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Makara Journal of Science
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23391995     EISSN : 23560851     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/mss
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Science publishes original research or theoretical papers, notes, and minireviews on new knowledge and research or research applications on current issues in basic sciences, namely: Material Sciences (including: physics, biology, and chemistry); Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology (including: microbiology, physiology, ecology, taxonomy and evolution); and Biotechnology.
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Articles 880 Documents
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Synthesis of Tris(4-Methoxyphenyl)Phenylsilane Using Phenylsilane and 4-Iodo Anisole Catalyzed by Palladium Complex
Makara Journal of Science
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Sintesis Tris(4-Metoksifenil)Fenilsilan Menggunakan Fenilsilan dan 4-Iodida Anisol dengan Katalis Senyawa Kompleks Paladium. Sintesis tris(4-metoksifenil)fenilsilan melalui reaksi kopling antara fenilsilan dan 4-iodida anisol menggunakan senyawa paladium tersier tributilfosfin sebagai katalis telah dilakukan berdasarkan penentuan senyawa basa, pelarut, dan waktu reaksi kopling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa senyawa tris(4-metoksifenil)fenilsilan dapat disintesis menghasilkan persentase produk maksimum pada penggunaan senyawa 1,4-diazabisiko[2,2,2]oktan (DABCO) sebagai basa, tetrahidrofuran sebagai pelarut, dan waktu reaksi kopling selama 5 hari. Persentase tertinggi produk senyawa tris(4-metoksifenil)fenilsilan adalah 35%.
STUDI IN SILICO MODIFIKASI POS TRANSLASI DISAIN VAKSIN CHIMERIC BERBASIS VIRUS LIKE PARTICLES HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS DENGAN KAPSID VIRION L1 Tambunan, Usman Sumo Friend; Parikesit, Arli Aditya; Tochary, Theo A.; Sugiono, Dedy
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 11, No. 2
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Computational Study of Post Translation Modification in Chimeric Virus Like Particles Vaccine of Human Papilloma Virus with Virion Capsid L1. The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection has a tight correlation with the incidence of cervical cancer. Chimeric virus like particles (cVLP) has been developed as vaccine candidate for preventing cervical cancer. cVLPs are improvement of Virus Like Particles (VLP) by substituting the epitope of L1 HPV -18 and -52 protein to L1 HPV -16 protein. They are ANN1, ANN2, HMM1, and HMM2. The impact of post translation modification will be determined. Based on In Silico study, the dominant post translation modification is glycosylation
NOTE ON THE OCCURRENCE OF PHYTOPLANKTON AND ITS RELATION WITH MASS MORTALITY IN THE JAKARTA BAY, MAY AND NOVEMBER 2004 Thoha, H.; Adnan, Q.; Sidabutar, T.; Sugestiningsih, Sugestiningsih
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 11, No. 2
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There were noted two times (May and November 2004), fish mass mortality occurred in the coast of the Jakarta Bay, killing several species of small and big fishes, crustaceans, eels and molluscs. Phytoplankton blooms in the Jakarta Bay is accelerated by the high input of nutrients, which caused eutropication of the Bay water. Analysis of water sample showed in st 1 (Marina coast) showed that phytoplankton abundance was of 2.9 x 106 cells/l-1 , the common diatom species recorded at that time were: Skeletonema costatum, Thalassiosira mala, Bacteriastrum varians, Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus, Nitzschia sigma, Coscinodiscus radiatus. Of the which: Skeletonema costatum 1.8 x106 cells/l-1 ; in st. 3 Binaria lake was the most a common diatoms species found in the Jakarta Bay. This species frequently bloom, especially after rainfall, causing no harm to marine life, the second diatoms Thalassiosira mala 2.8 x 106 cells/l-1 (st 4 Carnaval coast), during this decade in more often frequencies. The second largest group was represented by four dinoflagellates species: Prorocentrum micans, Protoperidinium sp., Ceratium furca and Gonyaulax sp., and one species dominated of dinoflagellate Prorocentrum micans 2.3 x 106 cells/l-1 (in the Dadap coast). P. micans is also common species of the Jakarta Bay. Hydrological conditions in May and November 2004 are, temperature 32 – 33 oC, pH 7.76 to 7. 92, Salinity 32 ‰, Dissolved oxygen 3.88 to 4.26 mg/l, Phosphate 0.10 – 0.40 µg-at-P l-1 , Nitrate 0.01 to 0.03 µg-at-N l-1 . The result suggests that phytoplankton distributes in wider areas than expected and monitoring of its occurrence in Indonesian waters is necessary to prevent harmful effects of such bloom.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN URASIL DALAM MEDIA FERMENTASI TERHADAP HASIL β-GLUKAN DARI DUA GALUR AGROBACTERIUM Kusmiati, Kusmiati; Tamat, Swasono R.; Nuswantara, Sukma; Muhamad, Salmah
