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Makara Journal of Health Research
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23563664     EISSN : 23563656     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/msk
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Makara Journal of Health Research (MJHR) is a peer-reviewed and scientific journal published by Universitas Indonesia. Starting from 2019 onwards, MJHR is redirecting its scope, focusing on publishing research articles relevant to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) addressing issues of surveillance, disease management and health policy in the Asia Pacific and Mediterranean countries. Relevant academic articles regarding NCDs analyzed from an integrated perspective including individual and population level, experimental and clinical approaches, epidemiology, public health, disease prevention and health promotion, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and palliative care are welcome.
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Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 25, No. 3" : 10 Documents clear
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Saudi Citizens on COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multi-region Survey Alreshidi, Maha Sanat; Alreshidi, Nojoud Abdullah Daaya; Felemban, Ebaa; Gonzales, Ferdinand
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Although policies and guidelines may not always be optimal in all settings, a tailor-fitted guideline is appropriate. This study aims to determine the differences in the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of Saudi citizens toward Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: A quantitative-comparative-correlational approach was carried out from March 21 to May 22, 2020. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and t-test were used to determine the differences in knowledge and demographic characteristics. Linear regression was used to determine relationships among KAP. Results: The participants’ knowledge yielded 82.83%, positive attitudes (M = 2.10; SD = 1.15) and good practices (M = 2.10; SD = 1.15). Significant differences in knowledge were found for gender (t = −6.79; p < 0.001), marital status (F = 10.59; p < 0.001), education (F = 32.46; p < 0.001), occupation (F = 6.79; p < 0.001), and area of residence (F = 7.53; p <.001). Knowledge and practices showed a significant relationship (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Gender, marital status, education, occupation, and area of residence are all causal factors that differ regarding knowledge. Moreover, a significant relationship between knowledge and practice is established, which is necessary to improve. These study results can serve as a basis for creating effective health education programs toward COVID-19.
Perceived Preparedness of Healthcare Workers to Cope with COVID-19 Pandemic in Hail Region Hospitals, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study Alshammari, Farhan; Rondilla, Evalynn; Asharari, Abdalkarem; Alshammari, Fahad
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: All hospitals must have emergency plans because they play a crucial role in providing critical care. This study assesses the perceived hospital preparedness of healthcare workforces to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic regarding their demographic characteristics. Methods: This study utilized a descriptive, cross-sectional design to investigate the preparedness of hospital and healthcare workers in the city of Hail, Saudi Arabia. A convenience and snowball sampling method was used. A total of 330 healthcare workers participated in the study, which utilized a Google Form survey and was adapted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis were used to analyze the data. Data collection was conducted in July and August 2020. Results: Overall, hospital employees agreed that they and their hospital were prepared for COVID-19 (2.98). No significant difference (p > 0.362) was found in the perception of male and female employees. However, hospital preparedness significantly differed by profession (p < 0.020) and educational attainment (p < 0.030); the post hoc test showed that COVID-19 preparedness was high for respondents with higher educational attainment, years of experience (p < 0.003), and the number of training sessions attended (p < 0.003). Conclusions: The healthcare workforce is prepared to combat COVID-19. Of the demographic profiles of the healthcare workers, only sex was not a factor in preparedness. Profession, educational attainment, years of experience, and the number of related training sessions were all determinants of the healthcare workers’ preparedness. These demographic characteristics can serve as factors in training and retraining the staff in battling COVID-19.
Depression and Behavioral Changes Associated with Social Media Dependency During COVID-19 Pandemic Among University Students in Bangladesh: A Cross- Sectional Study Karmokar, Sushmita; Islam, Md. Ashraful; Muktadir, Mohammad Hamid Al; Hasan, Rakibul; Tareq, Abu Montakim; Amin, Mohammad Nurul; Emran, Talha Bin
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: With its rapid spread, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had a detrimental effect on students’ psychological well-being, depression, and behavioral changes due to indefinite educational leaves, lockdowns, restricted outdoor activities, and excess use of social media. This study aims to assess the relationship of social media exposure with the psychological well-being, depression, and behavioral changes of Bangladeshi university students. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional survey was carried out on 530 students from June 17 to July 10, 2020, to evaluate psychological well-being, depression, behavioral changes, and social media exposure via self-reported measures. Results: The prevalence of factors were as follows: poor psychological well-being was 24.9%; moderate to severe depression was 56.6%; severe behavioral changes was 32.1%; and of moderate to severe addiction to social media exposure was 38.3%. All factors were positively associated with social media exposure. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the addiction of participants to social media was 7.488 times higher with severe behavioral changes (OR: 7.488; 95% CI 4.708–11.909), 2.299 times higher with poor psychological functioning (OR: 2.299; 95% CI 1.421–3.721), 30.54 times higher with severe depressed (OR: 30.54; 95% CI 15.0–62.177) than that of individuals without such symptoms. Conclusions: The above findings imply that the government needs to pay greater attention to improve the overall situation of Bangladeshi university students.
