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Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 24072354     EISSN : 24770612     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/psr
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Aims Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR), an international, peer-reviewed, open access, and official journal from Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, aims to disseminate research results and findings in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices. Major area of interest is natural products in drug discovery and development. We also consider other areas related to pharmaceutical sciences and practices. PSR publishes content in English language to promote the sharing of knowledge to international scholars. PSR publish 5 types of articles: 1. Original article 2. Case report 3. Case series 4. Review article 5. Mini review article Scope Researches in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices which are covered by PSR are within these subject areas: - Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry - Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Pharmaceutical Technology - Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - Clinical Pharmacy - Pharmacology-Toxicology - Social and Administrative Pharmacy, including Pharmacoeconomy
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Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 12, No. 2" : 5 Documents clear
Formulation and In vitro Evaluation of Kaffir Lime Fruit Peel Extract-Containing Gel for Sunscreen, Antioxidant, and Moisturizing Activity Darsono, Farida Lanawati; Soegianto, Lisa
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 12, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Kaffir lime peel waste (Citrus hystrix) has antioxidant effects that have the potential to protect the skin from exposure to UV-A and UV-B rays, as well as moisturize the skin. This study aims to determine the effect of increasing the concentration of condensed extract of kaffir lime fruit peel on its effectiveness as an antioxidant, sunscreen activity, and moisturizer. The condensed extract was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol. In this study, we tested hydrophilic gels consisting of 4 extract concentrations in their formula: F1 (7.5%), F2 (10%), F3 (15%), and F4 (20%). The research phase begins with the extract standardization process and gel formulation, followed by testing physical quality and efficacy as an antioxidant, sunscreen, and moisturizing activity. Experimental data from different batches and formulas were analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA statistical method. The condensed extract (20%) provides an IC50 value of 15.51 mg/mL. The results of the experiment showed that increasing the concentration of kaffir lime fruit peel extract could reduce the pH value, viscosity and increase the spreadability of the gel preparation. The SPF value increased with increasing extract concentration. It is included in the maximum protection category, while based on the % Erythema Transmission Value ≤ 1 and % Transmission Pigmentation of 3-40, it falls under the total block category. Increasing the concentration of a condensed extract of kaffir lime fruit peel in a hydrophilic gel base can increase its effectiveness as a UV protector and a moisturizer, with F3 (15%) as the best formula.
In vitro Antiviral Activity of Cat’s Claw (Uncaria tomentosa) bark Extract Against Human Influenza A Virus Makau, Juliann N; Talaam, Keith K; Odiwuor, Mike; Majanja, Janet M; Musenjeri, Sophia; Rahmasari, Ratika; Khamadi, Samoel A; Watanabe, Ken
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 12, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Influenza A viruses mutate very fast and this leads to the development of resistance to antivirals, hence the need to find new therapeutics. Due to their extensive traditional use, natural products are crucial resources for the discovery of drugs. Cat’s claw (Uncaria tomentosa), is a tropical vine known for various health benefits and in this study we evaluated its anti-influenza activity. Pulverized material of the stem bark was extracted using 80% ethanol, hot water, and 1% sodium bicarbonate. The extracts were dried and dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide before testing for cytotoxicity and antiviral activity using crystal violet assay. The extracts exhibited antiviral activity with a 50% inhibitory concentration range of 2.3 - 6.2 µg/mL. The 1% sodium bicarbonate extract had the least 50% cytotoxic concentration of 125 µg/mL and was used for further analyses. It was effective against several human influenza A virus strains including an oseltamivir-resistant clinical isolate of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza. Time-of-addition experiments showed significant suppression of virus replication when the virus was pretreated with the extract before infecting to cells and also when the virus and extract were co-administered to the cells; suggesting that the extract was inactivating the virus. Oseltamivir was used as a positive control and only suppressed late stages of virus replication. These results were consistent with the hemagglutination inhibition assay data which showed direct virucidal activity on influenza virus particles. Our data demonstrates possible future use of Cat’s claw in influenza management. However, more investigation is needed to identify the bioactive components.
