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INDONESIA
MEDICINUS
Published by PT Dexa Medica
ISSN : 1979391X     EISSN : 29638399     DOI : 10.56951
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health
Tujuan penerbitan jurnal Medicinus adalah untuk meningkatkan wawasan dan menambah khasanah pengetahuan para praktisi medis dan farmasis di bidang kedokteran dan kefarmasian. Ruang lingkup dari jurnal ilmiah ini adalah publikasi artikel-artikel ilmiah yang bisa disajikan dalam bentuk penelitian (research), laporan kasus (case report), teknologi dan klinis kefarmasian, serta ulasan literatur medis.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 179 Documents
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Peran Krusial Farmakovigilans dalam Meningkatkan Keamanan Pasien (Patient Safety) Ana Widyaningsih
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 9 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/zrh11y34

Abstract

Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse drug effects or other drug-related problems. The importance of drug safety monitoring stemmed from the thalidomide tragedy, which led to the formation of international programs to strengthen the regulatory framework on drug safety. Drug safety evaluation is conducted through a series of testing stages before a drug is marketed. However, pharmacovigilance activities performed post-marketing are crucial for detecting rare side effects that could not be identified during the pre-marketing testing phases. Multisectoral collaboration among various relevant parties and stakeholders is vital for the success of pharmacovigilance, with the ultimate goal of ensuring the safe use of medicines and patient safety.
Farmakogenomik dalam Pengobatan Presisi: Tinjauan dengan Studi Kasus Clopidogrel dan Tren Masa Depan Raymond R. Tjandrawinata
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 9 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/fqx9vg55

Abstract

Pharmacogenomics has emerged as a cornerstone in the development of precision medicine, aiming to tailor drug therapy based on an individual’s genetic profile. By identifying genetic variations that influence drug metabolism, efficacy,and safety, pharmacogenomics paves the way for improved therapeutic outcomes reduced adverse drug reactions. One of the most significant examples in clinical practice is clopidogrel, an antiplatelet agent whose biopharmacologicalactivation depends on the CYP2C19 enzyme. Genetic variations in CYP2C19 significantly affect the clinical effectiveness of clopidogrel and the risk of major cardiovascular events. This article outlines recent developments in the implementationof pharmacogenomics, focusing on the clopidogrel case study, while also exploring other key gene–drug interactions such as codeine/CYP2D6, warfarin/VKORC1, and statin/SLCO1B1. The review also maps future trends in pharmacogenomics,including multiomic integration, preemptive genotyping, AI-based predictive modeling, and the potential for gene-editing interventions such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR). Despite significant progress,implementation challenges remain, ranging from cost and healthcare infrastructure to ethical and regulatory dilemmas. This review aims to provide both a conceptual and practical foundation for the development of truly personalized pharmacotherapy in the future.
Dasar Neurobiologis Akuisisi Bahasa Dini: Mengapa Anak masih Mengungguli Kecerdasan Buatan Raymond R. Tjandrawinata
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 9 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/qk5jw768

Abstract

Despite remarkable advances in artificial intelligence that have produced large language models (LLMs) capable of mimicking human linguistic behavior with high levels of sophistication, these systems still fall significantly short of the abilities of children in acquiring language rapidly, flexibly, and contextually. This article presents a systematic review from the perspective of cognitive and developmental neuroscience to address the question of why children remain superior in language learning compared to artificial intelligence systems. By examining mechanisms such as neuroplasticity, the involvement of social affective circuits, reward prediction systems, and multimodal sensorimotor functions in child language development, the article argues that human language acquisition is a phenomenon deeply embedded in the body, social relationships, and biological drives-dimensions that artificial systems inherently lack. The implications of this review extend to clinical interventions, education, and the development of AI systems that more closely approximate human neurocognitive architecture.
The Benefit of DLBS1033 for Deep Vein Thrombosis in A Hemorrhagic Stroke Patient: A Case Report Rizaldy Taslim Pinzon; Ivana Prasetianingtyas
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 10 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/yvsv1k10

Abstract

Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a significant complication in patients with hemorrhagic stroke, primarily due to prolonged immobility. Although anticoagulants are routinely used for DVT prophylaxis in stroke patients, its application in hemorrhagic stroke remains controversial due to the increased risk of intracranial bleeding. This resulting in a challengingbalance between preventing DVT and avoiding further hemorrhage. DLBS1033, a bioactive protein fraction from the earthworm Lumbricus rubellus, demonstrated antithrombotic, thrombolytic, and antiplatelet aggregation activities, offeringa potential alternative therapeutic approach in such cases.Case report: A 68-year-old male with history of chronic hypertension and well-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus presented to the emergency department with drowsiness and left-sided hemiparesis, subsequently diagnosed as intracerebral hemorrhage. On the sixth day of hospitalization, the patient developed DVT. DLBS1033 was administered as part of themanagement strategy.Conclusions: This case report demonstrates the effective and safe use of DLBS1033 in managing DVT for patient with hemorrhagic stroke. DLBS1033 is considered a potential promising agent for treating thrombus-related diseases.
Sebuah Kasus Pankreatitis Kronis pada Seorang Pria dengan Karsinoma Kaput Pankreas Gerry Setiawan; Gde Somayana
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 10 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/t993my22

