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Harini Nurcahya
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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity
Published by Universitas Nasional Jakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27744116     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Immunology & microbiology
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity, ISSN : 2774-4116 (Online) is an international journal that publishes articles on all aspects of biological diversity-its description, analysis and conservation, and its controlled rational use by humankind. The scope of Biodiversity and Conservation is wide and multidisciplinary, and embraces all life-forms. published by Universitas Nasional Jakarta
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi
Articles 82 Documents
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Do Orangutans Have Digestion Problems After Eating Oil Palm Fruit? A Review Didik Prasetyo; Fitriah Basalamah
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 1 No 3 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

This review discusses the assumptions of orangutans using oil palm by reviewing the daily activities and dietary composition of feeding behavior in wild and ex-rehabilitant orangutans. The percentage pattern of daily activity shows the same trend, spending more time on feeding than other activities. Similarly, the diet composition of wild or ex-rehabilitant orangutans in Sumatera and Borneo show the choice of fruit as their main diet, as a frugivore animals. However, when the fruit season decreases, both wild and ex-rehabilitant orangutans’ choice to use bark or termites to meet their nutritional needs. There are three assumptions in this paper, First, forest fruit scarcity will drive orangutans to utilize other food resources. Second, based on ape dietary studies on oil palm fruit, chimpanzees, orangutans and gorillas preferred bark and young leaves rather than the fruit. Third, health problems arise after consuming oil palm fruit. This is an early sign that nutrients do not drive orangutan to consume oil palm fruit.
Phytochemical Screening on Some Leaves and Fruits Consumed by Javan Gibbons (Hylobates Moloch) from Cikaniki Area, Mount Halimun Salak National Park, West Java Astri Zulfa; Muhamad Arif Wibisono; Muhammad Fathir Mulki; Jim Ron; Misbah Satria Giri; Rahayu Oktaviani
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 1 No 3 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) consumes different species of food, including fruits, leaves, flowers and insects. The food eaten by Hylobates moloch contains beneficial chemical compounds. One type of chemical compound found in Hylobates moloch food plants is secondary metabolite compounds that can affect also to feeding behavior. Secondary metabolites are chemical compounds in a plant that do not play a direct role in the needs of the plant's life but play a direct role in its environment. Several groups of secondary metabolites found in Hylobates moloch food plants include alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The secondary metabolite compounds in these plants have potential as medicines. A sampling of Hylobates moloch food plant was taken from the Cikaniki area, Mount Halimun Salak National Park, West Java, based on the results of interviews with local communities and the research was continued with phytochemical tests. The results obtained 23 samples from 22 species of Hylobates moloch food which are included in 13 plant families, consisting of 18 types of leaves and 5 types of fruit. The results of qualitative phytochemical tests carried out on 23 samples of Hylobates moloch food plants obtained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The results of interviews with communities and literature studies show that Hylobates moloch food plants that are often used as medicine to cure certain diseases include: Dysoxylum parasiticum, Euodia latifolia, and Cinnamomum parthenoxylon
Agribusiness Prospect of Banana Flowers and Oyster Mushrooms as Raw Materials of Meatballs Vegetarian Farida Farida; Wayan Rawiniwati
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 1 No 3 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

Meatballs are one of the popular foods in Indonesia which are generally made from beef meatballs, chicken meat, and fish. However, some Indonesian people like meatballs but cannot consume meat for various reasons, one of which is nutrition and health. Therefore, the author tries to make meatballs made from banana blossoms and oyster mushrooms that can reach that community and are also healthy and nutritious. In this study, the authors determine the right formula between the flower of a banana with oyster mushrooms to get the best taste and quality. Then the authors analyzed the levels of crude fiber, water content, protein content, and organoleptic properties of vegetarian meatballs. After ensuring nutrition, the author also conducted a financial feasibility analysis for this vegetarian meatball. The author's research was conducted at Jalan Bambu Kuning National University Laboratory Center Building, South Jakarta, from December 2013 to June 2014. This research resulted in conclusions that the vegetarian meatball formula with a ratio of 40% banana blossom and 60% oyster mushroom is the best formula and meatball making business. This vegetarian can make a profit of IDR 10,560,000 per month.
Preliminary Study of Coral Reef Condition at the Embankment Construction Site of Pulau Harapan, Kepulauan Seribu National Park, DKI Jakarta Tatang Mitra Setia; Hermansyah Hermansyah; Prawesti Wulandari; Hilwa Syifa Fadhillah; Cipto Utomo; Domingus Da Costa; Devi Alamsyah; Alinar Alinar
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 1 No 3 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

