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Vegetalika
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 23024054     EISSN : 26227452     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Vegetalika ISSN (Cetak): 2302-4054 dan ISSN (Online): 2622-7452 adalah open access jurnal yang mempublikasikan artikel-artikel ilmiah berupa gagasan dan hasil penelitian. Topik publikasi berkaitan dengan disiplin ilmu Agronomi mencakup Manajemen dan Produksi Tanaman, Hortikultura, Ekologi Tanaman, Fisiologi Tanaman, Genetika dan Pemuliaan, Teknologi Benih, Bioteknologi Tanaman, dan Biostatistika.
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Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 14, No 4 (2025)" : 8 Documents clear
Potensi Ekstrak Daun Jati (Tectona grandis L. f.) sebagai Bioherbisida Gulma Teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) dan Gulma Siam (Chromolaena odorata L.) Siti Nazla Syafaa Kamila; Dyah Weny Respatie; Rani Agustina Wulandari
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.104216

Abstract

The presence of Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata L.) and purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) in crop fields has been shown to reduce crop quality and productivity. This issue can be mitigated through the use of bioherbicides derived from teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.) leaf extract, which contains allelochemicals with herbicidal potential. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify the allelopathic compounds in teak leaves and determine the optimal concentrations for controlling the two weed species during germination and early growth. The research was conducted in January-August 2024 at the Crop Production Management Laboratory, Horticulture Sub-Laboratory, Plant Science Sub-Laboratory, and Plant Ecology Sub-Laboratory, Greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, and Integrated Laboratory for Research and Testing of Universitas Gadjah Mada. Four treatment levels were tested: D0 (control or without apllication), D1 (10% concentration), D2 (20% concentration), and D3 (40% concentration). Teak leaves extract application was carried out on two different weeds, namely Cyperus rotundus L. and Chromolaena odorata L., resulting in a total of 24 experimental units within the study. Teak leaf extract was applied to Cyperus rotundus L. and Chromolaena odorata, producing 24 experimental units. Fresh teak leaves were found to contain 5.47% (w/w) gallic acid equivalent phenols. Concentrations of 10% and 20% were optimal for inhibiting the germination and early growth of Siam weed, whereas 40% was most effective for inhibiting the germination and early growth of purple nutsedge.
Aplikasi AB Mix dan POC Limbah Pertanian terhadap Sawi Pagoda (Brassica narinosa L.) Hidroponik Sistem Wick Kezia Maharani Hutajulu; Okti Herliana; Muhammad Bachtiar Mustafa; Tamad Tamad; Ni Wayan Anik Leana; Ahmad Fauzi
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.104287

Abstract

Hydroponic cultivation of pagoda mustard (Brassica narinosa L.) is a solution to increase production time efficiency and produce cleaner and more nutritious vegetables. However, the high price of AB mix fertilizer is an obstacle for hydroponic farmers, so alternative sources of nutrients are needed, such as Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF), which utilizes agricultural waste to make it more economical. This study was conducted from July to September 2024 at the screenhouse of the Experimental Farm of Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two treatment factors: the first treatment was the concentration of AB Mix fertilizer (A), which consisted of four levels, namely A0 (0% AB Mix), A1 (25% AB Mix), A2 (AB Mix 50%), and A3 (AB Mix 100%). The second treatment was the concentration of POC (Liquid Organic Fertilizer) from agricultural waste (P) with three levels: P1 (POC 10 mL/L), P2 (POC 20 mL/L), and P3 (POC 30 mL/L). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 95% confidence level. The results showed that the 100% AB mix fertilizer concentration produced the highest results in terms of the number of leaves (up to 57), fresh plant weight (up to 92.22 g), dry plant weight (up to 7.35 g), and chlorophyll content (up to 20.73 mg/L). Substitution of agricultural waste POC increased the number of leaves by 2 leaves and fresh plant weight by 54.15 g at a concentration of 16.7 mL/L. The combination of 50% AB mix with 30 ml/L POC provided the best results in increasing nitrogen uptake, plant height, and leaf area.
Pengaruh Cahaya Artifisial terhadap Karakter Morfologi dan Genetik Bacopa caroliniana dalam Kultur Jaringan Syakhril Alam; Laela Sari; Nonon Saribanon; Wening Enggarini; Nurhamidar Rahman; Evan Maulana; Amalia Prihaningsih
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.104665

