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Prof. Diah Ayu Maharani, DDS, PhD
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Makara Journal of Health Research
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23563664     EISSN : 23563656     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/msk
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Health Research (MJHR) is a peer-reviewed and scientific journal published by Universitas Indonesia. Starting from 2019 onwards, MJHR is redirecting its scope, focusing on publishing research articles relevant to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) addressing issues of surveillance, disease management and health policy in the Asia Pacific and Mediterranean countries. Relevant academic articles regarding NCDs analyzed from an integrated perspective including individual and population level, experimental and clinical approaches, epidemiology, public health, disease prevention and health promotion, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and palliative care are welcome.
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Articles 270 Documents
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Health Literacy, Health Perception, and Influencing Factors Among Immigrants Birimoglu Okuyan, Canan; Deveci, Ebru; Karasu, Fatma
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: Individuals living in rural areas face several healthcare disadvantages, including limited access to medical facilities and specialists during emergencies. This study examines healthy lifestyle behaviors, health perceptions, and influencing factors among immigrants in a rural region of southern Türkiye. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved immigrants registered at a family health center. Data were collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Perception of Health Scale, and the Health Literacy Scale. Results: Statistically significant differences in THLS-32 scores were found based on participants’ occupation, marital status, and education level (p < 0.05). A moderately positive correlation was observed between health literacy and health perception scores (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Research on the relationship between health literacy and health perception among immigrants may offer valuable insights for fostering healthier communities, contribute to the existing literature, and inform rural nursing interventions aimed at addressing negative health perceptions.
The Effect of Nursing Students' Level of Readiness for Professional Practice on Self-Efficacy and Clinical Stress Perception: A Cross-sectional Study Öner, Uğur; Yılmaz, Dilek; Aslan, Sinan; Çınar, Ercan
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: It is essential to evaluate students’ readiness before graduation and support them with education accordingly. This study investigates the effect of the level of readiness for professional practice as a purpose on the self-efficacy and clinical stress perceptions of nursing students. Methods: The data for this cross-sectional study were collected between May and July 2024. The study included 733 3rd and 4th-year students studying nursing departments at state universities in Turkey. The Student Identification Form, Casey-Fink Readiness for Practice Scale (CFRPS), Student Self-Efficacy Scale (SSS), and Nursing Students Perceptions of Clinical Stressors Scale (NSPCSS) were used. Results: The mean total CFRPS score of the students participating in the study was 43.85 ± 8.58, the mean SSS total score was 29.93 ± 5.84, and the mean NSPCSS total score was 95.36 ± 19.99. A statistically significant difference was found between the students' age, gender, class level, and willingness to choose the nursing department and the CFRPS, SSS, and NSPCSS scale scores (p < 0.05). The results indicated a negative correlation between the NSPCSS and both the CFRPS (r = −0.99, p = 0.01) and the SSS (r = −0.11, p = 0.01). Additionally, a strong positive correlation was observed between the CFRPS and SSS (r = 0.77, p = 0.01). Readiness explains 2.1% of the variance in self-efficacy and perception of clinical stress (R2 = 0.021, p = 0.001). Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was determined that nursing students’ readiness for professional practice, self-efficacy, and clinical stress perceptions were affected by various factors such as age, gender, grade level, and desire to choose the nursing department. In addition, it was concluded that there was a negative correlation between students' clinical stress perceptions and their readiness for professional practice and self-efficacy levels, and that as students' readiness and self-efficacy increased, their clinical stress perceptions tended to decrease.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Motivation Regarding Exclusive Breastfeeding Between Medical and Nonmedical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study Lubis, Melviana; Rozi, Meisyah Putri
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Exclusive breastfeeding provides substantial health benefits; however, disparities in knowledge and support persist. This study aimed to compare knowledge levels, attitudes, and motivation levels regarding exclusive breastfeeding between female medical and nonmedical students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara and involved 314 students from the 2023 cohort. A validated questionnaire was used to assess knowledge levels (16 items), attitude (IIFAS, 16 items), and motivation (15 items). Data were analyzed using the chi-square test, odds ratio (OR), and Spearman’s correlation. Results: Medical students demonstrated significantly higher levels of knowledge (OR = 3.50; 95% CI: 1.93–6.33; p < 0.001), attitude (OR = 2.19; 95% CI: 1.34–3.58; p = 0.001), and motivation (OR = 2.81; 95% CI: 1.62–4.85; p < 0.001) toward exclusive breastfeeding than nonmedical students. However, misconceptions remain regarding the equivalence of formula to breast milk and the acceptability of breastfeeding in public. A moderate positive correlation was observed between knowledge and motivation levels (ρ = 0.375, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Although structured health education enhances students’ breastfeeding perspectives, it does not completely address sociocultural and practical barriers. Broader, interdisciplinary education and supportive environments may better prepare students as future mothers and breastfeeding advocates.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Adults for Periodic Health Assessment in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia Alhafedh, Fatimah Yousef; Almusaileem, Rawan Ahmed; Aljaafar, Zahraa Hassan; Alaayesh, Rayhanah Saleh; Estrella, Edric
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 1
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Abstract

Background: Regular medical consultation, such as annually or semi-annually for check-ups, especially to diagnose chronic conditions, is essential for health maintenance, particularly in adults. The aim of this study is to analyze the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of adults aged 30 years or older for obtaining periodic professional health assessment in the city of Al Ahsa in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a total sample of 472 adults. Multistage sampling was employed, and data were collected using a Google Forms survey and analyzed using JASP and OpenEpi. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Of the participants, 46.2% reported engaging in regular medical consultation. While knowledge and positive attitudes were generally high, logistic regression showed that attitude was significantly associated with consultation behavior. Conclusion: A gap exists between knowledge/attitudes, and practice regarding regular medical consultation in Al Ahsa. Interventions targeting attitudes may be effective in promoting regular medical consultation.
