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Journal of Global Pharma Technology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 09758542     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
ournal of Global Pharma Technology is a monthly, open access, Peer review journal of Pharmacy published by JGPT Journal publishes peer-reviewed original research papers, case reports and systematic reviews. The journal allows free access to its contents, which is likely to attract more readers and citations to articles published in JGPT. JGPT publishes original research work that contributes significantly to the scientific knowledge in pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences- Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Cosmeticology, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacognosy, Natural Product Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacology, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Applied Computer Technology. For this purpose we would like to ask you to contribute your excellent papers in pharmaceutical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Onkologi
Articles 2,439 Documents
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The Effect of Physiotherapy of Spine Deviations According to Anatomical and Kinematic Analysis Mohammed Jasim Mohammed Al-Khalidi
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

This research includes several axes through the use of physiotherapy by utilizing therapeutic exercises to correct the Students' curvatures of the spine as those exercises are working on the treatment of curvatures and improving the body texture for students. This study aims at recognition of training program impact that is suggested for correction of spine curvature, the study was conducted on two groups of school boys and girls by the age of (8-11) years numbered (20) students. The experimental method has been used of two equivalent partial groups that is applied therapeutic units that included therapeutic exercises for (16) weeks by a fact of (32) therapeutic units and a time of (40) minutes a unit, kinematic analysis has been used to determine the angles of curvature of the spine for students (boys and girls). The Study results signified improvement of straightness of spine for both groups; the study also recommended using of the suggested therapeutic program for individuals suffering curvatures of the spine.
Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin as a Major Risk Factor for Multiple Sclerosis Severity Suhaib Khalid Ibrahim
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 09: (2019) September 2019
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Abstract

Background: Staphylococcus aureus produce enterotoxins that function as super antigens which activate auto reactive CD4+ T-cells potentially target the basic myelin protein into the CNS. Objective: This study investigates the correlation between the colonization of S. aureus harbouring enterotoxins with multiple sclerosis (MS) exacerbation.  Methods: A total of 200 nasal swabs were collected from three study groups: Healthy controls as a Non-MS Subjects (n=100), relapsing remitting MS or exacerbated (n=50) and newly diagnosed MS. (n=50). S. aureus was isolated from the anterior nares of these groups following standard operating procedures. Antibiotic susceptibility test against 19 antibiotics using disk diffusion method were done. Staphylococcal super Antigen SeA, seB, seC genes were amplified using standard conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and resolved by agarose gel electrophoresis. Results: In this study, Out of 100 MS patients and 100 healthy control groups, there were 36% and 46% males and 64% and 54% females respectively.  A total of 81(81%) were colonized with S. aureus includes, 31(38.2%) newly diagnosed MS and 50(61.8%) exacerbated MS while only 12(12%) isolated from control non-MS group. All S. aureus isolates were resistant to Methicillin (100%) and sensitive to Impenem (100%). PCR results showed that,  the frequency of enterotoxins (sea, seb and sec) in MS patients was (42.4%) including (40.8%) were from newly diagnosed and (43.3%) were from relapsing remitting while there is no  enterotoxins was detected in control group. the prevalence of se A was significantly higher (p<0.00) in the MS exacerbation (72%) than in newly diagnosed group (64.5%). Conclusions: The frequency of S.aureus isolates and its enterotoxin seA gene is high in the MS patients and this gene serve as an important marker in the severity of MS disease. Also S.aureus isolates were sensitive to imipenem which is considered as a better choice for nasal decolonization of S.aureus in the MS patients.   Keywords: Multiple sclerosis (MS), Staphylococcus aureus, Super antigens, Enterotoxin A, B, C.   
Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Studies of Iraqi Neem Plant (Meliaazedarachta L.) Thamer Mouhi Jasiem
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 08: (2018) August 2018
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Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigation the macroscopical and microscopical properties conducted with preliminary screening of active compounds and investigation the antibacterial activity of leaves extract. Methods: Neem leaves were collected from Al-Musiab town at 60 Km south of Baghdad .After washed the leaves were drying then extracted by Soxhlet using 90%ethanol .Pharmacognostical study was included microscopical and macroscopical examination . The phytochemical screening was done by using reagents .Antibacterial evaluation of leaves extract was done by using diffusion method. Different bacteria were used in this study were included Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiela pneumonia and E. coli. Results: The results were referred to actinocytic stomata at upper and lower surface of the leaves, while the non-glandular trichome was presented at upper surface of leaves. Also the microscopical results were referred to line shape fibers. The index of upper surface was 18% while 31% of lower surface. The preliminary results of phytochemical study were revealed the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds only in the plant leaves. The results of antibacterial investigation were presented different activity against all type of bacteria were used in this study.Keywords: Iraqi Neem, Flavonoids, Antibacterial.
Synthesis and Characterization of 6- (4- Acetylphenyl azo) - 3 -Aminobenzoic Acid Complexes for Some Transition Metals Abaas Obaid Hussein
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 03
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Abstract

