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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 02151936 EISSN : 26148412 DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320

Core Subject : Health,

Nursing Public Health

Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan

Articles 1,519 Documents

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Meningkatkan Sikap Positif Terhadap Perilaku Tidak Merokok dan Kecenderungan untuk Berhenti Merokok Melalui Pelatihan T. Cut Lizam, Yayi Suryo Prabandari, Amitya Kumara
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Almost everybody knows that smoke could endangered smoker’s health and people surrounding (passive smoker). The influence of peer, self appearance, curiosity, stress, boring, masculinity and rebelience are some of major issues that could contribute teenagers to start smoking. Therefore, health education is needed to improve positive attitude toward non smoking behavior and tendency to quit smoking by empowering their own emotional through emotional intelligence training.Objective: This research was aimed to find out the influence of training on emotional intelligence in order to improve positive attitude toward non smoking behavior and tendency to quit smoking in intervention group and the difference on attitude as well as intention to quit smoking in intervention group with control group.Method: Quasi experimental study was conducted with pre-test and post-test with control design. Experiment group was given training on emotional intelligence with lecture method and sensitivity training. The research subjects were 43 in intervention group and 41 in control group with research population was boys who smoke in grade II of social science majoring class. Data analysis was conducted with paired t-test for one group and independent t-test in different group with significance level of 5% or p<0.05.Result: There was a significant positive improvement on attitude toward non smoking behavior especially in pretest and posttest-1, pretest and posttest 2 (p<0.05) and there was an improvement on tendency to quit smoking in intervention group. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) on attitude in intervention and control groups. Furthermore, there was not an improvement on positive attitude toward non smoking behavior in intervention group especially in the indicator of self motivation and in posttest 1 and posttest 2.Conclusion: Health education through training on emotional intelligence could improve positive attitude toward non smoking behavior and tendency to quit smoking in teenager.Keywords: training on emotional intelligence, attitude toward smoking and tendency to quit smoking

Analisis Kondisi Rumah, Sosial Ekonomi dan Perilaku sebagai Faktor Risiko Kejadian Frambusia di Kota Jayapura Tahun 2007 R. Indra Boedisusanto, Fajar Waskito, Haripurnomo Kushadiwijaya
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Yaws is caused by spiral bacillus called treponema perteneu. It is a human infectious disease which commonly attacks skin and bones. The prevalence of yaws in Indonesia was less than 1 per 10,000 people but there were places with high prevalence such as Provinces of West Papua, Papua, South East of Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara Timur and Maluku. The prevalence of yaws in Jayapura Municipality in 2007 was 5.4 per 10,000 people.Objective: To identify risk factors of house condition, social economic factors and behavioral factors of the occurence of yaws at Jayapura Municipality.Method: The study was observational with case control study design. Sample of the study consisted of 84 cases and 84 control subjects. Data were analyzed using computer with 2 x 2 tables and multiple logistic regression tests at 95% significant level.Result: Multivariable analysis showed that three variables were significant risk factors for the occurence of yaws: house condition (occupancy density, OR=2,5, availability of clean water, OR=5.9), and behavior (taking a bath, OR=3.8).Conclusion: Factors of house condition (occupancy density, availability of clean water), social economy (knowledge) and behavior (taking a bath) are dominant risk factors for the occurence hence prevalence of yaws at Jayapura Municipality.Keywords: Yaws, risk factors, Jayapura Municipality

Hubungan Antara Akses KB dengan Pemilihan Kontrasepsi Hormonal dan Non Hormonal di Kabupaten Purworejo Sri Panuntun, Siswanto Agus Wilopo, Lina Kurniawati
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: The report of 2002-2003 Indonesia’s Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) suggests that the prevalence of family planning in Indonesia reach 60 percent with the hormonal contraceptive increase by 16 percent and the non hormonal contraceptive decrease by 7 percent. Generally, the choice of contraceptives is based on clear reasons to regulate the birth spacing or to limit births. Factors determining the choice of non hormonal contraceptives include physical access (distance), economy (cost), administration (service resource) and cognitive accesses (knowledge).Objective: To investigate the relationship between contraceptive accesses and the choice of hormonal and non hormonal contraceptives in Purworejo District.Method: This was an observational study with a case control study design.Subject: Samples were married women 20-35 years of age that became the new acceptors with the choice of non hormonal contraceptives (IUD) as the case (133 women) and of hormonal contraceptives (pill and injectable) as the control (133 women) from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2004.Data analysis: The qualitative data analyses used were univariable, bivariable and multivariable. Statistical test used chi-square and logistic regression.Results: The bivariable and multivariable analyses showed that there was a relationship between family planning demand and the choice of non hormonal contraceptives. Respondent residing far from family planning services tended to choose non hormonal contraceptives with a chance of 1.9 times higher (OR=9.5;CI95%=1.16-3.19). The variable that had the greatest chance to influence respondents to choose non hormonal contraceptives was cost that was 7.5 times (OR=7.5; CI 95% = 2.60-21.87). The respondents that utilized private facilities tended to choose non hormonal contraceptives.Conclusion: Respondents with family planning demand to limit births were likely to choose non hormonal contraceptives. Other factors affecting the choice of non hormonal contraceptives were income.Keywords: family planning accesses, family planning demand, choice of hormonal and non hormonalcontraceptives, case control