The construction of the embankment on Pulau Harapan aims to break the waves and protect the land from coastal abrasion. The construction of this embankment will provide many benefits for the community, but the implementation of its construction activities will, directly and indirectly, have an impact on the condition of the biota in the shallow sea waters of Pulau Harapan. To find out the impact of damage, it is necessary to conduct an initial study of the condition of coral reefs at the embankment construction site on Pulau Harapan. The purpose of this study is to obtain preliminary information on coral reef ecosystems. The method used in this research is the Underwater Photo Transect/UPT method which is then analyzed using CPCe 4.1 (Coral Point Count with Excel extension) software. The results of the physical and chemical measurements of the waters concluded that the quality of the waters at the observation site was still within the tolerance limits for coral life. The results of the analysis of the percentage of live coral cover are in the bad category with a percentage value of 17.1%. The composition of corals found were 5 families and 7 genera. The most commonly found coral genus is Porites. The dominance index value is 0.43 and is included in the low category and means that there is no dominant coral genus. The structure of the benthic community in the survey site area is dominated by sand and coral fragments that have been dead for a long time. The condition of the coral reef ecosystem in the observation area is classified as unstable.
Diversity and Threat Hunting of the Birds in the Labian-Leboyan Corridor West Kalimantan Gusti Wicaksono; Mohamad Arif Rifqi; Imran S.L Tobing; Sri Suci Utami Atmoko
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 1 No 3 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

Labian-Leboyan corridor is both lowland and peat swamp forested areas pointed in a strategic location between Betung Kerihun and Danau Sentarum National Park. The area is mostly managed by communities and essential areas for birds. This study is conducted to understand the diversity of birds and the threats in both peat swamp and lowland habitat using the 12 line transects method and direct observation to hunter's place. The study results are 173 bird species identified, 131 species associated with peat swamp forest, and 104 species associated with lowland forest. 108 individuals from 29 species of birds were captured for trade and meat in both habitats. Immediate conservation action is needed to support sustainable resources management of biodiversity, especially birds in the area.
Update Study of Traded Birds at the Bird Shops in Jakarta Septiana Anggraini Pratiwi; Fachruddin Majeri Mangunjaya; Tatang Mitra Setia
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 2 No 1 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

The wild birds in nature can be threatened due to the increasing demand for birds for pets by some people. On the other hand, the bird trade can be an opportunity for gaining economic benefits. One of the highest demands of birds comes from Java, especially Jakarta. This study aims to determine the types of birds traded in bird shops in Jakarta along with their IUCN conservation status, the protection status according to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 106 of 2018, and the CITES trading status. The research was conducted in April-May 2021. Data collection methods included direct observation (recording and recording) and interviews. The data were taken by purposively listing the bird shops. The data obtained were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis. The results show from sample area in Jakarta, we approached 57 bird traders (13 stores in Central Jakarta, 12 stores in North Jakarta, 12 stores in West Jakarta, 10 stores in East Jakarta, and 10 stores in South Jakarta). The birds found are coming from 42 bird families consisting of 117 species. 100 species are the least concern status, seven species are near threatened, one species is vulnerable, five species are endangered, and four species are critically endangered. Based on KLHK Ministerial Regulation No. 106 of 2018, there are 16 protected and 101 unprotected bird species. 113 bird species are not included in the CITES category, one species belongs to the appendix I category, three species belong to the appendix II category. Although in general the IUCN status of the traded birds is LC, a large number (73%) of the wild bird species were caught from nature. The survey shows the trend of the bird trade together with the increasing market demand may lead to population decline that caused rareness of the species and perhaps extinction.
Coastal Biodiversity of Tidung Island: Mangrove Forest and Coral Reef Conservation Program Fauziah Ilmi; Nonon Saribanon; Andri Akbar; Panji B. Surata Aziz; Fauzan Cholifatullah
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 2 No 1 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