Parental Differences in Knowledge, Perception, and Safety Behaviors Regarding Home Injuries in an Urban Malaysian District Mohd Basar, Munirah; Ali, Mohd Fairuz; Abdul Aziz, Aznida
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Parents play an essential role in the prevention of home-related injuries among children. Traditionally, mothers provided direct overall care, whereas evidence on fathers' roles in children’s injuries is limited. This study assesses the differences between parents of children attending kindergarten regarding their knowledge and perception of home injuries and safety behaviors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2018 in 10 private kindergartens in the Selangor district in Malaysia. Self-administered questionnaires on sociodemographic data, knowledge of home injuries, perceptions toward home injuries, and safety behaviors at home were distributed. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were done to determine associated factors. Results: A total of 147 fathers and 182 mothers participated. Differences in parental knowledge, perception, and safety behaviors were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). A poor correlation existed between both knowledge (r = 0.099, p = 0.073) and perception (r = 0.207, p < 0.001) with behavior scores. Most parents regarded injuries involving children at home as unavoidable and perceived mild injuries as the norm. However, most parents agreed that monitoring children’s activities could reduce injury risk. Conclusions: Healthcare practitioners should promote safe behavioral practices to both parents equally to improve their children's knowledge and perception of home injuries.
Quality of Life of Pharmacy Students with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in South India: A Cross-Sectional Study Mugada, Vinodkumar; Mandarapu, Krishna Priya
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: One in five women in India suffers from polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the quality of life of pharmacy students suffering from PCOS and provide awareness through counseling. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 103 students with PCOS for 6 months. The Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Quality of Life (PCOSQ) questionnaire was used to determine the quality of life. Results: The prevalence of PCOS in our study was 39.5%. The mean age of the students was 21.1 (±1.8) years. The mean duration of the disorder was 17.8 (±13.0) months. More than three-quarters (77.6%) of them were under medications. Menstrual problems had a severe negative impact on the quality of life. In addition, emotion, body hair, weight gain, and infertility had a moderate impact on the quality of life. A significant association was observed among sleeping habits and infertility problems (p = 0.014), physical activity, weight (p = 0.032), and menstrual problems (p = 0.042). Conclusions: Menstrual problems have a significant impact on the quality of life of students with PCOS. Moreover, health science students must develop an awareness of prevalent noncommunicable diseases to help themselves and the society.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Dizziness Among a National Community-Dwelling Sample of Older Adults in India in 2017–2018 Pengpid, Supa; Peltzer, Karl
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of dizziness in older community-dwelling adults in India. Methods: The cross-sectional sample was composed of 21,343 individuals (≥65 years) from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) Wave 1 in 2017–2018. Dizziness was assessed by determining if the individuals suffered from “persistent or troublesome dizziness or light headedness” in the past 2 years. Results: Women and men had the overall prevalence of 14.6%/17.2% and 11.6% in past 2-year dizziness, respectively. Adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed that sociodemographic factors (female sex), physical chronic conditions (angina), geriatric conditions (incontinence and impaired vision), stress and mental health (poor or fail self-rated health, perceived discrimination, neurological or psychiatric problems, insomnia symptoms, persistent headaches, and severe fatigue or exhaustion) and health risk behavior (tobacco use) were positively associated with dizziness. Conclusions: One in seven older adults in India had past 2-year dizziness. The factors associated with dizziness included female sex, angina, incontinence, impaired vision, poor or fair self-rated health, perceived discrimination, neurological or psychiatric problems, insomnia symptoms, persistent headaches, severe fatigue or exhaustion, and tobacco use.