Azo dye 6-(4-acetylphenyl azo)-3-aminobenzoic acid was produced by grouping the diazonium salt from 4-aminoacetophenone for 3-aminobenzoic acid. Geometry of azo - ligand was resolved on origin of elemental analysis, spectroscopic studies such as 1H and 13CNMR, FTIR and UV-Vis. Handling produced azo ligand for transition metal chelates at aquatic ethanol for a 1:2 metal: ligand ratio, as well in perfect pH. The metal chelates have been described by utilizing atomic, absorption flame, elemental analysis, FTIR, and UV-Vis, as well conductivity and magnetic susceptibility mechanism. Nature for produced compounds, have been studied, obeyed mole ratio as well, methods of continuous, variation, Beer's law yielded up a condensation rate (1×10-4 - 3×10-4M).  High molar were absorbtivity, were observed for complex solutions. On origin data a tetrahedral geometry were assigned for the produced complexes. Biological activity of the produced compounds was assayed. Keywords: Metal chelate, Azo dyes, Complexes, Biological activity.
Modeling and Optimization of Extraction of Gallic Acid from Chenopodium Murale using Response Surface Methodology Marwa Abdul Hussain Qassim
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 02 (2020) Feb. 2020
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Abstract

In this work, the investigation of recovery of gallic acid from chenopodium mural by leaching process was conducted. 99% of ethanol was used as a solvent.  Five parameters were investigated namely time (20 - 90) min, speed of mixing (200-1000) rpm, temperature (25˚C-70˚C), particle size (100-500) µm, solid/liquid ratio 1/50 gm/gm to 1/20 gm/gm. To design the experiments, Response Surface Methodology was used using Minitab 17 software. The model equation for optimization of the extraction process was found. The best conditions for the process were extraction temperature of 70 ˚C, the liquid-solid ratio of 0.05 gm/ml, extraction time of 90 min, agitation speed of 200 rpm and particle size of 100 microns. HPLC instrument equipped with UV detector UV-20A with wavelength Range 190-700nm was used for the analysis of samples. The aim of this study is to obtain a model equation for optimization of extraction of gallic acid from Chenopodium murale using response surface methodology. The influence of temperature, solid/liquid ratio, agitation speed, particle size and time on extraction yields will analyze.Keywords: Antioxidant, Gallic acid, Chenopodium mural, Leaching and Response Surface Methodology.
Study to the Decomposition and Forensic Insect Succession Pattern on Rabbit Carcasses Placed Indoor and Outdoor in Al Kufa City -Iraq Suhad Hameed H. Albushabaa
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 09 Issue 12
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Abstract