Hubungan Status Pekerjaan Ibu dengan Berat Lahir Bayi di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Yuliva Djauhar Ismail, Diah Rumekti
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: According to 2002-2003 Indonesia Demography Health Survey (IDHS), the percentage distribution of women based on job status in the past 12 months in West Sumatera showed that 57,5% of woman was working, 2,4% of woman was not working and 40,1% of the women did not work at all. From the data, it is shown that the percentage of woman who working was bigger than woman who was not working. Based on various researches, a job that will be done by a woman especially while pregnant, had influence toward the weight of the infant who will be delivered.Objective: This research was aimed to find out the relationship of job status and job type of mother with infant’s birth weight in RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang.Method: This was an observational research that used Prospective Cohort design. The data was collected in antenatal polyclinic of RSUP Dr.M. Djamil Padang. The population was all pregnant women who came to check their pregnancies to antenatal polyclinic and they were clustered based on job status and job type. Every pregnant woman was observed and their pregnancy development that was started in the week 32 of pregnancy until delivery was continually monitored. The sample was taken with non probability sampling and consecutive sampling. The independent variables were job status and job type and the dependent variable was infant’s birth weight. The confounding variable were education, social economy status, women’s age, parity, gestation age, women’s height, weight gain, nutrition intake, children sex and mother’s disease during pregnancy.Result: The dif ference of birth weight in a mother works with heavy physical activity was 196.44 gram (p=0.000) which was lower than mother who did not work with heavy physical activity, and the difference of infant’s birth weight in the group of mother who were ill during pregnancy with those who were not ill in their pregnancy period was 243.92 gram (p=0.001). Male infant who was born had difference on the average of birth weight that was 97.24 gram (p=0.015) which was heavier than female infant. The increasing gestation age every one week will increase infant’s birth weight 45.34 gram (p=0.021) and increasing of mother’s weight will increase infant’s birth weight with 47.12 gram (p=0.000). The increasing nutrition intake every one kilocalories will increase infant’s birth weight 0.56 gram (p=0.000). R2 was 0.2729 which mean that model 2 as the result of double linear regression analysis could explain the relationship and predicted infant’s birth weight with 27.29%.Conclusion: There was a relationship between mother’s job status (working or not working) and mother’s job type (heavy physical activity and low physical activity) with infant’s birth weight, in which infant’s birth weight in working mother with heavy physical activity was lower than infant with mothers who did not work with heavy physical activity.Keywords: job status, job type and infant’s birth weight

Hubungan Tingkat Depresi dengan Kualitas Hidup pada Masyarakat Daerah Bencana Pasca Gempa Bumi di Kabupaten Sleman Tahun 2008 Nurhasanah Haripurnomo Kushadiwijaya, Carla Marchira
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: The problem of mental health in the community are complex and greatly varied and complex.They do not only include mental disorder but also numerous psychosocial problems, quality of life and harmony in life. Earthquake brings both physical damages and psychological trauma elationship if it goes far beyond coping capacity of the community that becomes the victim. The prevalence of mental disorder of the community that can survive is about 0.2% - 7.2% with major depression 6.4%. Quality of life of the community that suffers from major depression is lower than that of healthy people and those that have other mental disorder. Sub-district of Berbah, Kalasan and Prambanan feel the magnitude of earthquake and serious damages.Objective: To identify the relationship between level of depression and quality of life of the community at the disaster area post earthquake in the District for Sleman.Method: The study used cross sectional design. Subject of the study consisted of 721 people. Data were obtained through interview and observation. Instruments of medical outcomes Short Form 36 (SF-36) were used to measure quality of life and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used to measure level of depression. Data were analyzed using bivariable and multivariable method with simple linear regression and multivariate linear regression.Result: The result of bivariable analysis showed that variables statistically had relationship with quality of life at District of Sleman were level of depression (r=0.561, R2=0.314), sex (r=0.042, R2=0.002), marital status (r=0.126; R2=0.016), income (r=0.092, R2=0.008) and social interaction (r=0.171, R2=0.029). The result of multivariable analysis showed that there were three variables statistically significant, i.e. level of depression, social interaction and sex (Adjusted R2=0.334).Conclusion: level of depression, social interaction and sex were risk factors of quality of life of the community post earthquake in the District of Sleman and they were statistically significant (p<0.05).Keywords: quality of life, level of depression, risk factors

