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Prof. Diah Ayu Maharani, DDS, PhD
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Makara Journal of Health Research
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23563664     EISSN : 23563656     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/msk
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Health Research (MJHR) is a peer-reviewed and scientific journal published by Universitas Indonesia. Starting from 2019 onwards, MJHR is redirecting its scope, focusing on publishing research articles relevant to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) addressing issues of surveillance, disease management and health policy in the Asia Pacific and Mediterranean countries. Relevant academic articles regarding NCDs analyzed from an integrated perspective including individual and population level, experimental and clinical approaches, epidemiology, public health, disease prevention and health promotion, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and palliative care are welcome.
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Articles 270 Documents
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Investigation of the Relationship Between Nursing Students’ Ethical Sensitivities and Care Behaviors Yel, Pınar; Zengin, Neriman; Üçeriz, Aysenur Çetin
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Care encompassing ethical and legal aspects is essential for nursing and involves actions that aim to improve individual well-being. In this study, we assessed the relationship between nursing students’ ethical sensitivity and care behaviors. Methods: This descriptive study included 191 students enrolled at a foundation university who consented to participate. Relevant data were gathered by using the Descriptive Information Form, Ethical Sensitivity Scale Adapted for Nursing Students, and Caring Behaviors Scale-24. Surveys were conducted face-to-face with the attending students and via Google Forms for the non-attending students. Results: The mean total score of the ethical sensitivity scale was 4.89 ± 0.60, indicating a moderate level, while the mean score for care behaviors was 5.32 ± 0.70, indicating a high level. Ethical sensitivity varied significantly by sex, and care behaviors varied according to sex and grade level (p < 0.05). A moderate positive correlation was found between ethical sensitivity and the total care behavior score (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Students had moderate ethical sensitivity and high care behaviors, with female students scoring higher in both areas compared to male students. In addition, higher ethical sensitivity levels were correlated with increased care behaviors.
The Association Between Sleep Quality, Depression, Anxiety, and Job-related Stress Among Nurses in Saudi Arabia Mostoles, Romeo Jr Patague
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: This study examined the mediating role of sleep quality in the relationship between depression, anxiety, and job-related stress among nurses in Saudi Arabia. Methods: Sociodemographic information, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, depression, anxiety, and work-related stress were evaluated in 851 nurses. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the mediation effect of sleep quality on mental health and job stress in nurses. Results: High rates of anxiety (65.9% severe, 34.1% moderate), depression (37.2% moderate to severe), and poor sleep (51.4%) were found. Sex, marital status, education, nationality, and smoking status significantly influenced mental health outcomes. For example, female, college-educated, non-Saudi, and smoker participants reported lower depression levels. Younger participants (aged 26–35) were associated with higher anxiety and lower poor sleep. Conclusions: This study revealed a significant prevalence of anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances among nurses. Females and those with lower education levels and in specific age groups were more likely to experience poorer mental health. Poor sleep quality was strongly associated with anxiety and depression. These findings indicate the urgent need for comprehensive mental health assessments and interventions to improve the well-being of nurses.
Nurses’ Empathy, Burnout, and Contentment with Life in Turkey Mersin, Sevinç; İbrahimoğlu, Özlem; Tuncer, Merve; Arslanoğlu, Ali
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: Empathy has various consequences for nurses. Therefore, its effects on nurses should be identified. Thus, this study aimed to determine the relationships between empathy, burnout, and level of contentment with life in nurses and the characteristics that affect them. Methods: This descriptive–correlational study was conducted on 653 nurses in Turkey between November and December 2021. Data were collected using an information form, the Basic Empathy Scale, Burnout Measure Short Scale, and Contentment with Life Assessment Scale. Results: A positive, weak, and significant relationship was noted between the mean Basic Empathy Scale and Burnout Measure Scale scores. A significant negative and moderately strong relationship was found between the mean Burnout Measure Scale and Contentment with Life Assessment Scale scores. Conclusions: It is crucial that the increase in the level of empathy in nurses also increases their level of burnout. Therefore, examining the empathy skills of nurses through in-depth interviews may be indicated, as well as revealing the reasons for the effect of empathy on burnout. The results of this study can be beneficial for planning interventions to reduce burnout levels in nurses.