Trends and Determinants of Family Planning Utilization Among Men in Indonesia Idris, Haerawati; Syafriyanti, Willyana
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Population growth rate in the world is still increasing. To control population growth, governments issue family planning programs for married women and men. However, contraception use is still dominated by women. This study aims to analyze the trends and determinants of family planning utilization among men in Indonesia. Methods: This study is quantitative in nature with a cross-sectional design, using secondary data from the Indonesian Health Demographic Survey (2007–2017). The sample comprised married men with a total of 27,859 respondents. For the final analysis, we conducted logistic regression statistical tests to determine family planning utilization among men. Results: Family planning utilization trends among married men in Indonesia increased. The proportion utilization of family planning among men was 3.7% (2007), 4.2% (2012), and 5.6% (2017). Higher and secondary education, media exposure, age, type of residence, and economic status significantly correlated with family planning utilization among married men. Higher education was the most dominant factor associated with family planning utilization among males in Indonesia (p < 0.001; Prevalence Ratio (PR) 4.636 Confidence Interval 95% (3.645–5.897). Conclusions: Male education is the most crucial factor of family planning utilization. Increasing knowledge regarding family planning is expected to increase information and awareness about family planning utilization.
Association Between Cigarette Smoking and Breast Milk Levels of Nesfatin-1, Irisin, and Oxidative Stress Markers Yildiz, Nesibe; Yilmaz, Adnan; Iskender, Hatice; Dokumacioglu, Eda
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Breast milk is a very important functional food in the prevention of metabolic and chronic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of smoking during pregnancy on the concentrations of nesfatin-1, irisin, and oxidative stress markers in breast milk. Methods: This study included two groups of 14 smoking and 14 nonsmoking mothers. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured according to the spectrophotometric method in breast milk samples. Nesfatin and irisin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Levels of nesfatin-1 and MDA of the smoking group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.001). The SOD activity of the smoking group was significantly lower than that of the control group (p < 0.001). No significant difference was found in the breast milk irisin level between the study groups (p > 0.050). Conclusions: Cigarette smoking increases MDA level and decreases SOD activity in breast milk. Nesfatin-1 levels would increase in accordance with increased oxidative stress, and nesfatin-1 acts as a protective mechanism to limit oxidative damage.
Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Review Yavuz, Yasemin; Doğan, Mehmet Sinan; Goncharuk-Khomyn, Myroslav
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Ectodermal dysplasia is a complex group of genetic disorders identified through the abnormal development of ectodermal structures. It is a genetic disorder that affects the development or functions of tissues such as the teeth, hair, nails, and sweat glands. Methods: This review aimed to introduce the outcomes and increase awareness of ectodermal dysplasia reviewing by the literature. Results: The characteristic features of this disease, including hypodontia, hypohidrosis, and hypotrichosis, have been discussed. Conclusions: Ectodermal dysplasia is a heterogeneous group of hereditary disorders with similar clinical findings. It leads to the development of tissue malformations and affects the quality of life of the patient. This review demonstrates that dentists can provide viable and safe alternative conventional treatment modalities for oral rehabilitation in patients with ectodermal dysplasia.
Does Quran Memorization Influence Adolescents’ Intelligence Quotient and Memory Level?: A Cross-Sectional Study in Malaysia Ishak, Ismarulyusda; Shaidin, Amira Aqilah; Harun, Dzalani; Abdul Warif, Nor Malia; Mariappan, Vanitha; Mat Ludin, Arimi Fitri; Ghazali, Ahmad Rohi; Ibrahim, Farah Wahida; Che Din, Normah
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: The process of memorizing various reading materials enhances the brain capacity to process, store, and assemble memories and increases the intelligence quotient (IQ) level. However, the connection between the memorization of Quran and the enhancement of memory level is not fully understood. Hence, a cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the correlation between Quran memorization and the IQ level among Muslim adolescents from selected Islamic schools in Selangor, Malaysia. Methods: The Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence was used to measure the student’s IQ level, whereas Digit Span and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test were used to evaluate the memory level. Questionnaires were distributed for demographic data collection and the Quran memorization level. Results: The full-scale results for all the four sub-tests revealed that the studied tahfiz students had a low average level of IQ, with a mean of 88.06 ± 15.80. For the short-term verbal memory, the majority (n = 36, 56.3%) were in the normal category, whereby for long-term verbal memory, the majority (n = 20, 31.3%) were below normal. The results showed that the IQ level was non-significant (p = 0.059) but moderately correlated (r = 0.391) with the level of Quran memorization. The coefficient of determination or effect size calculation showed that Quran memorization shared 15.29% of the variability in the IQ level. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that only the working memory is significant to predict the IQ. Provided that other influencing factors are constant, an increase of one unit in the working memory was predicted to increase 5.55 units of IQ. Conclusions: In conclusion, the level of Quran memorization was not significantly correlated with the IQ and memory status of Muslim adolescents from the selected Islamic schools in Selangor, Malaysia.

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