This study was conducted at the Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Kufa University, Al-Kufa City / Najaf- Iraq. The fauna of insects associated with rabbit carcasses(Lepus cuniculus) placed indoor and outdoor habitats, and their succession patterns were investigated. A total of 1589 adults and immature insects were collected during summer and autumn, 2016, representing in 3 orders and 7 families. Diptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera comprise79.11%, 12.21% and8.68% .A total of 630 insect specimens was collected from rabbit carcasses placed indoor. Diptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera comprised 80.2%, 11.7% and 8.1%, respectively. While, 959 insect specimens were collected from rabbit carcasses placed outdoor .Diptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera comprised 78.4%, 12.5% and 9.1%, respectively. Four stages of decomposition were observed fresh, bloated, decay and dry. The duration of it varies with temperature and relative humidity of each season. The total period of decomposition was 15 and 19  days during Summer in carcasses placed outdoor and indoor respectively (Mean temperature 40 ○C and RH between  10% and  20%)  ,while reaching 18 and 25 days during  Autumn in  carcasses placed outdoor and indoor respectively, (mean temperature 29○C  and RH between 54% to 64% ).The results showed that the succession pattern of insect associated with the stages of decomposition was similar between indoor and outdoor habitats with differences in the timing of insect colonization were observed  between the two  habitats  within trials for Summer and Autumn .Also, Chrysomya albiceps was the  first insect attracting to the carcass during the fresh stage in both habitats and it was the most abundant fly colonized  the carcasses in both habitats but most number at outdoor, followed by Musca domestica. In general, it was appeared that the numbers of forensic insect species which colonize rabbit carcasses were increased outdoor and decreased indoor. Moreover, they were higher numbers during the autumn season than the summer season.Keywords: Outdoor; Indoor; Succession; Rabbit; Carcass; Al-Kufa.
Incidence and Sensitivity Pattern of Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Escherichia Coli and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in a Tertiary Care Hospital Rahul Radhakrishnan
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 03 (2019) March. 2019
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Abstract

Objective: Antimicrobial resistance is a serious problem worldwide and differs from region to region. This study was carried out to determine the incidence and sensitivity pattern of gram negative bacteria mainly Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) in our region and discuss the general issues related to antimicrobial resistance. Methods: Retrospective study was carried out in 6 months. Samples of urine, blood, pus, CSF and miscellaneous samples (fluids, swabs, sputum and stool) were collected from indoor and outdoor patients for isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility of K. pneumoniae, E. coli and P. aeruginosa were carried out in the Department of Microbiology in a Tertiary care Hospital.Results: Out of the 800 samples analyzed 618 showed growth,where 427 samples were isolated and it constitutes E.coli (43.32%), K. pneumoniae (33.02%) and P. aeruginosa (23.65%). Both E.coli and K. pneumoniae showed highest sensitivity for doxycycline (73%; 65% resp.) and second highest for levofloxacin (68%; 62% resp.), whereas, P. aeruginosa showed highest 55% sensitivity for amikacin followed by 46% for levofloxacin. β-lactam antibiotics and aminoglycosides showed high mean resistance (K.pneumoniae-81%, E.coli-77%, P. aeruginosa-84.4%) and (K. pneumoniae-73%, E. coli-59%, P. aeruginosa-68%) respectively.Conclusion: The data indicates high resistance among the gram-negative bacteria for β-lactam and aminoglycoside antibiotics. This study concludes that a proper awareness about antibiotics is essential as well as proper measures is to be implemented to control irrational use of antibiotics in this region. Keywords: Antibiotics;  Antimicrobial sensitivity; Gram-negative bacteria; Resistance
The Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus on Some Prostate Markers in Iraqi Men Khalid Maseer Rmaidh
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 05.
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Abstract

