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Jurnal Natural

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Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala

ISSN : 14118513 EISSN : 25414062 DOI : https://doi.org/10.24815/jn

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience Physics

Jurnal Natural (JN) aims to publish original research results and reviews on sciences and mathematics. Jurnal Natural (JN) encompasses a broad range of research topics in chemistry, pharmacy, biology, physics, mathematics, statistics, informatic and electronic.

Arjuna Subject : Matematika - Matematika (Lain-Lain)

Articles 457 Documents

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TREES VEGETATION DIVERSITY IN PT ARUN NGL HOUSING, LHOKSEUMAWE, ACEH PROVINCE Iqbar Iqbar
Jurnal Natural Volume 16, Number 1, March 2016
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

The research about trees vegetation diversity in PT Arun NGL area had been done in December 2012. The objective of the research was to calculate the trees vegetation diversity index. The data had been collected in nine belt transects by length 400 m and 400 m2 (10 m x 40 m) plots for each belt transect. The collecting data was including name of species, family, density, frequency and dominancy. The data was analyzed to get important value and diversity index. The result showed that there were 39 tree species belongs to 23 families found in the research area. There were three dominant species namely; Pterocarpus indicus, Pithecelobium dulce, dan Leucaena leucocephala which had higher important value than others species that lead influencing the ecosystem. The trees diversity index in this area was about 3,3 which interpreted this area has high diversity index. Moreover, the plants were planted in PT Arun NGL Housing Area have another function as reducing pollutant material in the air.

The performance of beeswax coating containing vegetable oil-based lecithin as an emulsifier on weight loss and shelf life estimation of mango NURUL HIDAYATI FITHRIYAH; RATRI ARIATMI NUGRAHANI; RUSNIA JUNITA HAKIM
Jurnal Natural Volume 20 Number 2, June 2020
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Fruits are one of the agricultural commodities grown in Indonesia and mango constitutes the third largest. One of the disadvantages in transporting mangoes to long distant markets is the short shelf life when fruits are stored at the room temperature. Some efforts to maintain quality and freshness have been coating the fruits with natural wax/beeswax. This study aimed to determine the effects of beeswax coating containing vegetable oil-based lecithin on physical and weight loss in mango, as well as estimate the shelf life using the Accelerated Shelf-Life Testing (ASLT) method. The coating formulation consisted of beeswax, triethanolamine, stearic acid, vegetable lecithin (soybean: rice bran), and water. Mango coated with beeswax coating with a concentration of vegetable lecithin emulsifier were varied at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1%, and control (without beeswax coating) stored at room temperature 301oK and cooler temperature 286oK. Samples were monitored for five weeks and evaluated periodically for physical change and weight loss. Beeswax coated mango exhibited slower rate of ripening than the control stored in both room and cooler temperatures. The lowest total weight loss of mangoes at both temperatures for 5 weeks with beeswax coating at 0.25% vegetable lecithin emulsifier was 7.25%. The estimation of shelf life using ASLT method and Arrheinus model to mango fruit coated with beeswax coating at 0.25% vegetable lecithin concentration as emulsifier was 36.91 days.

THE EFFECT OF Ge CONTENT ON THE OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF a-SiGe:H THIN FILMS Mursal Mursal; Irhamni Irhamni; Toto Winata
Jurnal Natural Volume 13, Number 2, September 2013
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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The effect of Ge content on the optical and electrical properties of Si-Ge-H thin films deposited by HWCPECVDhad been investigated. The Si- Ge-H films ware grown on corning glass 7059 substrate using 10% dilutedGeH4 and SiH4 gas mixture, respectively. The GeH4 gas flow rate was varied from 2.5 to 12.5 sccm, while the flowrate of SiH was kept constant at 70 sccm. The results showed that the deposition rate of Si-Ge-H thin films wasincreases with the increasing of GeH4 gas flow rate. Beside, the Ge content in the film also increased, and the opticalband gap decreased. The dark conductivity of Si- Ge-H films was relatively constant, whereas the photo ’sconductivity decreased with increasing of Ge content.

