogen gas as an independent variable of the experiment, then double temper as required on the specification. Following this, optical microscopes, tensile and hardness tests in accordance with ASTM E8 and ASTM E92, as well as dimensional analysis, were used to characterize the parts. The results demonstrate that nitrogen gas quenching at 1.5 bar pressure improves dimensional stability without degrading the mechanical properties of the part, with the maximum dimensional distortion being 0.06% or 20 µm, while the mechanical properties result for the two nitrogen gas quenching pressures were less significantly different.

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