Abstract

Bacopa caroliniana has great potential in the fields of ecology, medicinal and ornamental, also has aesthetic value in the form of very rare small blue flowers. This beauty is highly sought after among aquatic lovers, for that genetic diversity is needed using the light spectrum. However, understanding of the influence of light spectrum on the growth and genetic characters of B. caroliniana using tissue culture. The research was carried out from March 2023 to January 2024 at the KST Soekarno National Research and Innovation Agency Laboratory, Cibinong, Bogor. Explants were grown in MS media (Murashige and Skoog) treated with white (control), blue, red and purple LED light. The design used in this research was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor and six replications. Observations include plant height, number of leaves, number of axillary shoots, number of roots, as well as genetic analysis through DNA extraction, PCR and sequencing. The results showed that white light gave the best results on all morphological parameters, with the highest number of leaves (30,800), while purple light produced the lowest number of leaves (17,500). The ANOVA test showed that plant height did not differ significantly between treatments (Sig. = 0.137), indicating the adaptability of B. caroliniana to various light spectra. The research conclusions show that white light is optimal for increasing leaf number and photosynthetic capacity, which is highly relevant in tissu culture and aquaculture applications. Genetically, blue and white light treatment did not cause significant genetic changes, while red and purple light showed slight, temporary genetic changes, possibly influenced by epigenetic mechanisms.
Optimasi Optical Density (OD) Dan Dosis Kanamisin Dalam Transformasi Gen Sucrose Phosphate Synthase (SoSPS1) Pada Anggrek Dendrobium sp. Arsy Chairiyah; Bambang Sugiharto; Purnama Okviandari; Parawita Dewanti; Khiar Ayatina Hasbi
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.106229

Abstract

Genetic transformation in plants involves the insertion of isolated foreign genes into the plant genome. Sucrose Phosphate Synthase (SPS) is a key enzyme in sucrose biosynthesis, the primary sugar serving as an energy source and carbon transport molecule in most plants. Dendrobium orchids, which utilize Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM), often exhibit a slow growth rate, thereby limiting their commercial potential. The insertion of the SPS gene into the orchid genome is expected to optimize the sucrose metabolic pathway, potentially influencing the rate of photosynthesis, carbon allocation, and growth characteristics of the orchid. Optimizing the optical density (OD) of the Agrobacterium suspension and the dosage of kanamycin is crucial for enhancing the success rate of the gene transformation process. This study aimed to determine the optimal concentrations of OD and kanamycin to achieve efficient SoSPS1 gene transformation in orchids. Three-month-old Protocorm-Like Bodies (PLBs) of Dendrobium Glory White were used as the explant source. The transformed explants were subsequently evaluated for the effectiveness of the kanamycin dosage, the percentage of explant shoots, the number of shoots per explant, the transformation efficiency, and phenotypic changes in the transformed plants. The results showed that a transformation efficiency of up to 40% was achieved using an Agrobacterium suspension at an OD600nm of 0.4. A lethal dose (LD50) of 100 mgL-1 kanamycin resulted in 34% of plantlets surviving post-selection. Transformation with the SoSPS1 gene in Dendrobium sp. induced distinct phenotypic plants including split leaves, swollen stems (pseudobulb), and increased shoot multiplication.
Pengaruh Biochar Pukan Ayam terhadap Ketersediaan Hara dan Produksi Cabai Rawit di Tanah Alluvial Urai Suci Yulies Vitri Indrawati; Abdul Mujib Alhaddad; Agus Suyanto; Tri Mulya Hartati
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.107252

Abstract

The latest data shows that cayenne pepper production in Indonesia has declined since 2024. According to the Statistics Indonesia (BPS) Horticultural Statistics, household consumption of cayenne pepper in 2024 fell 2.03% compared to 2023, and the downward trend is also evident in production. This is due to declining soil fertility, including alluvial soil, as well as climate conditions that affect crop yields. To overcome this, additional organic ameliorants such as biochar from chicken manure are needed, in addition to the use of inorganic fertilizers. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of applying biochar from chicken manure on the productivity of chili peppers planted in alluvial soil. This study design was RAL, chicken manure biochar using 5 doses and repeated 5 times for a total of 25 treatment polybags. The treatments were P0 = control, still given NPK as recommended, P1 = 15 tons/ha, P2 = 30 tons/ha, P3 = 45 tons/ha, P4 = 60 tons/ha. The research parameters were pH, organic C, total N, available P, K-dd, height growth, and plant production. The results showed that the application of chicken manure biochar at a dose of 60 tons/ha (P4) significantly affected soil acidity (pH) (increased by 12.29%), organic carbon (74.34%), total nitrogen (62,06%), available phosphorus (170.95%), exchangeable potassium (842.80%), cayenne pepper plant height (270.57%), and fruit weight (204%).
Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk NPK dan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh terhadap Kesuburan Tanah, Kadar Fenolik dan Perkembangan Bunga Krisan Pada Dataran Rendah Refa Firgiyanto; Fadil Rohman; Hanif Fatur Rohman; Leli Kurniasari; Adi Rastono; Ade Sumiahadi; Sinta Dwi Rahma; Mellya Dwi Citra Khysswari
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.108934