Exploring The Vitronectin Binding Affinity and Cell Viability Effect of Small Molecule Metabolites From Medicinal Plants For Neuroblastoma Alaribe, Stephenie C. A; Granados-Aparici, Sofia; Oladipupo, Akolade R; Vieco-Marti, Isaac; Titilayo, Blessing E; Allen, Gordon; Noguera, Rosa
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 12, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

High-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NB) is an aggressive form of childhood cancer with a five-year survival rate of less than 50%, underscoring the need for more efficacious and less toxic treatments. The glycoprotein vitronectin (VN) has been linked to poor prognosis in patients with HR-NB, thus inhibitors of VN function represent a promising avenue for molecular mechanotherapy. This study investigated the binding affinity between the somatomedin B (SMB) domain of VN and natural compounds from the medicinal plant, Olax subscorpioidea, targeting the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). The therapeutic potential of α-amyrin (AMY), lupeol (LUP), and olax chalcone A (olax CHA) was tested in combination with an integrin antagonist of VN, cilengitide (CLG), using the SK-N-BE(2) HR-NB cell line as a model. Molecular docking studies indicated protein-ligand interactions for all compounds, with CLG showing the most favorable binding free energy, followed by LUP, AMY, and olax CHA. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated the SMB domain of VN binding site of PAI-1 initially exhibited flexibility, with alpha-carbon root mean square deviation (RMSD) stabilizing at 1.8-2.1 Å. All compounds reduced SK-N-BE(2) cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. CLG showed the strongest antiproliferative effect (IC₅₀ = 15.25 µM). Olax CHA had higher efficacy than AMY and LUP (IC₅₀ = 74.23 µM vs. 125.45 µM and 103.36 µM). Combining the compounds with CLG further decreased viability and IC₅₀ values. Synergy analysis showed only olax CHA plus CLG had a synergistic effect. This suggests olax CHA plus CLG as a promising therapeutic strategy against neuroblastoma cells.
Efficacy and Safety of Glibenclamide Compared with Insulin in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Haifa, Alifia Fauziyyah; Qomariyanti, Khairunnisa; Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi; Sauriasari, Rani
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 12, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent pregnancy complication associated with an increased risk of maternal and neonatal complications compared with non-diabetic pregnancies. Pharmacological treatments, such as glibenclamide, are expected to provide optimal glycemic control and reduce these risks. However, concerns regarding its safety persist and some regulatory agencies have not approved glibenclamide for GDM treatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the most recent evidence on the efficacy and safety of glibenclamide compared with insulin in the management of GDM, with a focus on maternal and neonatal outcomes based on the most recent RCT. The objective is to provide updated insight and strengthen the evidence based supporting the use of glibenclamide as treatment option for GDM. Relevant studies were identified from Pubmed, Scopus, and CENTRAL databases, resulting in 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 2,019 participants. The pooled analysis found that glibenclamide significantly increases the risk of neonatal hypoglycemia [RR 1.65; 95% CI 1.23 to 2.22; p-value 0.0009] and significantly decreases the risk of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) [RR 0.56; 95% CI 0.33 to 0.95; p-value 0.03], compared to insulin. No significant differences were observed in other maternal and neonatal outcomes between the two treatments. In conclusion, glibenclamide demonstrated comparable efficacy and safety to insulin in the management of GDM, making it a viable treatment option alongside insulin.
Advancing Herbal Medicine: The Role of Nanosomal Technology in Treating Skin Diseases Aswan, Pedro Anugerah; Maggadani, Baitha Palanggatan; Fachri, Wilzar; Iswandana, Raditya
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 12, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Herbal medicine has become popular worldwide, especially in developing countries, with around 80% of the population opting for herbal treatments. The perceived benefits of natural remedies, such as affordability and fewer side effects, drive this trend. Herbal therapies effectively manage skin diseases, infections, and common ailments. However, the absorption of bioactive compounds in herbal extracts is often limited. Recent developments in nano-based herbal delivery systems, like nanosomal, show promise in enhancing the efficacy of herbal remedies for topical applications, providing improved solubility, stability, and skin penetration. This review describes various nanosomal studies developed and successfully used to enhance the topical delivery of natural compounds, including liposomes, ethosomes, transfersomes, transethosomes, phytosomes, and niosomes.

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