Waterlogging and restricted-below ground aeration on photosynthetic performance and root elongation rate of RRIM 600 and RRIT 251 rubber genotypes (Hevea brasiliensis Mull. Arg.) AIDIL AZHAR; JATE SATHORNKICH; POONPIPOPE KSAMSAI
Jurnal Natural Volume 22 Number 2, June 2022
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Due to extended inundation, waterlogging and restricted below-ground aeration cause inhibition in plant growth performance. This study examined two different rubber clones, RRIM 600 and RRIT 251, for waterlogging and restricted below ground aeration. To evaluate the plant performance under the stress conditions, net photosynthetic rate (PN), maximum quantum yield photosystem II (Fv/Fm) and root elongation rate were observed. RRIM 600 has a higher photosynthetic performance under normal conditions. However, the PN rate and Fv/Fm ratio trend showed that RRIM 600 seems to have difficulties recovering after exposure to restricted-below ground aeration. Although RRIT 251 had a lower tendency of PN rate under normal conditions, the PN rate and Fv/Fm ratio of this clone showed fast recovery. RRIT 251 also performed a higher trend of root elongation rate under both stress conditions than RRIM 600.

ANALYSIS OF SILDENAFIL AND ITS DERIVATIVES IN JAMU (HERBAL MEDICINES) USING LC/MS/MS SPECTROSCOPY Rina Kurniaty; Khairan Khairan; Lelifajri Lelifajri
Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 3, October 2018
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Jamu (herbal medicine) is a traditional Indonesian medicine used to nourish, treat, and restore of health, as well as for beauty and fitness. A healthy Jamu is safe when consumed and free from chemicals (in Indonesia it’s called BKO). BKO is a medicinal chemical compound which is intentionally added in jamu (herbal medicine), which aims to increase the accelerate effects of Jamu or herbal medicine from the usual. The aims of this study are to extract, isolate, identify and elucidate the structure of the BKO of sildenafil and it’s derivatives in two herbal preparations circulating in the city of Banda Aceh. Extraction, isolation and identification of sildenafil BKO and its derivatives in jamu were done by using column chromatography (CC) and thin layer chromatography (TLC) meanwhile, the structure elucidation of sildenafil and it’s derivatives were done by Fourier-Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) and liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy (LC/MS/MS). The results of extraction, isolation and identification with a solvent ethyl acetate: methanol: ammonium hydroxide (25%) (100: 15: 1.5 v/v showed that two jamu circulating in Banda Aceh positively contained BKO sildenafil derivatives, namely thiosildenafil. The FT-IR analysis showed a strong absorption of thiocarbonyl (C=S) group at 1288-1242 cm-1, which is a typical uptake of the thiosildenafil compound. The Spectroscopy LC/MS/MS analysis using electron spray ionization (ESI-MS/MS) showed that the isolate have a similar spectra with thiosildenafil compound [TSLD+H]+ at 491 m/z and [TSLD+Na]+ at 513 m/z and other derivate of thiosildenafil, namely propoxyphenylhydroxylethylthiosildenafil [PHTSLD+H]+ at 533 m/z.

REVIEW OF IRRATIONAL NUMBERS Hafnani Hafnani; Rahma Zuhra
Jurnal Natural Volume 14, Number 2, September 2014
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Study of the set properties is simple and rarely investigated at the Department of Mathematics. This paper examines some set properties on the irrational numbers. The study is about the properties applying to the real numbers which are a complete ordered field. However, the results of this study show that those properties do not imply to the irrational numbers, but the ordered property. The prove of the irrational numberby some examples is demonstrated in this study.