Histodynamics of Natural Killer Cells from a Healthy Donor Exposed to Exosomes from the Blood of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Asrinda, Indria; Antarianto, Radiana Dhewayani; Jusuf, Ahmad Aulia; Ahani, Ardhi Rahman; Jasirwan, Chyntia Olivia Maurine; Ritchie, Ni Ken; Nur Aditya, Robby; Irawan, Cosphiadi
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading form of liver cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Exosomes in the HCC microenvironment can induce significant changes in natural killer (NK) cells during endocytosis. The present study aimed to distinguish exosomes in the blood of HCC patients, analyze changes in NK cell phenotype, and evaluate peroxidase and toluidine blue staining as alternative methods for observing the changes. Methods: NK cells were collected from healthy donors, and exosomes were extracted from the blood of HCC patients. The exosomes were characterized in accordance with MISEV 2018 guidelines, and NK cells were incubated with HCC-derived exosomes. NK cell phenotype changes were assessed using immunofluorescence, toluidine blue staining, and peroxidase staining. Results: The identified exosomes measured 34.7 nm, had a charge of −4.33 mV, and were positive for CD81+. Changes in NK cell receptor expression following exposure to HCC exosomes were not significant (p > 0.05). Immunofluorescence confirmed exosome endocytosis by NK cells, toluidine blue staining revealed negative metachromasia and peroxidase staining indicated morphological NK cell changes. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that peroxidase and toluidine blue staining are effective for observing exosome endocytosis in NK cells, enhancing our understanding of HCC exosome-NK cell interactions and beneficial in developing future therapeutic strategies targeting the HCC microenvironment.
A Comparative Study of Obesity-Related Traits and Serum Lipid Parameters in Cardiovascular Patients from Faisalabad, Pakistan Ghori, Muhammad Umer; Masoud, Muhammad Shareef; Shafique, Muhammad; Fiaz, Humera; Hussain, Misbah; Awan, Fazli Rabbi
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: Obesity and dyslipidemia are significant risk factors for cardiovascular disorders (CVDs), yet have not been extensively studied in Pakistani subjects. Therefore, this retrospective observational study was undertaken to investigate the association of obesity-related traits and serum lipid parameters in CVD patients from Faisalabad, Pakistan. Methods: A total of 403 CVD patients and 226 healthy controls were included. CVD patients were enrolled from the Allied Hospital and the Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology. Obesity-related traits [body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumference (WC and HC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)], serum lipid parameters, and blood pressure of all subjects were measured. Data was analyzed in SPSS v.21. Results: Results showed significantly higher WC, HC, WHR, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in CVD patients as compared to healthy controls. Likewise, there were significant gender specific differences in these parameters in both the CVD patients and healthy control groups. Additionally, Pearson analysis revealed significant correlations between lipid parameters and obesity-related traits in CVD patients. Conclusion: This study showed a significant correlation between lipid profile and obesity-related traits in CVD patients from Faisalabad, Pakistan. These findings highlight the importance of early management of dyslipidemia and obesity to prevent later sequelae of CVD.
Impact of Pandemic-Driven Parental Fear on Childhood Immunization Rates: Examining Attitudes Toward Vaccination During Crisis Periods in Türkiye Erkin, Özüm; Göl, İlknur
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of parents’ fear of coronavirus on their attitudes towards the vaccination of their children. Methods: The study was conducted with 2,350 parents who were selected by using the snowball sampling method. The questionnaire included a personal information form, the Public Attitude towards Vaccination Scale – Health Belief Model, and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Results: The scores of the study group from the sub-dimensions of the Public Attitude towards Vaccination Scale Health Belief Model were as follows: 17.39 ± 2.92 perceived susceptibility, 16.74 ± 3.19 perceived severity, 21.10 ± 3.54 perceived benefits, 14.16 ± 5.08 perceived barriers, and 22.07 ± 2.93 perceived health motivation. The score of the group on the total Fear of COVID-19 Scale was 21.58 ± 5.92. A statistically positive correlation was found between the scores obtained from the sub-dimensions and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, except for the ‘perceived barriers’ sub-dimension. Conclusions: The study found that parents’ fear of COVID-19 positively influenced their attitudes toward childhood vaccination; however, more than three-quarters of parents reported delaying their children’s vaccinations due to concerns about COVID-19 exposure, highlighting the need for better parental education on vaccines and vaccine safety.
Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Validation of the Medication Compliance Questionnaire (MCQ) for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Indonesia Wibowo, Much Ilham Novalisa Aji; Safitri, Angelia Yuliana; Setiawan, Didik
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Medication adherence is critical for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The Medication Compliance Questionnaire (MCQ) is a widely recognized tool for assessing adherence but has not been adapted for T2DM in Indonesia. This study aimed to adapt and validate the MCQ in the Indonesian socio-cultural context. Methods: A cross-sectional study at community health centers (May–Aug 2024) involved forward/back translation, content validation using Aiken’s V, and psychometric assessment among 230 patients. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) assessed construct validity, including convergent, discriminant, and reliability. Results: Aiken's V index indicated strong content validity (average = 0.881). EFA identified two dimensions—practical adherence and patient perception—explaining 49.25% of the variance. Composite Reliability (CR) values exceeded 0.70, indicating good internal consistency. While the Average Variance Extracted (AVE) was below 0.50, CR ≥ 0.70 confirmed convergent validity. No significant cross-loadings supported discriminant validity. Conclusion: The validated Indonesian version of the MCQ consists of six items, demonstrating strong validity and reliability. The two-factor structure reflects practical adherence and patient perception, making it a valuable tool for assessing medication adherence among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients in Indonesia.
Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Expert Opinion of Revised Trauma Quality of Life Questionnaire (RT-QoL): Malay Language Version Wan Puteh, Sharifa Ezat; Ibrahim, Shamsinar; Zulkifli, Malina; Aizuddin, Azimatun Noor; Mohd Yusoff, Hanizah
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: This study examines the cross-cultural adaptation and expert validation of the Revised Trauma Quality of Life (RT-QOL) questionnaire, translating it from English to Malay. Methods: The study employed Beaton’s adaptation guidelines and Takasaki’s framework for expert opinions, involving 51 road traffic injury patients recruited from the Emergency and Trauma Department (ED) of a public hospital in Kedah, Malaysia, from March to June 2022. Participants were contacted via telephone 30 days after their hospital visit regarding their involvement in the study. Three independent experts, comprising academicians in healthcare and emergency department clinicians, reviewed and reconciled the RT-QOL Malay translation to ensure content validity and practical usability. Results: The Malay version exhibited satisfactory internal consistency, with reliability scores between 0.68 and 0.90, similar to those of the English version. The findings indicate that the questionnaire is appropriate for larger-scale studies, providing a useful instrument for assessing trauma-specific conditions in Malaysian contexts. Conclusion: This study represents the inaugural local examination of quality of life in road traffic injury patients utilizing the RT-QOL in Malay. This study establishes a basis for future research utilizing the RT-QOL Malay version to improve the comprehension and management of trauma-related quality of life concerns in the region.
Adaptation, Reliability, and Validity of the Auditory Skills Checklist (ASC) for Bengali Speaking Children with Severe to Profound Sensorineural Hearing Loss with Hearing Aids Rahman, Istiak; Hasan, Mahedi
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: The audiologic assessment guidelines of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) encouraged functional auditory skills assessment, appropriate for age. The Auditory Skills Checklist (ASC) assessment tool was developed from the necessity to assess the auditory skills of young children with Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL). The aim of this study was to adapt a Bengali version of the ASC checklist from the original English version and then to test its reliability and validity. Methods: The method of forward-backward translation and cognitive debriefing was employed to produce a culturally sensitive Bengali version of the checklist. The data was analyzed for the internal consistency of items, inter-rater agreement of items, temporal reliability, and convergent validity. Results: The adapted Bengali version of the ASC produced excellent internal consistency (Checklist total = Cronbach’s alpha 0.980 and domain specific Cronbach’s alpha of 0.958, 0.921, 0.908 and 0.932 respectively), substantial level of inter-rater agreement (κ = 0.668 to 0.845 and p < 0.01), excellent temporal reliability (ICC 0.974 and p < 0.01) and convergent validity (AVE > 0.5). Conclusion: The adapted version of the ASC showed excellent reliability and validity to facilitate functional auditory skills assessment and intervention.
Assessing Healthcare Students’ Self-Efficacy in Disaster Response: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Şenol, Aydın; Adıyaman, Abdülkerim; Okuyan, Canan Birimoglu
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 29, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Assessing healthcare students’ self-efficacy in disaster response is crucial for preparing them to effectively manage real-world disaster situations. This study aimed to assess the self-efficacy status of healthcare students in disaster response. Methods: The data for this cross-sectional analysis were gathered from 498 healthcare students between November 18, 2023, and February 14, 2024, using an individual diagnostic form and the disaster-response self-efficacy (DRSE) scale. This scale is used to assess an individual’s self-efficacy in responding effectively to disasters, including on-site rescue competency, disaster psychological nursing competency, disaster role quality, and adaptation competency. Results: The mean age of the students enrolled in the study was 21.7 ± 3.56 years. A statistically significant difference was observed between the total DRSE scale score and the subdimension scores of students who were male, in the fourth grade, studying in the nursing department, exposed to a disaster, and enrolled in a course or training on disaster management (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results emphasize the importance of education, training, and prior experience in enhancing DRSE among healthcare students. Tailored interventions and comprehensive instructional activities are thus essential to improve preparedness and to ensure that students can effectively handle disaster scenarios.

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