Abstract

Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive inflammatory disease of the pancreas which leads to loss of exocrine and endocrine function, and is considered difficult to diagnose in the early stage. It is crucial for physicians to have a deep understanding indiagnosed and treated the disease as this could affect the patient’s quality of life and help to prevent further complications.Case report: A 51-year-old male patient, presented to the emergency unit with epigastric pain. Patients also reported yellowing of the eyes and body, followed by dark-colored urine and pale stools. The patient also experienced unintentionalweight loss. Physical examination indicated icteric conjunctiva. Laboratory test result demonstrated the patient had abnormal liver function test and elevated of tumor marker CA 19-9. After underwent magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), and based on other collected clinical data, it was concluded that the patient had a pancreatic head carcinoma with cholestatic jaundice manifestation. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed to release the cholestatic obstruction, subsequently his condition was gradually improved. On follow-up evaluation, the patient underwent endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) examination, and revealed to have chronic pancreatitis also with multiple stones in the pancreas. This case report will discuss the diagnostic approach and possible treatment for the patient with such condition.
Menimbang Strategi Penatalaksanaan Deep Vein Thrombosis pada Pasien Strok Hemoragik Raymond R. Tjandrawinata
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 10 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/nca87c96

Abstract

Hemorrhagic stroke is an acute condition with high morbidity and mortality rates, and is frequently accompanied by complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The main dilemma in managing DVT in this condition is a therapeutic paradox, where anticoagulants use is effective in preventing pulmonary embolism, but carries the risk of worsening intracranial bleeding. International guidelines recommend mechanical prophylaxis, such as intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC), and cautious use of low-dose anticoagulants in stable hematomas, although clinical evidence remains limited. Biological alternatives, such as DLBS1033, derived from Lumbricus rubellus, have shown potential safety and efficacy in case reports from Indonesia. Ethical perspectives, health policy, as well as pharmacological innovations andartificial intelligence, are essential to develop adaptive, equitable, and evidence-based strategies in the management of DVT following hemorrhagic stroke.
Steroid Therapy on Cholestasis: A Case Report Rendi Aji Prihaningtyas; Bagus Setyoboedi; Sjamsul Arief; Prihaningtyas, Rendi Aji
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 11 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/mp7wkf03

Abstract

Introduction: Cholestasis is a pathological condition associated with immune-mediated processes that interfere with bile flow, thus requiring early diagnosis and prompt treatment to ensure optimal outcomes. The use of steroid therapy in the treatment of cholestasis has not been previously reported. Case: A 2-month and 9-day-old male infant presented with jaundice beginning at one week of age, followed by pale stools and tea-colored urine. Physical examination revealed jaundice, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly. Laboratory investigations showed elevated liver enzymes: aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 292 U/l, alanine transaminase (ALT) 187 U/l, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) 312.7 U/l, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 882 U/l), along with elevated bilirubin level (total bilirubin 7.9 mg/dl and direct bilirubin 6 mg/dl). Cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG was reactive. A two-phase abdominal ultrasound examination revealed a preprandial gallbladder size of 0.65 x 0.33 x 1.91 cm, a postprandial size of 0.37 x 0.29 x 0.73 cm. Liver biopsy revealed chronic hepatitis and mild fibrosis (F1). The patient was treated with methylprednisolone, which was gradually tapered off. Following steroid therapy, liver enzyme and bilirubin levels normalized, gallbladder size increased, and stool color darkened. Posttreatment gallbladder size showed an increase (preprandial 3.05 x 0.96 x 0.72 cm, postprandial 2.45 x 0.72 x 0.82 cm). Conclusions: Steroids may improve bile flow and prevent further liver damage. Targeting immune mechanisms could represent a promising approach for future cholestasis treatments.
Diagnostic Dilemma in Massive Cellular Leiomyoma with Cystic Degeneration Arya Ady Nugroho; Riyan Hari Kurniawan; Aprilia Asthasari Siregar
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 11 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/qkhd0b31