Abstract

Chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum spp.) are a floricultural commodity with high economic value and widespread demand as both cut flowers and ornamental plants. However, chrysanthemums generally grow optimally in highlands with cool temperatures, so their cultivation in lowlands faces various physiological constraints, such as decreased flower quality, delayed flowering, and impaired nutrient absorption.  This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different NPK fertilizer dosages and types of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) on soil nutrient availability (N, P, K), phenolic content, and flowering development of chrysanthemums cultivated in lowlands. The research was conducted in July–October 2024 at the greenhouse of the Jember State Polytechnic Plant Laboratory (±89 m above sea level) using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors: NPK 16-16-16 fertilizer dosage (N1 = 4 g/L, N2 = 5 g/L, N3 = 6 g/L) and PGR types (P1 = paclobutrazol, P2 = gaviota, P3 = BAP). The observed variables included soil NPK content, leaf phenolics, flower number, flower diameter, and chlorophyll. The results showed that PGR had a more dominant effect than fertilizer dosage. The N3P3 treatment produced the highest phenolic content (0.257%), while the N1P1 combination increased soil nitrogen accumulation (0.566%), and the N2P3 combination provided the highest phosphorus (0.338%) and potassium (0.190%). The NPK fertilizer dosage did not significantly affect all parameters, while PGR significantly affected the flowering time and flower number. No interaction was found between the two treatment factors.
Uji Konsentrasi Metabolit Sekunder Bakteri Bacillus sp. terhadap Jamur Colletotrichum sp. Pada Benih Cabai Rawit Metode Blotter Test Nurul Afida; Arika Purnawati; Tri Mujoko
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.108950

Abstract

Low-quality seeds can negatively affect the success of agricultural practices by reducing yield and increasing susceptibility to pathogen infection. Pathogens may infect seeds starting from the field, during transportation, and throughout storage. The utilization of Bacillus sp. as a biological control agent has been extensively studied due to its ability to produce secondary metabolites with antifungal properties. This study aimed to determine the effective concentration level of secondary metabolites of Bacillus sp. Bth-22 in suppressing Colletotrichum sp. infection on chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) seeds using the blotter test method. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with a single factor consisting of concentration levels (10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%), sterile distilled water, and the chemical fungicide propineb as controls. The results showed that treatment with various concentrations of secondary metabolites of Bacillus sp. Bth-22 significantly affected the infection level, with concentrations of 30% (G) at 36%; 25% (F) and KP (B) at 38.6%; 20% (E) at 40%; 15% (D) at 42.6%; and 10% (C) at 44%, compared with the negative control. In addition, treatments also suppressed infection levels, with 30% (G) at 43.3%; 25% (F) and KP (B) at 39.3%; 20% (E) at 37%; 15% (D) at 33.6%; and 10% (C) at 31%. Furthermore, application of Bacillus sp. Bth-22 secondary metabolites induced abnormalities in fungal hyphae, such as curling, twisting, and bending, indicating antifungal activity of the bioactive compounds produced by Bacillus sp. Bth-22.
Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Empat Kultivar Jagung Hibrida (Zea mays L.) dengan perlakuan pemupukan Nitrogen dalam sistem Agroforestri Kayu Putih (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell) Sara Juanita Christanty; Taufan Alam; Dody Kastono
Vegetalika Vol 14, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/veg.109576

Abstract

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the primary food crops and is widely utilized across various sectors. Cultivating maize under cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi) stands often faces nutrient deficiency problems, primarily due to clay-textured soils with alkaline pH, which can limit the availability of both macro- and micronutrients, especially nitrogen. Nitrogen deficiency in maize significantly reduces its productivity. This study aimed to examine the growth and yield responses of four hybrid maize cultivars to nitrogen fertilization and to determine the optimum nitrogen dosage within an agroforestry system. The research was conducted from October 2024 to February 2025 in Srikoyo Hamlet, Bleberan Village, Playen Subdistrict, Gunung Kidul District, Yogyakarta Special Region Province, Indonesia. The experiment was arranged using a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The first factor consisted of four hybrid maize varieties: ADV Jago, NK 212, Pioneer 89, and R7 Gold. The second factor was urea fertilizer dosage: 0, 150, 300, and 450 kg/ha. Results showed that the productivity response of ADV Jago followed a quadratic pattern, while NK 212, R7 Gold, and Pioneer 89 exhibited a linear response. The optimum nitrogen dose for ADV Jago was 356.67 kg/ha, yielding a maximum productivity of 6.03 tons/ha, which represents an 83.28% increase compared to the unfertilized control. Meanwhile, application of 450 kg/ha nitrogen to NK 212, R7 Gold, and Pioneer 89 resulted in respective productivities of 6.65; 6.22; and 6.83 tons/ha, reflecting increases of 45.51%; 159.2%; and 123.93% compared to no nitrogen application, respectively.

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