TRIGONELLA FOENUM : A REVIEW OF HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY Suryawati Suryawati; Safrida Safrida; Firdausa Sarah; Azizah Vonna; Vera Dewi Mulia
Jurnal Natural Volume 19 Number 3, October 2019
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Treatment of diabetes mellitus is intended to reduce the risk of blindness, kidney failure, neuropathy and heart disease that can develop due to the chronic increase in the blood glucose level. The selected hypoglycemic agents should be effective, safe and readily available. The widely used agents work by interrupting enzymes responsible for glucose regulation. Those enzymes are α-amilase, α-glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV, aldose reductase and angiotensin converting enzyme. A medicinal plant, fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) has been used as an antidiabetic folk medicine. This review provides information related to in vitro studies showing antihyperglycemic activity of fenugreek along with an in vivo study in animals. In addition, potential phytochemicals that have been isolated from this plant are described and play a role in the searching for the most potent agents for diabetes mellitus therapy.

THE POTENT OF METHANOL EXTRACTS OF CASHEW (Anacardium occidentale L.) AGAINST METHICILLIN-RESISTANT Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Risa Nursanty; Yunita Yunita
Jurnal Natural Volume 12, Number 2, September 2012
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Use of antibiotics including misuse and overuse has aided natural bacterial evolution by helping the microbes become resistant such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The MRSA resistant in disease treatment with commonly used antibiotics needs new drug to treat patients. Traditional herb can be alternative treatment such as cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.). Antibacterial activities of methanol extracts of stem cashew with concentration 10%, 20% and 30% showed zone of inhibition between 17 -20 mm.

Anatomical changes of Ipomoea reptans due to mercury uptake and accumulation in contaminant soil NITA TAUHIDA; ESSY HARNELLY; MUHAMMAD NASIR; MUHAMMAD BAHI
Jurnal Natural Volume 22 Number 1, February 2022
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Heavy metal contaminants like mercury is a serious problem to human, animals, and some plants’ health. Phytoremediation is an alternative technique, which can remediate the contaminants from soil using a hyperaccumulator plant. The goal of this research was to study anatomical changes of plant main organs (roots, stems, and leaves) of Ipomoea reptans which are assumed as a hyperaccumulator plant that grows in mercury contaminant. The mercury concentration of the growth medium was 0, 61.871, 92.258, and 107.046 ppb. Ipomoea reptans were harvested after 27 days. The anatomical changes of the plant’s main organs were observed by preparing the cross-section of roots, stems, and leaves of I. reptans. The result showed that mercury treatment has caused anatomical damage at the xylem vessel of the root, and decreased bulliform cell size. The anatomical damage was found only in the root of I. reptans. The mercury concentration in media decrease to 0 ppb (P0), 50,420 ppb (P1), 58,583 (P2), and 96,120 (P3).

A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF INVESTIGATING OF COMPOUND GROUP CONTAINED IN ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF MAHAGONY (Swietenia mahagoni L. Jacq.) SEEDS RELATED TO Α-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITION Anjar Purba Asmara
Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 2, June 2018
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