Korelasi Antara Kadar Vitamin C dengan Kadar Methemoglobin Darah Lansia di Kecamatan Pakem Kabupaten Sleman Prasetyastuti Prasetyastuti
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Oxidative damage by free radical can cause aging process. Erythrocyte as an oxygen – carrying agent has high risk of oxidative injury which can inducemethemoglobin production. Vitamin C is an exogen antioxidant that work in aqueous phase like blood and can react with free radical before they initiate the oxidative injury.Objectives: The aim of this study was to find out whether there is possibility of correlation between vitamin C and methemoglobin level in blood of elderly living in Pakem DistrictMethod: This was an observational research with cross sectional design, in which 32 elderly from Pakem District were subjects. The blood sample was taken from cubital vein. Determination of vitamin C and methemoglobin level used spectrophotometer. Pearson Correlation was employed to analyze the data.Results: The vitamin C and methemoglobin level of the elderly 0,43 + 0,25 mg/dl and 0,035 + 0.02% respectively. The correlation between vitamin C and methemoglobin level was not significant ( p = 0.771).Conclusion: The vitamin C was not correlated with the methemoglobin level.Keywords: vitamin C, methemoglobin, elderly, free radica

Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Perilaku Ibu dalam Pemberian Imunisasi Hepatitis B 0-7 Hari di Kota Banjarmasin Ahmad Rizani, Mohammad Hakimi, Djauhar Ismail
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Indonesia belongs to medium and high endemic country of hepatitis B (HB) with the prevalence as much as 8% - 20% of the population. The risk for the prevalence of chronic HB is much more higher among infants infected during birth 90%, among children of 1 – 5 years 30% - 60%, and among adults 2%-6%. If infants of 0-7 days old are given the first dosage of HB immunization, the prevalence of being HB chronic patients is 23% and if the first dosage is given when infants are one months old, the prevalence of being HB chronic patients is 40%. The coverage of HB immunization for infants of 0-7 days old at Banjarmasin Municipality in 2006 was only 41%.Objective: The study aimed to identify the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and behavior of mothers in giving HB immunization to infants of 0-7 days old at Banjarmasin Municipality.Method: The study was observational and used cross sectional design. Subject of the study were 170 mothers having infants of 0-12 months chosen using consecutive sampling technique at 5 health centers with different coverage of HB immunization of infant of 0-7 days old. Data analysis used chi square and logistic regression. Strength of relationship was calculated using prevalence ratio with CI 95%.Result: The result of bivariable analysis showed that there was relationship between behavior of mothers in giving 0-7 day HB in immunization and knowledge RP=1.61 (CI 95%=1.35-191), attitude RP=1.49 (CI95%= 1.22-1.62), education RP=1.56 (CI95%=1.24-1.96), occupation RP=1.44 (CI95%=1.01-2.05) and birth assistants RP=1.48 (CI95%=1.21-1.82). The result of multivariable analysis using logistic regression showed that only 2 variables, i.e. knowledge and education statistically had significant relationship with behavior of mothers in giving 0-7 day HB immunization.Conclusion: There was relationship between knowledge and education and behavior of mothers in giving 0-7 day HB immunization.Keywords: knowledge, attitude, behavior, hepatitis B