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 11, No. 2
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Influence of Uracil in Fermentation Media on β-Glucan Production by Agrobacterium Radiobacter A 1.5 and Agrobacterium sp. Bro 1.2.1. Optimum β-glucan production can be achieved by an optimum condition in the fermentation media. Uracil, as a precursor of UDP-glucose, may act as a glucose donor in the formation of polysaccharides such as β-glucan. It is expected that addition of certain quantity of uracil into the fermentation media in a suitable growth phase of Agrobacterium radiobacter A 1.5 and Agrobacterium sp. Bro 1.2.1, will significantly increase the β-glucan production. In this investigation, 0.025%; 0.05% or 0.1% of uracil were added into the fermentation media during the logarithmic phase (24 hour) or stationary phase (46 hour) of growth. The β-glucan product was evaluated from the β-glucan (crude) dry-weight and from the β-glucan content. Beta-glucan content was determined as glucose by the Hisamatsu-AOAC and HPLC methods. The highest β-glucan (crude) dry-weight produced by the A. 1.5 was in a medium containg 0.025% uracil (24 hour), whilst by the A. Bro 1.2.1 was in a medium containg 0.1% uracil (46 hour), both higher than control. The highest β-glucan content produced by the A. 1.5 (27.03%) was in a medium containg 0.025% uracil (46 hour), while control produced only 23.28%. The highest β-glucan content produced by the Bro 1.2.1 (29.34%) was in a medium containg 0.025% uracil (24 hour), while control produced only 28.75%. Two-way anova analysis showed that there were no significant influence difference (α = 0,05) from various concentration of uracil in either growth phases, to the yield of β-glucan (crude) dry-weight nor to the β-glucan equivalent glucose content.
SUSCEPTIBILITY MAGNETIC AND HIGH MAGNETIC FIELD ESR MEASUREMENT OF SrCu2 (PO4 )2 Aripin, Aripin; Mitsudo, Mitsudo; Idehara, T.; Mekata, M
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 11, No. 2
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The magnetic susceptibility and high magnetic ESR measurement of SrCu2 (PO4 )2 has been performed at temperatures ranging from 4.2 K to 300 K and 4.2 K to 77 K, respectively. The magnetic susceptibility shows a broad maximum around T = 40 K. The magnetic susceptibility has been interpreted in terms of one-dimensional magnetic systems. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility indicated a good agreement with 4-spin alternating configuration model. In the ESR measurement, clear electron spin resonance (ESR) was observed. The integrated intensity for 120 and 301 GHz has a broad maximum at around 40 K, which is consistent with the susceptibility result. A quantitative description gives resonance is the first and second triplet excited states of the excitation spectrum of 4-spin alternating chain configuration. The g1 , g2 and g3 values are approximately 2.21 at temperature above 40 K. The g2 dan g3 values have the dependence of temperature under 40 K.
PENGARUH JENIS DAN TEMPERATUR KOAGULAN TERHADAP MORFOLOGI DAN KARAKTERISTIK MEMBRAN SELULOSA ASETAT Radiman, C. L.; Eka, I.
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 11, No. 2
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Effects of type and temperature of coagulant on the morphology and characteristics of cellulose acetate membranes. Cellulose acetate membranes have been made in this work by phase inversion method using 10 wt. % of cellulose acetate, 10 wt. % of formamide and 80 wt. % of acetone. The dope was coagulated in water or 2-propanol at varied temperature ranging between 5 and 25 oC. The characteristics of the obtained membranes were measured by their water flux and rejection towards dextrans with varied molecular mass, while membrane morphology was observed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results showed that membranes coagulated in 2-propanol was denser than the ones coagulated in water resulting in higher rejection of dextrans and lower water permeability. Coagulation in lower temperatures decreased the diffusion rate between solvent and non-solvent and the membrane structure was less porous.