A preliminary study to determine the group of compound contained in the ethanolic extract of mahagony (Swietenia mahagoni L. Jacq.) seeds and its inhibitory activity to a-glucosidase enzyme has been done. The information from this study will be used in the further investigation about the specific constituents related to the bioactivity. The seed was grounded and then extracted with ethanol by maceration technique. The crude extract was separated with liquid-liquid extraction by using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol as the solvents. The best eluent for isolation, chloroform:ethanol (1:1), was determined by thin layer chromatography while alumina as stationary phase. The isolation step with column chromatography gave two types of isolates, yellow and colorless isolate. In order to get information about the compound, the crude extract was subjected to phytochemical assignment and the isolate with the better activity was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. The inhibitory activity for the yellow isolate with IC50 as 19.345 ppm was better than the colorless isolate. Therefore, the IR spectroscopy assay was subjected to the yellow isolate. Based on the comparison IR spectra with literatures, it has suggested that the yellow isolate contains tetranortriterpenoid or limonoid group.Keywords: Swietenia mahagoni L. Jacq., diabetes type 2, a-glucosidase, tetranortriterpenoidREFERENCE World Health Organization. Global report on diabetes. http://www.who.int. Accessed on 18 July 2017.Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2014. Situasi dan analisis diabetes. Jakarta: Pusat Data dan Informasi Kemenkes RI.Dutta, M., Raychaudhuri, U., Chakroborty, R., and Maji, D. 2011. Role of diet and plants on diabetic patients - a critical appraisal. Science and Culture. 77 (3–4).Eid, A.M.M., Elmarzugi, N.A., and El-Enshasy, H.A. 2013. A Review on the phytopharmacological effect of Swietenia macrophylla, Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 5 (3): 47-53.Bera, T.K., Chatterjee, K., Jana, K., Ali, K.M., De, D., Maiti, M., and Ghosh, D. 2012. Antihyperglycemic and antioxidative effect of hydro-methanolic (2:3) extract of the seed of Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male albino rat: an approach through pancreas. Genomic Medicine, Biomarkers, and Health Sciences. 4: 107-117.Li, D.D, Chen, J.H, Chen, Q, Li, G.W, Chen, J, and Yue, J.M. 2005. Swietenia mahagony extract shows agonistic activity to PPAR-γ and gives ameliorative effects on diabetic db/db mice. Acta Pharmacol Sinica. 26 (2): 220-222.Sathish, R., Natarajan, K., and Selvakumar, S. 2010. Antidiabetic activity of Swietenia mahagoni seed powder in alloxan induced diabetic mice. Research J. Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics. 2(4): 296-299.Wresdiyati, T., Sa’diah, S., and Winarto, A., Febriyani, V. 2015. Alpha-glucosidase inhibition and hypoglycemic activities of Sweitenia mahagoni seed extract. HAYATI Journal of Biosciences. 22 (2): 73-78.Sukardiman, Riza, N.F., Rakhmawati, Studiawan, H., Mulja, H.S., and Rahman, A. 2013. Hypoglycemic activity of 96% ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata Nees. and Swietenia mahagoni Jacq. combination, E-Journal Planta Husada,. 1.Masitha, M. 2011. Skrining aktivitas penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase dan penapisan fitokimia dari beberapa tanaman obat yang digunakan sebagai antidiabetes di indonesia. Skripsi. FMIPA UI.Aliyan, A.H. 2012. Uji penghambatan aktivitas alfa-glukosidase dan identifikasi golongan senyawa kimia dari fraksi aktif ekstrak biji mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla King). Skripsi. FMIPA UI.Ibrahim, M.A., Koorbanally, N.A., and Islam, M.S. 2014. Antioxidative activity and inhibition of key enzymes linked to type-2 diabetes (a-glucosidase and a-amylase) by Khaya senegalensis. Acta Pharm. 