Academic Burnout and Its Association with Sleep Quality, Physical Activity, and Social Media Addiction Among University Students in Perak, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study Joanne Lim, Kai Eng; Cheah, Khang Jin; Abdul Latif, Farzana Athirah; Mohd Shahrin, Fatin Izzaty
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
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Background: Academic burnout among Malaysian undergraduates is a rising concern, driven by academic pressure and compounded by lifestyle and behavioural factors. This study aimed to examine the associations between academic burnout, sleep quality, physical activity, and social media addiction. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 382 undergraduate students was conducted using an online survey to collect the data. The chi-square test was used to assess bivariate associations, and multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify independent predictors of academic burnout. Results: The majority of respondents were aged 21 to 23 years (59.7%) and female (60.7%). Overall, 56.0% of respondents experienced academic burnout, with poor sleep quality highly prevalent (90.1%), 52.4% classified as minimally active, and 92.9% not meeting the criteria for social media addiction. Sleep quality was significantly associated with academic burnout in both the bivariate chi-square analysis (p = 0.030) and logistic regression analysis (p = 0.039). No significant associations were found between physical activity or social media addiction with academic burnout. Conclusions: Poor sleep quality and a minimally active level of physical activity were prevalent among university students, with sleep quality showed a significant association with academic burnout. Further research is needed to elucidate additional contributing factors and support the development of effective health promotion strategies in university settings.
The Association Between Irregular Sleep Patterns and Learning Outcomes: Implications for Students’ Health in Iraq Ali, Hazhmat; Musa, Dildar Haji; Mohammed, Ary Habeeb; Abdulraheem, Hiwa; Salahadeen, Sherzad; Mustafa, Alind
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: Students often exhibit irregular sleep patterns due to rigorous academic workloads, which exert a considerable negative impact on their mental health. The present study aims to investigate the influence of irregular sleep on academic performance. Methods: This study recruited a cohort of 409 medical students of both genders. Upon their consent, participants filled out a closed-ended questionnaire on various sleep parameters, including sleep habits, duration, and environment. Results: Students with irregular sleep patterns reported higher rates of sleep deprivation, late sleep onset, and troubled sleep. Moreover, they spent a longer duration using smart devices before bedtime and experienced higher levels of stress. Irregular sleep demonstrated a positive correlation with sleep deprivation, sleep duration, troubled sleep, and the duration of smart device use (p = 0.000), energy drink consumption (p = 0.040), and junk-food intake (p = 0.000). Students exhibited poor academic performance, frequently experienced fatigue, and were unfocused. Irregular sleep was positively correlated with overall academic performance (p = 0.002), fatigue, and focus in class (p = 0.000). Conclusion: The findings indicate a significant impact of irregular sleep on learning outcomes and mental health among medical students. Thus, effective strategies are critically required to enhance sleep within this population.