Kepulauan Seribu has different characteristics in the ecosystem from other areas of DKI Jakarta. This area is a group of islands formed by coral reefs and their associations. The different characteristics ecosystem make Kepulauan Seribu increase in tourism and fishery activities. Thus, there is a need for efforts to restore damaged habitats as a result of tourism activities. Restoration of mangroves and coral reefs needs to be carried out to maintain existing natural resources. Based on this background, the research aims to determine the composition and value diversity and evenness of mangrove and coral reefs in Tidung Island. The research was conducted in three locations (Tidung Besar, Tidung Kecil, and Cinta Island) held along in August 2020 & August 2021. The method for vegetation mangrove based by purposive sampling as the representation of the area, with a total of 12 locations spread over the islands, meanwhile in Coral based by LIT (Line Intercept Transect) with a predetermined transect length of 10 meters over the coral reefs. The results of diversity index value successively in Mangrove Forest are 3,429; 1,289, and 3,240. The value of this diversity index is classified as high and medium, increasing more than in 2020. The evenness indexes successively in Mangrove Forest are 0.890; 0.502; and 0.919. The composition of coral genera is 7 genera from 5 Famili. The coral diversity index value is 1.426, which indicates the medium category. The evenness index value of the coral area of Tidung Island is 0.733,which is a high category.
Study of Traded Birds in Pontianak City and Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan Indonesia Nita Nurjanah; Fachruddin Majeri Mangunjaya; Tatang Mitra Setia; Anang Aditiya; M Syukur Wahyu Putra
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 2 No 1 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

Birds are animals that are very closely related to human life, both to be used as food or to be distributed as a hobby. However, at this time the existence of birds in nature is increasingly experiencing a decline in diversity and is even threatened with extinction. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of birds traded in the city of Pontianak and Kubu Raya regency along with their IUCN status and trade status (CITES). This research was conducted in March-April 2021. The method used was direct observation (recording) and conducting interviews with bird shop owners. The data obtained were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis. Based on the results of research that has been done, the number of shops in Pontianak Cityis19 bird shops. Meanwhile, the number of shops in Kubu Raya Regencyis nine bird shops. The most common birds found in stores are from the Muscicapidae family, 48 species of birds traded with least concern (LC) status, five species of near threatened (NT), eight species of vulnerable (VU), and two species of critically endangered (CR). 58 bird species are not included in the CITES appendix list, one species is included in Appendix I, namely Zosterops palpebrosus, and four species are included in Appendix II, namely Leucopsar rothschildi, Garrulax canorus, Pycnonotus zeylanicus, and Melopsittacus undulates. Meanwhile, the majority of the birds (91%) found in the stores come from the wild compared to those from livestock (9%). The results also showed that wild birds were obtained by traders through hunting and buying from others.
Antibacterial Bioactivity from Extract of Reundeu Caret (Staurogyne longata) and Honje (Etlingera hemisphaerica) Noverita Noverita; Ernawati Sinaga
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 2 No 1 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

Reundeu caret (Staurogyne longata) and Honje (Etlingera hemisphaerica) are two examples of plants commonly used by rural tribal communities as medicinal ingredients, one of which is by the Baduy tribal community. These two plans are usually used by local people to treat infectious diseases (wounds) and stomach aches. Therefore, it is necessary to prove the medical potential of these plants. This study was conducted with the aim of knowing the antibacterial potential of the extracts of the Reundeu caret (Staurogyne longata) and Honje (Etlingera hemisphaerica) plant extracts against the growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus. The method used in this study is the Disc Diffusion method. The results showed that Reundeu caret and Honje plant extracts were only able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. The antibacterial activity of the plant extracts of Rendeu Caret and Honje was moderate to strong. This study concluded that Honje and Reundeu caret plant extracts were more potential to be used to treat infectious diseases (wounds).
The Concentration of Heavy Metals Pb, Cr, and Hg in Body of Water and Sediment, and their relationship with Plankton, Benthos, and Fish Diversity in the Ciliwung River Khoe Susanto Kusumahadi
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity Vol 2 No 1 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Nasional Jakarta

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Abstract

The objective of this research was to know the concentration of Pb, Cr, and Hg in the body of water and sediment, and their influence on Plankton, Benthos, and Fish diversity in The Ciliwung River. In the downstream of Ciliwung River, there were only Hg and Pb were detected in the water, while in the upstream of Ciliwung River, there were no heavy metals detected. In the rainy season, Hg and Pb were not detected in the body of water. The whole of heavy metals observed was found in the sediment of the Ciliwung River. The concentration of Pb, Cr, and Hg in sediment were significantly different at the location (P<0.05), while according to the replication only Hg was significantly different (P<0.05). The relationship between Hg concentration in River sediment with Hg concentration in water was very significant (P<0.01). The correlation test on the relationship between Hg concentration in water with Plankton and Fish diversity was not significant (P>0.05), while with Benthos Diversity, it was very significant (P<0.01). The correlation test on the relationship between heavy metals concentration in River sediment with Plankton, Benthos, and Fish Diversity showed that the relationship which found significant (P<0.05) was only between Hg concentration in sediment with Benthos Diversity, and the relationship which very significant (P<0.01) was only between Pb concentration in sediment with Benthos Diversity.

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