X-RAY DIFFRACTION PHASE ANALYSES FOR GRANULATED AND SINTERED CERAMIC MATERIALS Pratapa, Suminar
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 11, No. 2
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One basic problematic aspect in x-ray diffraction phase analysis is microabsorption effect which may arise from the size of the crystallite phases. Complication of the problem may intensify in sintered ceramic materials where milling of the samples is not simple. We report the Rietveld x-ray diffraction phase analysis of MgO-a-Al2O3 powder mixtures with phase content ratio of 1:1 by weight and MgO-Y2O3 sintered ceramic composites with Y2O3 contents of 10%, 20% and 30% by weight. The mixtures were pre-sintered at 1000°C for 2 hours and then milled while the composites were sintered at 1550°C for 3 hours. The phase composition analysis was done using Rietica, a non-commercial Rietveld method-based software. Relative and absolute phase compositions were examined and results showed that there was a significant amount of phase composition bias resulted from the examination. For the powder mixture, milling can reduce microabsorption effect and hence the calculation bias. For the ceramic composite where milling is almost impossible, additional of Y2O3 caused smaller crystallite size of MgO, so that composition bias is smaller in composites with higher Y2O3 content. A mathematical model is proposed to provide more acceptable phase composition results.
EFEK ESTROGENIK EKSTRAK ETANOL 70% KUNYIT (Curcuma domestica VAL.) TERHADAP MENCIT (Mus musculus L.) BETINA YANG DIOVARIEKTOMI Kusmana, Dadang; Lestari, R; Dewi, A. N.; Ratri, P. R.
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 11, No. 2
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Estrogenic Effect of 70% Ethanol Turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.) extract on ovariectomized Female Mice (Mus musculus L.). The influence of extract turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.) on endometrium thickness, vaginal epithelium, mammary gland, and protein of estrogen receptor of ovariectomized mice was examined. Twenty five ovariectomized mice which were divided into five groups, were treated by ethynilestradiol (8,4 x 10-3 g), aquades (10 ml), and turmeric extract at doses 230 mg/kg b.w.; 310 mg/kg b.w.; and 390 mg/kg b.w. for eight days. At the end of experiments the mice were killed, then the uterus, vagina, and mammae were removed and the wet weight of uterus was recorded. Uterus, vagina, and mammae were examined histologically. Estrogen receptor protein from uterus were analized by using SDS-PAGE. One way anava test showed that turmeric extract at doses 310 mg/kg b.w. and 390 mg/kg b.w give estrogenic effect on vaginal ephitelium, endometrium thickness, and diametre of mammary glands. SDS-PAGE analysis showed there were differences in protein concentration between control and treatment groups which were seen in the thickness of the bands. Estrogen receptor band could be detected in sampel of treatment groups at molecular weight 45 kDa
HYDROCARBON DEGRADING BACTERIA: ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION Indah, Lies Indah
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 11, No. 2
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There is little information how to identify hydrocarbon degrading bacteria for bioremediation of marine oil spills. We have used gravel which contaminated oil mousse from Beach Simulator Tank, in Marine Biotechnology Institute, Kamaishi, Japan, and grown on enrichment culture. Biostimulation with nutrients (N and P) was done to analyze biodegradation of hydrocarbon compounds: Naphthalene, Phenanthrene, Trichlorodibenzofuran and Benzo[a]pyrene. Community of bacteria from enrichment culture was determined by DGGE. Isolating and screening the bacteria on inorganic medium contain hydrocarbon compounds and determination of bacteria by DAPI (number of cells) and CFU. DNA was extracted from colonies of bacteria and sequence determination of the 16S rDNA was amplified by primers U515f and U1492r. Twenty nine strains had been sequence and have similarity about 90-99% to their closest taxa by homology Blast search and few of them have suspected as new species
SELEKSI DAN PENGUJIAN AKTIVITAS ENZIM L-HISTIDINE DECARBOXYLASE DARI BAKTERI PEMBENTUK HISTAMIN Mangunwardoyo, Wibowo; Sophia, Romauli Aya; Heruwati, Endang Sri
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 11, No. 2
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Selection and test of L-histidine decarboxylase enzyme activity of six isolates of histamine forming bacteria. Six isolates of histamine forming bacteria were screened to see the degree of ability in producing histamine on modified Niven’s medium. The result showed that the six bacteria were able to produce histamine by giving a pinkish color on the medium, which could be used as a preliminary identification of histamine-forming bacteria (HFB). The isolates were grown in liquid modified Niven medium to measure the production of histamine. The histamine produced were determined by Hardy and Smith method. The result showed that all of the isolates produced high level of histamine (92.35 – 305.49 mg/100 ml of the medium). From all of them, Enterobacter spp. produced the highest level of histamine (305.49 mg/100 ml). A synthetic medium was used to measure the growth pattern and optimum time required by Enterobacter spp and Morganella morganii (as control bacteria) to produce the L-histidine decarboxylase enzyme (HDC) which is responsible for histamine production. The result showed that for both bacteria, the optimum enzim production was 8 hours after incubation.

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