64: 311–324.Harborne, J. B. 1984. Phytochemical methods: a guide to modern techniques of plant analysis. New York: Chapman and Hall.Kadota, S., Marpaung, L., Tohru, K., and Ekimoto, H. 1990. Constituents of the seeds of Switenia mahagoni JACQ. I. isolation, structures, and 1H- and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance signal assignments of new tetranorterpenoids related to swietenine and swietenolide. Che. Pharm. Bull. 38(3): 639–651.Rahman, A. K. M. S., Chowdhury, A. K. A., Ali, H.A., Raihan, S.Z, Ali, M.S., Nahar, L., and Sarker, S.D. 2009. Antibacterial activity of two limonoids from Swietenia mahagoni against multiple-drug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains. J Nat Med. 63: 41–45.Yadav, L.D.S. 2005. Organic spectroscopy. Allahabad: Kluwer Academic Publishers.Dewanjee, S., Maiti, A., Das, A.K., Mandal, S.C., and Dey, S.P. 2009. Swietenine: a potential oral hypoglycemic from swietenia macrophylla seed. Fitoterapia. 80: 249–251.Maiti, A., Dewanjee, S., and Sahu, R. 2009. Isolation of hypoglycemic phytoconstituent from Swietenia macrophylla Seeds, Phytother. Res. 23: 1731–1733.Marliana, S.D., Suryanti, V., and Suyono. 2005. Skrining fitokimia dan analisis kromatografi lapis tipis komponen kimia buah labu siam (Sechium edule Jacq. Swartz.) dalam ekstrak etanol, Biofarmasi. 3 (1): 26-31.Nurhayati, Siadi, K., and Harjono. 2012. Pengaruh konsentrasi natrium benzoat dan lama penyimpanan pada kadar fenolat total pasta tomat, Indo. J. Chem. Sci. Vol. 1 (2): 158-163.Siadi, K. 2012. Ekstrak bungkil biji jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas) sebagai biopestisida yang efektif dengan penambahan larutan NaCl. Jurnal MIPA. 35 (1): 80-81.Klein, D.R. 2012. Organic chemistry. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons.Pavia, D.L., Lampman, G.M., and Kriz, G.S. 2001. Introduction to spectroscopy. London: Thomson Learning.Minaeva, V.A., Minaev, B.F., Baryshnikov, G.V., Romeyko, O.M., and Pittelkow, M. 2013. The FTIR spectra of substituted tetraoxa[8]circulenes and their assignments based on DFT calculations, Vibrational Spectroscopy. 65: 147–158.Mootoo, B.S., Ali, A, Motilal, R, Pingal, R, Ramlal, A, Khan, A, Reynolds, W.F, and McLean, S. 1999. Limonoids from Swietenia macrophylla and S. aubrevilleana. J. Nat. Prod. 62: 1514-1517.Lin, B.D., Yuan, T., Zhang, C.R., Dong, L., Zhang, B., Wu, Y., and Yue, J.M. 2009. Structurally diverse limonoids from the fruits of Swietenia mahagoni. J. Nat. Prod. 72: 2084–2090.Cheng, Y.B., Chien, Y.T., Lee, J.C., Tseng, C.K., Wang, H.C., Lo, W., Wu, Y.H., Wang, S.Y., Wu, Y.C., and Chang, F.R. 2014. Limonoids from the seeds of Swietenia macrophylla with inhibitory activity against dengue virus 2. J. Nat. Prod. dx.doi.org/10.1021/np5002829.Zhang, W.M., Liu, J.Q., Deng, Y.Y., Xia, J.J., Zhang, R.N., Li, Z.R., and Qiu, M.H. 2014. Diterpenoids and limonoids from the leaves and twigs of Swietenia mahagoni. Nat. Prod. Bioprospect. 4:53–57.Ma, Y.Q., Jiang, K., Deng, Y., Guo, L., Wan, Y.Q., and Tan, C.H. 2017. Mexicanolide-type limonoids from the seeds of Swietenia macrophylla, Journal of Asian Natural Products Research, DOI: 10.1080/1028-6020.2017.1335715.Zang, Y., amd Xu, H. 2017. Recent progress in the chemistry and biology of limonoids. RSC Adv. 7: 35191–35220.Tan, Q.G., and Luo, X.D. 2011. Meliaceous limonoids: chemistry and biological activities. Chem. Rev., 111, 7437–7522.Fang, X., Di, Y. T, and Hao, X. J. 2011. The advances in the limonoid chemistry of the Meliaceae family. Current Organic Chemistry. 15: 1363-1391.Taylor, D. A. H. The chemistry of the limonoids from meliaceae. https://link.spri-nger.com/book-series/126. Accessed on 21 July 2017.Zang, Y., amd Xu, H. 2017. Recent progress in the chemistry and biology of limonoids. RSC Adv. 7: 35191–35220.

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