Abstract

Background: Uterine leiomyomas, commonly known as fibroids, are prevalent benign tumors in women of reproductive age. While often asymptomatic, they can become symptomatic when they enlarge or when degenerative changes occur. Cystic degeneration, which occurs in approximately 4% of leiomyomas, presents a diagnostic challenge, as it can mimic malignancy on imaging due to its solid-cystic appearance on imaging. This case report aims to highlight the diagnostic dilemma posed by large leiomyomas with cystic degeneration and to emphasize the importance of advanced imaging as well as histopathological examination in confirming benign diagnoses and excluding malignancy. Case Presentation: A 27-year-old woman presented with progressive abdominal distension and intermittent lower abdominal pain over thepast year. Imaging revealed a large, solid-cystic mass in the uterine fundus, raising suspicion of malignancy. Further diagnostic workup, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathological examination, confirmed the massas a benign leiomyoma with cystic degeneration. The patient underwent a laparotomy myomectomy, and intraoperative findings confirmed a well-circumscribed subserosal mass with cystic degeneration. Histopathology examination alsoconfirmed a benign leiomyoma, ruling out malignancy. Conclusion: This case underscores the diagnostic challenges of differentiating large leiomyomas with cystic degeneration from malignancies. Advanced imaging, particularly MRI, along with histopathological examination, plays a crucial role in establishing an accurate diagnosis and subsequently, guiding appropriate management.
Cedera Ginjal Akut akibat Glomerulonefritis Akut Pasca-Steptococcus pada Kehamilan  I Dewa Gede Agung Suta Ariwangsa; Nyoman Paramita Ayu
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 11 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/kt004z43

Abstract

Acute post-Streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) is an inflammation of the glomeruli due to immunologic mechanism caused by group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus infection. The clinical triad of APSGN includes are gross or microscopic hematuria, edema (mostly periorbital), and arterial hypertension. This condition is generally self-limiting and is recommended to be managed symptomatically. APSGN rarely occurs in pregnancy, with estimated incidence of 1:40,000.This report discusses a rare case of stage III acute kidney injury due to APSGN in a 36-year-old pregnant woman at 9 weeks of gestation. The patient presented with fever, oliguria, hypertension, and a history of sore throat. Kidney function tests revealed elevated serum creatinine (12.49 mg/dl) and low glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (3.62 ml/minute/1.73 m2). Urinalysis showed proteinuria, microscopic hematuria, leukocytes, and granular cast. No microorganisms were found in the throat swab culture, however the anti-Streptolysin O (ASO) titer was found elevated. A chest X-ray revealed findings consistent with pneumonia. The patient received supportive treatment, including fluid resuscitation, intravenous antibiotic for pneumonia, and underwent several sessions of hemodialysis. On the seventh day of treatment, her kidney functionimproved, and she was discharged five days later. Several previous case reports on APSGN in pregnancy have also indicated a favorable prognosis for both the mother and fetus.
Karakteristik Kelainan Hematologi Pasien Systemic Lupus Erythematosus di RSUP Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah di Poli Rawat Jalan Rematologi Satwika Hadipratama; Gede Kambayana
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 11 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/zh899c89

Abstract

Systemic lupus erithematosus (SLE) is one of the leading causes of death among young women. Hematological abnormalities are common manifestations of SLE, and can affect various types of blood cell, with severity ranging from mild to life-threatening. The main hematological manifestations of SLE include anemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, lymphadenopathy, and/or splenomegaly. This study aims to explore the characteristics of hematological disorders in SLEpatients. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study using a cross-sectional data collection method. The subjects were patients diagnosed with SLE who received treatment at RSUP Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah, Denpasar, during the period of July–August 2023. Results: A total of 72 subjects participated in this study, with a mean age of 35.9 years (range: 18–72 years). The majority were female (90.3%) and were within the 18–50 year age group (87.5%). Laboratory tests showed the following mean values: hemoglobin 11.8 g/dl, platelets 299.5×10³/μl, white blood cells (WBC) 13.5×10³/μl, lymphocytes 1.7×10³/μl, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 32.6 mm/hour. The mean neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was 3.92. The mean values of renal function and metabolic parameters were as follows: blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 13.3 mg/dl,serum creatinine (SC) 1.19 mg/dl, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 100 ml/minute/1.73 m², protein-to-creatinineratio (PCR) 1.03, and calcium level 9.2 mg/dl. Bone mineral density measurements revealed that 6.9% of subjects had osteopenia and 9.7% had osteoporosis. Conclusion: This study provides a better understanding of the clinical, laboratory,and comorbidity profile of patients with SLE. These findings offer valuable insights for appropriate clinical management and intervention strategies.

Page 17 of 18 | Total Record : 179

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