Nursing Students’ Sociodemographic Characteristics and Consumer Preferences’ Prediction Level of Perceived Food Literacy Duru, Sinan
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: Food literacy, which is a critical competency for nursing students, plays a pivotal role in promoting evidence-based nutrition behaviors and contributes effectively to public health. This study aimed to determine the level of perceived food literacy among nursing students. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 488 nursing students from two universities in the south of Turkey. The research data were collected face to face via the Personal Information Form, the Consumer Preferences Form, and Self Perceived Food Literacy. The data was analyzed using the Independent Sample t Test, One Way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression. Results: The perceived food literacy of nursing students differed significantly by gender (p = 0.002), lifestyle (p = 0.001), smoking (p = 0.000), and paying attention to the expiration date (p = 0.000). The prediction level of perceived food literacy of nursing students' sociodemographic characteristics and consumer preferences was 31% (p = 0.000). There was a one standard deviation increase in the smoking and paying attention to the expiration date, a change of 0.143 and -0.240 standard deviations occurs in the SPFL total score average, respectively (p = 0.003; p = 0.000). Conclusions: This study may contribute to the development of evidence-based strategies in nursing education to improve food literacy of nursing students in clinical and community settings.
The Effect of Cultural Literacy, Ethnocentrism and Xenophobia on Intercultural Sensitivity in Intern Nurses in Türkiye Gümüş Şekerci, Yasemin; Yıldırım, Beyza Gül
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: With rising migration and multicultural patient populations, understanding the factors that shape intercultural sensitivity among healthcare workers has become essential. This study aims to determine the effect of cultural literacy, ethnocentrism, and xenophobia on intercultural sensitivity in nurse interns. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 206 intern nurses from three universities in a province of Türkiye. A simple random sampling method is used. Data are collected by using the Introductory Information Form, Intercultural Sensitivity Scale, Cultural Literacy Scale, Ethnocentrism Scale, and Xenophobia Scale. Multiple regression is used for data analysis. Results: Cultural literacy (β = 0.327, p < 0.001) was found to be a positive predictor of intercultural sensitivity, while ethnocentrism (β = −0.194, p < 0.001) and xenophobia (β = −0.210, p < 0.001) were found to be negative predictors of intercultural sensitivity. Cultural literacy, ethnocentrism, and xenophobia explained 44.3% of the variation in intercultural sensitivity (Adjusted R2 = 0.443). Conclusion: The study found that cultural literacy plays a positive role in increasing intercultural sensitivity, while ethnocentrism and xenophobia negatively affect this sensitivity.
The Association Between Pain Catastrophizing, Somatization, Psychological Distress and Low Back Pain Severity Among Academics in Malaysia Mohamad Saufi, Noordiyana Izyanti; Zamri, Eva Nabiha
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Psychological factors may influence the severity of low back pain (LBP), especially in high-stress professions such as academia. This study aimed to identify the relationship between psychological factors and LBP severity among Malaysian public university academics. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the relationship between psychological factors and LBP among academics at four public universities located in the northern region of West Malaysia. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on sociodemographic characteristics, work information, lifestyle factors, LBP presence and intensity, and psychological factors. Data were analyzed using ordinal logistic regression and reported in terms of odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Almost half (45%) of the participants exhibited mild to moderate LBP. In the multivariable analysis, mild depression (OR: 2.75; 95% CI: 1.43–5.32), high somatization (OR: 2.90 95% CI: 1.42–5.93), and high pain catastrophizing (OR: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.03–4.01) were significantly associated with greater LBP severity. Conclusions: Our findings emphasized the connection between psychological factors and pain among academics. To address these issues, workplace interventions focusing on pain management, psychological health, and LBP should be implemented, highlighting the necessity for a collaborative effort.
Potential Biological Hazards in Health Clinics: Key Strategies for Enhancing Worker Safety in Malaysia Ahmad, Subki; Awang, Normah; Abdull Hamid, Ermie; Ithnin, Anuar; Kamaludin, Nurul Farahana; Muhd Nor, Noraizah
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 2
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Abstract

Background: Biological hazards in health clinics may lead to acute or chronic health issues for healthcare workers. This study aims to identify potential biological hazards within health clinics, with a focus on the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of healthcare workers, in order to improve their safety. Methods: Samples from environmental surfaces were collected and cultured to identify bacterial pathogens. A cross-sectional study involving 203 healthcare workers was conducted using a questionnaire derived from CDC-adapted guidelines. Descriptive analysis and multivariate regression were used to assess KAP. Results: Bacterial growth was observed in all clinics. The Kruskal-Wallis Test indicated significant differences in Aerobic Colony Count across sampling sites, but not between clinics. Healthcare workers demonstrated good knowledge and attitudes but exhibited poor practices, mainly influenced by management responsibilities rather than individual actions. Pearson correlations revealed a very weak correlation between knowledge and practices, as well as between attitude and practices. Regression analysis indicated that higher practice scores were predicted by the workers' occupations. Conclusions: Biological hazards were found in all clinics, and poor practices had a greater significant impact on safety than a lack of knowledge or negative attitudes. Mandatory training, real-time audits, strict rules, and enhanced monitoring are essential strategies for improving worker safety.

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