Estimasi Pengaruh Vaksin DPT pada Kematian Anak: Analisis Multivariabel data Survailan Demografi dan Kesehatan di Kabupaten Purworejo Siswanto Agus Wilopo
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Recent controversial reports suggest that recipients of one dose of DTP vaccines had higher mortality than children who had received no DTP vaccine. We reanalyzed data on vaccination and child survival collected from demographic and health surveillance to challenge previous findings.Objectives: To estimate specific and non-specific effects of DTP vaccination on child mortality age 1-24 months under routine vaccination program in Indonesia.Methods: A longitudinal surveillance data provided information on 5647 children below 24 months of age who received DTP and other vaccinations. The main outcome measure was all-cause mortality. Background factors associated with mortality were collected, such as: sex, birth order, dead sibling, mother’s education and family size. We assessed DTP vaccinations as an independent factor with other variables in Cox’s regression models with time dependent covariates.Results: There is no sex differential of mortality among children in Purworejo even after considering other factors using Cox regression analysis. Mortality was lower in the group vaccinated with DTP vaccine compared with those not vaccinated, the relative risk of mortality (RR) being 0.56 with 95% confidence interval (CI) is 0.453–0.690. After controlling for the background factors, recipient of DPT vaccines continued to have a lower mortality with RR=0.74 (95% CI: 0.586–0.925). BCG and measles vaccines have stronger non-specific effects compared to effects of DTP vaccines.Conclusion: Through specific effect against targeted diseases and a non-specific benefit against others illnesses, the study showed reduced mortality among children who received DTP vaccine. There is no reason to change current vaccination policy because DTP was not associated with any harmful effect among girls.Keywords: non-specific effects, DTP Vaccine, child survival, Cox’s Regression

Perbedaan Perilaku Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Pria dan Wanita dalam Mematuhi Pelaksanaan Diet Darusman Darusman
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Diabetes melitus is one of the degenerative disease, which is the amount will increase in the future and needs serious treatment because of complications cause it. Diet is the main therapy to improve and maintain the blood sugar in normal rate. For helping the diabetic patient doing the new diet therapy in their daily living is depend on their attitude and behavior. The long lasting obedience in preparing the meals is one of the most challenge in diet therapy.Method: The aim of this research is for identificated the differences of behavior and the obedience between male and female who have diabetes melitus in diet therapy with descriptive comparative and independent t-test with SPSS version 12.0,Result: The result of this research shows 55,0% males and 70,0% females have bad behavior of the obedience in diet therapy. Beside that 80,0% males and 70,0% females are obey to follow diet therapyConclusion: From the result of this research shows P = 0,093, because P > 0,05, the conclusions is there is no differences of behavior in obedience diet therapy between male and female.Keywords: behavior, obedience, diet, diabetes melitus

Determinan Perilaku Suami yang Mempengaruhi Pilihan Penolong Persalinan bagi Istri Sodikin Ova Emilia, Koentjoro
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 25, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Culture often gives limitation for women in decision taking regarding their health. In fact, husbands play an absolute role to determine who will attend and help the delivery.Objective: To explore husbands’ behavior in choosing and determining that will help their wife’s delivery.Methods: This is a survey study using cross-sectional design. The samples were 110 husbands who had a wife delivering in Pekuncen Sub District’s primary health center, Banyumas District, Central Java, during the period of 1 January 2005 – 31 December 2005.Results: The variables that had significant relationship in choosing and determining birth attendant were husbands’ education OR = 7.57 (95% Cl: 2.11 – 27.15), delivery cost OR = 6.77 (95% Cl: 2.06 – 22.28) and husbands’ trust OR = 0.15 (95% Cl: 0.04 – 0.55). Husbands with higher level of education had an opportunity of 7.5 times increased to choose and determine the birth attendant compared to those with lower lever of education. Husbands’ trust had an opportunity of 7 times decreased to choose and determine the birth attendant compared to those with no trust to the birth attendant. Expensive delivery cost would be 6.7 times increased the determination of the birth attendant by health provider compared to cheap delivery cost. It was because of some additional cost for the health provider that was relatively high. As a result, mean distribution curve of the birth attendant cost would tend to go to the right.Conclusions: Husbands’ education, cost, and trust factors were the determinant factors in choosing and determining who would attend the delivery.Keywords: health reproduction, husband, determining of child-birth assistant

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Ika Kusumaningtyas

Contact Email tyas.kusuma@ugm.ac.id

Phone +628988833412

Journal Mail Official bkm.fk@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Ika Kusumaningtyas

Contact Email
tyas.kusuma@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+628988833412

Journal Mail Official
bkm.fk@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA