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International Journal of Agriculture System

ijas
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Published by Universitas Hasanuddin

ISSN : 23379782 EISSN : 25806815 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/ijas.v5i2.1236

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

International Journal of Agriculture System (Int. J. Agr. Syst.- IJAS) is published by Hasanuddin University (UNHAS) twice a year in June and December. This journal is an academic, citation indexed, and blind peer-reviewed journal. It covers original research articles, short notes and communications, reviews (including book), concepts, commentaries, and letters on a diverse topic related to agricultural systems including forestry, fishery/marine, and animal sciences. The aims of this journal are to provide a venue for academicians, researchers, and practitioners to share/discuss theories, views, research results, on issues related to the science, engineering and technology, and humanities in agriculture development, management, and issues in agricultural systems, particularly in the tropics. However, any other articles related to non-tropical agricultural systems are also welcome.

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)

Articles 140 Documents

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Agricultural Development-Marketing Nexus: Is Tengkulak truly Enemy of Smallholders in Indonesian Rural Area? Muhammad Arsyad; Heliawaty Heliawaty; Yoshio Kawamura; Syarifuddin Yusuf
International Journal of Agriculture System VOLUME 6 ISSUE 1, JUNE 2018
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

This paper notes that a serious difficulty of smallholders in Indonesia is improving marketing networks of agricultural products. The marketing network in rural area is dominated by the brokers (called tengkulak). Smallholders do not have options to finance their production except for borrowing capital input from the tengkulak. Then the tengkulaks’ money will be repaid by smallholders in terms of agricultural products. It is true that smallholders get capital input, as well as daily life desires easily, on one hand. However, it also true that smallholders have no choice and they are ‘choked’ by the tengkulak in terms of price discrimination on the other hand. This phenomenon affects smallholder’s income. However, the tengkulak plays an important role in smallholder community. The first role is Financial/Capital Input provider. The tengkulak provides access to capital inputs for smallholders who are not able to get formal credit (banks). The second role is Production Process. The tengkulak facilitates smallholders in providing agricultural inputs. The third role is of Post-Production/ Marketing. The tengkulak enables smallholders to sell their agriculture products easily. The forth is Socio-religious role. Smallholders need money for schooling fees, medical care, donation for socio- religious activity by borrowing money from tengkulak without any administrative procedures. These facts above depicts that tengkulak is not truly enemy for smallholders.

Typology of Cocoa Value Chain Governance in West Sulawesi Astina Astina; Siti Jahroh; Anna Fariyanti
International Journal of Agriculture System VOLUME 7 ISSUE 1, JUNE 2019
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

This paper discusses the value chain in cocoa marketing activities that occur in cocoa farmers to cocoa bean processing institutions. The typological approach is carried out to find out the relationships that are established in each chain starting from the farmers as the first chain (producers) to the processing institutions. An efficient marketing process is one of the objectives of cocoa marketing activities. Value chain governance can illustrate typological coordination patterns that are related to each actor and show the type or type of governance type of each chain involved in marketing cocoa beans. Value chain governance (VCGs) is used to (1) identify the value chain and (2) determine the type of governance that is established in the cocoa market. So that we can know the conditions and types of governance that occur in the marketing of cocoa from the farmer to the final consumer. The method used is the analyze of VCGs by selecting a sample in a snowball sampling and calculating based on existing variables (complexity, codified, and capability). The results showed that through the VCGs approach which resulted in (1) there are 3 value chains with types of governance in cocoa marketing activities and (2) there are 3 value chains with types of governance, namely the value chain 1 (farmers–collectors-exporters) shows the Market type, value chain 2 (farmers-exporters) in Relational type, and value chian 3 in Hierarchy type (farmers-processing). Market type occurs if the value of complexity in low score, codification and capability gets a high score, Relational occurs if complexity and capability are in high value and the codification value is low, and Hierarchy occurs when the complexity is high but the codification and capability are low.

Genetic Diversity of Duabanga moluccana Blume from Two Provenances in West Nusa Tenggara Revealed by Microsatellite markers Siti Halimah Larekeng; Yusniar Yusniar; Muh Restu; Rismawati Rismawati; Yuni Fitri Cahyaningsih; Mirza Arsiaty Arsyad; Arif Nirsatmanto
International Journal of Agriculture System VOLUME 8 ISSUE 1, JUNE 2020
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Duabanga moluccana Blume, locally known as Rajumas, is a tree species that suitable for building materials, pulp, and plywood. The information about genetic diversity is required for the conserving of this species. Here, we elucidated the genetic diversity of D. moluccana from two provenances in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Four microsatellite markers successfully amplified 12 randomly selected samples and produced polymorphic DNA bands. Those primers were DMAG10, DMAG09, DMACAG01 and DMTCAC11. High genetic diversity was detected in the populations with 0.54 of mean expected heterozygosity (He). The genetic variation among individuals was 100%, whereas there were no genetic variations among populations and within individuals

Genetic Relationship amongst Marica, Kacang Goat and Capra species Rosdiana Ngitung; Herry Sonjaya; Syamsuddin Hasan; Wempie Wempie
International Journal of Agriculture System VOLUME 1 ISSUE 2, DECEMBER 2013
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ijas.v1i2.15

Marica goat is an endemic species that can be found only in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. It has been reported by the FAO as endangered species because its number of population has been significantly decreased. Domestication by local people has been done by cultivating them with Kacang goat that leads to an interbreeding process. Conservation of the goats must be done immediately due to its rapidly decreasing population. However, accurate identification and quantification of the goat by DNA analysis is highly important. The objective of this study is to determine the differences amongst marica, kacang and Capra hircus, C. caucasica and C. falconeri from the GenBank. The sequence of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) at d-loop region of 30 Marica goats and five Kacang goats from three districts in South Sulawesi were investigated. Their nucleotide sequences were compared with the sequence of the GenBank’s Capra sp and were analyzed using Dendogram neighbor joining tree. The results showed that there were a few nucleotide differences between some Marica and Kacang goat that were located at 20, 840 and 980bp. In addition, both nucleotides sequence have short genetic distance compared to C. hircus. However, comparing with other Capra sp, the distance was significantly far. Meanwhile, according to the dendogram, it was found that all Goats and Capra sp came from the same ancestral lineage. It can be concluded that Marica and Kacang goats could be very closely related with C. hircus but they were different from the C. caucasica and C. falconeri.

Aloe Vera Agribusiness Development Sustainability Analysis in Bogor Regency Sulhajji Jompa; Rizal Syarief; Surjono Hadi Sutjahjo; Anton Yulianto
International Journal of Agriculture System VOLUME 9 ISSUE 2, DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

As a suburban area, Bogor Regency faces complex problems in the development of the aloe vera agribusiness. Land use conflicts, unemployment problems due to the Covid-19 pandemic, financial support and market access, post-harvest handling, and institutional support put the sustainability status of this commodity agribusiness into question. This research was conducted to assess the sustainability of aloe vera agribusiness development in Bogor Regency. Analysis of the sustainability status uses the MDS (multidimensional scaling) method, using four dimensions, namely: social, economic, institutional, and environmental. MDS analysis utilizes the Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries (RAPFISH) software. The research was conducted in five sub-districts in Bogor Regency, namely Kemang, Tajur Halang, Rancabungur, Ciampea, and Mount Sindur Districts. The results showed that, in general, aloe vera agribusiness in Bogor Regency has a sustainable status of: "moderately sustainable" (Mount Sindur and Kecamatan Kemang), “close to moderately sustainable" (Rancabungur and Ciampea), and "less sustainable" (Tajur Halang). To support the sustainability status of the aloe vera agribusiness in Bogor Regency, group land management should be undertaken, assisted by counseling from government institutions, availability of agro-industrial processing, and clarification of land status.

Improving the Quality of “Leri” Rice Washing Waste by Different Period of Fermentation and Yeast Concentration as an Alternative Liquid Organic Fertilizer Muh. Akhsan Akib; Henny Setiawaty; Haniarti Haniarti; Sulfiah Sulfiah
International Journal of Agriculture System VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2, DECEMBER 2014
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

This study aims to determine the best time of fermentation process and yeast concentration to improve the quality of “leri” (rice wahing waste). The study was conducted in the Bilibili village, Suppa Sub-District, Pinrang Regency, South Sulawesi Province from April to July 2012. Samples were analyzed at the Laboratory of Chemical and Food Livestock, Hasanuddin University, and Laboratory of Chemistry Department of Mines and Energy, Makassar. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial pattern. The first factor i.e., treatment of fermentation period consist of a control, 2, 4, and 6 of fermentation period. The second treatment is the mass of yeast consisting of a control 1, 2, and 3 g of yeast per 5 liters of leri. Data were analyzed by two factor analysis of variance without replication. Duncan test was used for significant treatment. The result shows that the time of fermentation for 6 days produce relatively high ethanol (0,52 %), increasing the mineral content of phosphorus (0,15 ppm) and sulfur (0,35 %), and mineral content of nitrogen are relatively good (0,11 %). Yeast 3g per 5 liters of leri, gave betterethanol result (0,43 %), increased mineral content of nitrogen (0,11 %) and phosphorus (0,16 ppm), and potassium mineral content were quite good (350,25 ppm).

Reproduction Performances of Mud Crab (Scylla olivacea) Broodstocks with Different Feeds Herlinah Herlinah; Early Septiningsih
International Journal of Agriculture System VOLUME 3 ISSUE 2, DECEMBER 2015
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Broodstock maturation diets is important research in order to increase the reproduction performance of spawning females. This research was conducted to determine the appropriate feed for mud crab broodstock spawned and as information in support of efforts to provide quality stem in a controlled manner. The study was conducted at the Installation Research Marana Institute For Coastal Aquaculture (RICA). The test animals that used were 15 ind. mud crab broodstock having of size 200±15 g, carapace length 6±0,5cm, carapace width 12±0,5 cm with gonadal maturity level (TKG I) obtained from crab fishing locations. Research using completely randomized design which consists of 3 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments tested were: A (trash fish), B (squid) and C (golden apple snail). Variable measured were the rate of gonadal maturity, egg diameter, the degree of spawning, embryo incubation period, the number of larvae, hatching rate, larval amino acid and proximate analyze content and water quality variables. The results of proximate analyze showed that trash fish have the highest fat content (7.85 %) while the squid had a high protein content (73.72 %). Amino acids contained in squid is alanine, cystine, and leucine are thought to have an important role in the maturation of the gonads crab. The feed squid gives the best performing for mud crab S.olivacea broodstockin the achievement of gonadal maturity stage, fecundity and hatching rate.

Analyzing Determinant Components on East Java Rice Surplus Contribution Using Dynamical System Approach Kuntoro Boga Andri; Nugraha Pangarsa
International Journal of Agriculture System VOLUME 4 ISSUE 2, DECEMBER 2016
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

The Ministry of Agriculture has proclaimed rice as a main food commodity, beside corn, soybeans, meat and sugar. In order to achieve the target of the Ministry of Agriculture, East Java provincial government has stipulated a policy, focusing on rice surplus of 5 million tons in 2014. This attempt is to reach the surplus number through a wide selection of technological innovations (determinant component) that increases the productivity of rice (New Superior Variety/VUB, Site Specific Nutrient Management/SSNM, Integreted Crop Management/ PTT, Jarwo/double row planting system, balanced fertilization, SOP harvest / postharvest), as well as an increase in Planting Index/IP by improving irrigation and food diversification program. By using a dynamical system approach (modeling), it can be measured the contribution of each determinant components in achieving surplus / rice self-sufficiency through simulation. The results of the simulation, it was known that the East Java’s rice surplus will continue to decline from 1,806,282 tons (2014) with 170% self-sufficiency index, fell to 1.706.771 tons (2017) and would be 1.367.901 tons (2025). This condition is due to the increasing number of population, agricultural area continues to shrink and productivity is relatively fixed. Index sufficiency / surplus will increase if there is an interference of educational policy to implement a massive exceed of VUB, SSNM, PTT, Jarwo, balanced fertilization, SOP harvest / post-harvest, IP increasing and the succession of diversification in East Java. A surplus of 4.7 million tons of rice in 2014 within East Java can be achieved by implementing massive educational policy movement of PTT and VUB (100% of the area), the application of SOP harvest / post-harvest to reach at least 50% of the area of paddy and controlling OPT strictly. The highest self-sufficiency index (281%) and a surplus of 5.22 million tons will be achieved in case of an interference in implementing policy of PTT jarwo (100% of the area) and an IP increasing amounted to 1.0 (additional areas that can be irrigated, 33.000 ha). Sustainable rice surplus would be achieved in case of an attempt to make food diversification program completely successful, strengthen family planning programs and strictly guard the Regulation No. 5/2012 on the minimum acreage of paddy fields that must be maintained.

Poverty Situation of Cocoa Smallholders and Its Determinant in West Sulawesi, Indonesia Nurlaela Nurlaela; Muhammad Arafat Abdullah
International Journal of Agriculture System VOLUME 5 ISSUE 1, JUNE 2017
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Poverty of cocoa smallhoders is still identifed as a serious issue in Indonesia. The general specific objectives of the research is to calculate the percentage of cocoa smallholders are living below the Provincial Poverty Line and identifying determinant affects poverty of smallholders. The research employed Head Count Index and Path Analysis. Results show that the percentage of cocoa farmers living below Poverty Line reached 65% in the province. Determinant factors affects poverty situation is education attainment of family member, access to price information, cocoa estate area, distance to school. It suggests that in order to reduce poverty of cocoa farmers need to improve children and education attainment, making school is more closer to the farmers community and develop cocoa estate area and connecting price information to the farmers.

Designing New Strategy for Enhancing Robusta Coffee Production: An Application of Interpretative Structural Modeling Andi Nuddin; Reskiana Reskiana; Arman Arman; Syarifuddin Yusuf; Nuringsih Nuringsih; Muhammad Arsyad; Andi Bustan; Alimuddin Laapo
International Journal of Agriculture System VOLUME 6 ISSUE 2, DECEMBER 2018
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

One of the causal factors affect coffee production declining in Indonesia is the decline in harvest area of coffee plants. The decline in the area of coffee farming is caused by the shift of farmers from coffee to other commodities, such as corn, vegetables and fruit. The research was conducted to determine new strategic steps in order to enhance robusta coffee production. To achieve the research objectives, Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) analysis and modeling techniques are carried out. This modeling technique does not require a large sample, so the sample used in this study is limited to 22 people from several related agencies. Data processing in research is carried out according to the needs of Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) analysis. The results show that the new strategy in developing Robusta coffee production is (1) rehabilitation of coffee plants, (2) rejuvenation of coffee plants, (3) selection of superior coffee varieties, (4) provision of farming roads, (5) coffee price stabilization, (6) intensification of coffee plants, (7) pest control, and (8) increased knowledge of farmers. These new combinations strategy can be strongly expected to enhance robusta coffee production in the country.

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Graduate School 2nd Floor, Room 202, Hasanuddin University, Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10, Tamalanrea, Makassar, 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

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Kota makassar,

Sulawesi selatan

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

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Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Ahsan Yunus

Contact Email ahsanyunus@unhas.ac.id

Phone -

Journal Mail Official ijas@unhas.ac.id

Editorial Address Graduate School 2nd Floor, Room 202, Hasanuddin University, Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10, Tamalanrea, Makassar, 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Location Kota makassar, Sulawesi selatan INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Ahsan Yunus

Contact Email
ahsanyunus@unhas.ac.id

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
ijas@unhas.ac.id

Editorial Address
Graduate School 2nd Floor, Room 202, Hasanuddin University, Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10, Tamalanrea, Makassar, 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Location
Kota makassar,

Sulawesi selatan

INDONESIA