Aim: Diabetes mellitus is a spread disease in the whole world and this study was conducted on Iraqi diabetic men to know the relation between type II diabetic and some prostate related markers including (prostate size, total prostate antigen, random blood sugar and zinc). Material and methods: This study included one hundred men their age ranges between (40-60 year), fifty males were suffering from type II diabetes mellitus, and other fifty men were non-diabetics. Some parameters such as (Prostate size, total prostate specific antigen (tPSA), random blood sugar (RBS) and Zinc (Zn+2) were studied. Results: The results have showed significant increase in prostate size 50.5000 ± 3.748 and random blood sugar 203.55 ± 13.629 mg/dl compared with non-diabetic group 39.650 ± 2.484 and 125.750 ± 5.396 mg/dl, respectively but there is non-significant difference in total prostate specific antigen 1.543 ± 0.087 ng/ml and zinc 9.725 ± 0.344 µmol/l in diabetic group compared with non-diabetic group 1.612 ± 0.152 ng/ml and 11.025 ± 0.582 µmol/l respectively at P≤0.05.Conclusions: Patients with type II diabetes mellitus are more liable to suffer from increase in prostate size and increase in RBS levels in Iraqi men under study.Keywords: Diabetic patient, Prostate size, RBS, Zinc and tPSA.
Application of the Mamdani Fuzzy Logic Multi Output Method to Maintain Electrical Conductivity in Hydroponic Media for Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and Bok Choy (Brassica rapa L.) Nyi Mekar Saptarini; Mohamad Nurkamal Fauzan
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 06 (2020) June 2020
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Abstract

Nutrition in hydroponic cultivation affects the electrical conductivity (EC) that must be controlled to fulfill the plant’s requirement. The aim of this study was to determine the application of the Mamdani fuzzy logic with multi output to maintain the EC value, mixed volume in the tank and real time monitoring the current condition of the system. Case studies on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and bok choy (Brassica rapa L.). The controlled system was NodeMCU and Arduino nano with analog pH, EC meter as input and pumps as an actuator. The results show that this application maintains an average EC value of 1.96 mS/cm and an average mixed volume of 53.4%. Plant conditions were sent to Android device in real time monitoring. The comparison data of manual and automatic (Mamdani fuzzy logic) monitoring were similar. Keywords: Lactuca sativa L., Brassica rapa L., Mamdani, multi output, real time monitoring
Detection of HBME-1 and Galectin-3 by Immunohistochemistry in Follicular Lesions Wijdan B. Abid
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

The main problem established by a discovery of a thyroid nodule is to discriminate between a benign and malignant lesion. Differential diagnosis between follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) and benign follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) is a great challenge for even an experienced pathologist and requires special effort. A developing number of some encouraging IHC markers for the differential diagnosis of thyroid lesions have emerged, including, Hector Battifora mesothelial (HBME-1) and galectin-3 (Gal-3). There was significant positive correlation between Galectin-3 and HBME-1 in follicular carcinoma and follicular variant of papillary carcinoma (r= 0.380, P= 0.041) and (r= 0.315, P=0.047) respectively. There was no significant correlation between Galectin-3 and HBME-1 in follicular adenoma and follicular hyperplasia. Immunohistochemical expression of Galectin-3(Gal-3) there was highly significant difference (P<0.001) among study groups (FC, FVPC, FA, follicular hyperplasia) while there was no significant difference in mean of immunohistochemical score of Galectin-3 between follicular carcinoma, follicular variant of and papillary carcinoma (P>0.05); however, carcinoma of both types showed significantly higher Galectin-3 score than both follicular adenoma and follicular hyperplasia (P<0.001). In addition, the score of follicular adenoma was significantly greater than that of follicular hyperplasia (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical expression of HBME-1 immunohistochemical expression of HBME-1was highly significance among study groups (FC, FVPC, FA, follicular hyperplasia) while there was no significant difference in mean score between follicular carcinoma and follicular variant of papillary carcinoma (P>0.05); however, carcinoma of both types showed significantly higher HBME-1 score than both follicular adenoma and follicular hyperplasia (P<0.001). In addition, the score of follicular adenoma was significantly greater than that of follicular hyperplasia (P<0.05).Keywords: Galatin-3, HBME-1, Thyroid.

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