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Journal of Global Pharma Technology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 09758542     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
ournal of Global Pharma Technology is a monthly, open access, Peer review journal of Pharmacy published by JGPT Journal publishes peer-reviewed original research papers, case reports and systematic reviews. The journal allows free access to its contents, which is likely to attract more readers and citations to articles published in JGPT. JGPT publishes original research work that contributes significantly to the scientific knowledge in pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences- Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Cosmeticology, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacognosy, Natural Product Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacology, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Applied Computer Technology. For this purpose we would like to ask you to contribute your excellent papers in pharmaceutical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Onkologi
Articles 2,439 Documents
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Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Phytochemicals in Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) Rhizome N. P. Minh
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 09: (2019) September 2019
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Abstract

Microwave irradiation has received a lot of attention. It is a feasible green solvent extraction method as it utilizes water or alcohols at elevated temperature and controlled pressure conditions. Microwave extraction emerges as a promising technique from an economical point of view, being inexpensive, simple and efficient. Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) rhizome is a good source of antioxidants such as phenolic, flavonoid and saponin. The rhizome-root part serves as traditional medicine for the treatment of a wide range of infections.  In our research, different parameters such as power of microwave (50, 75, 100, 125, 150 W), frequency of microwave (15, 20, 25, 30, 35 GHz), duration of the microwave irradiation (1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 2.5 min), ratio of liquid to solid (water: material, 1.0:1.0, 1.5:1.0, 2.0:1.0, 2.5:1.0, 3.0:1.0), extraction temperature (70, 75, 80, 85, 90oC), number of extraction cycles (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) affecting to the microwave-assisted extraction of phytochemicals in cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) rhizome were examined. Total total phenolic (mg GAE/ 100g), total flavonoid (mg GE/ 100g), saponin (%) were important indicators to identify the optimal variable. Our results showed that microwave power 100 W, frequency 30 GHz, duration 2.5 min, liquid to solid ratio 2.0:1.0, temperature 75oC, 3 cycles of extraction were appropriate for extraction of phytochemical components inside cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) rhizome.Keywords: Cogongrass, Imperata cylindrica, Rhizome, Microwave, Extraction, Phenolic, Flavonoid, saponin.
Association of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 Apa 1 A820G (rs680) Polymorphism with Thyroid Dysfunction in a Sample Iraqi Patient Tamara A. Alubaidi
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 08: (2018) August 2018
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Abstract

The research includes genetic study of insulin-like growth factor-II. The results showed a significant change comparing patients with of hypothyroidism with healthy group. The study included 60 people (males and females). Age ranged (20 - 45 years). Divided into 2 groups: The first group consisted of 30 patients (15 males and 15 females) with hypothyroidism .The second group consist of 30 people (15 males and 15 females) as control group. The results showed that individuals with non-homozygous allele AG had hypothyroidism. The aim of the study is to identify the common allele in a sample Iraqi society for hypothyroidism patients. The results showed a non-significant change when compared with the results of hypothyroidism with hyperthyroidism. While in the healthy group, the safety of individuals from any thyroid gland disease, but the genetic study showed that the number is not small also carrying the allele AG heterogeneous and that if anything indicates that these individuals with the allele AG will be vulnerable to thyroid disease during Next years. A pair of primers is designed to amplify exon 3of IGF-II gene and the polymerase chain reaction produced were sequenced to detect mutation.Keywords: Insulin- like growth factor-2, Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism and thyroid dysfunction.
Study for Murine Mammary Adenocarcinoma Implanted in Female Albino Mice for Evaluation of Antitumor Activity of Trigonella foenum graecum (Fenugreek) Seed Alkaloid Extract against Breast Cancer Alaauldeen SM Al-Sallami
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 03
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Abstract

The current study was designed to prepare the alkaloid extract of the Trigonella foenum graecum and studying the therapeutic potential of cancer in laboratory mice with a study of the physiological effect of the alkaloid extract, 48mice were used for studying, in the following groups (8 mice in each group) : The first group infused  normal group injection with normal saline for 2 weeks and was considered a negative control group. The second group was its untreated tumor-bearing mice group for two weeks and was considered a positive control group. The third group was tumor-bearing mice treated using the 80 g / kg for 2 weeks. The fourth group was treated using alkaloids extract and 120 g / kg for 2 weeks. The fifth group was not infected with the tumor and was injected with the 80 g / kg alkaloids extract for 2 weeks. The sixth group was not infected with the tumor and was injected with the 120 g / kg alkaloids extract for 2 weeks.  The results of the study showed that the tumor inhibition rate in the group rats treated with the plant extract 80 g / kg for two weeks was higher by significant difference (P <0.05) than the group treated with 120 g/kg alkaloids. The results of the CEA study and TP53 production showed a significant difference (P <0.0001) between the control groups and the treated and untreated tumor groups (positive control). No significant difference was found between positive control groups and tumor groups. The results of the physiological effect on the study groups showed higher levels of AST and ALT in tumor aggregates compared with control group but did not show significant differences between the groups injected with alkaloid extract only compared to the control group.Keywords:  Fenugreek; Seed alkaloid extract; Trigonella foenum graecum; and female Albino mice.
Preparation and In-Vitro, Ex-Vivo Evaluation of Oral Dosage Form Containing Mirtazapine Nano suspension Hiba Ezzat Hamed
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 01
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Abstract

The aim of this study is to formulate and evaluate mirtazapine nanoparticles using solvent anti solvent technology. Mirtazapine is practically insoluble in water which acts as antidepressant. Itis prepared as nano particles in order to improve its solubility and dissolution rate. Mirtazapine nanoparticles were prepared using anti-solvent precipitation method using different stabilizers (poloxamer 188, poloxamer 407, TPGS and SLS) at drug: stabilizer ratio 1:1 and 1:2, alone and in combination. Mirtazapine nanoparticles were characterized by particle size analysis, percentage of drug entrapment efficiency, in vitro dissolution study, ex vivo study, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and atomic force microscope. Freeze dried nanoparticles were compressed into tablets by direct compression method using different excipients which are microcrystalline cellulose PH 102, starch, and Mg stearate as diluent, binder, and lubricant; The results showed that the particle sizes were ranged from 272 to 691 nm at drug: stabilizer ratio 1:1 and from 146 to 572 nm at drug : stabilizer ratio 1:2. Stabilizers combination has good surface affinity and could form a substantial mechanical and thermodynamic barrier at the interface of dug molecule. As the concentration of stabilizer increases the particle size decreases at fixed drug concentration. % EE was ranged from 75.5% to 95.9%. On the other hand dissolution rate increasing as the particle surface area is increase due to reduction of particle size to the nano range.Keywords: Mirtazapine, Nanoparticles, Particle Size, Poloxamer.
Analysis of the Drivers Influencing Burnout among Staff in Amir Al-Momenin Hospital of Zahedan Alireza Sargolzaei
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

One of the concepts which has received a great deal of attention during the recent years from the organizational-industrial psychologists is the fatigue, exhaustion, lassitude, torpidity, languor and indolence in the job operators which is known as the so-called job burnout. The objective of the present study is to identify and prioritize the effectors which influence the job burnout in the staffs working in Amir Al-momenin hospital. The present study is an applied research in terms of the methodology it adopts because the indices extracted from the study literature are identified and rated according to the study conceptual model and the organizations can take advantage of the results presented herein to device the best strategy and choose the most optimum indices and put them into practical use. In the present study, the study theoretical principles and the study background have been drawn out of the library searches and the study of university articles and journals and also it has to be mentioned that the field study methods and thorough analysis of the study population have been applied as a source of collecting statistical information for testing the study hypotheses. The study population in the present study is basically consisted of the entire managers working in Amir Al-momenin hospital the total number of whom reaches to 150 individuals and subsequently a number of 108 individuals were selected as the study sample volume by making use of Morgan’s table. To analyze the data, AHP method has been employed along with making use of Expert Choice software. The results of the study indicated that environmental, organizational, individual and vocational factors are found of a great effect on the job burnout in the staffs.Keywords: Job burnout, Environmental factors, Organizational factors, Individual factors, Vocational factors.
In Vitro Effect of MRSAc in Bacteriocins Produced from MRSA on Propionibacterium Acnes Comparing with Antibiotics Mais E. Ahmed
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

Propionibacterium acnes most isolation higher in female than male (14% and 4%) respectively all strain resistance antibiotic and using purification Bacteriocins from MRSA isolation from wound to control acne vulgaris. In this study, Futurity one skin swabs were obtained from patients suffering from acne vulgaris from consultation unit in Baghdad teaching Hospital, from both sexes. Ten isolates (18%) of anaerobic gram positive Probionibacterium acnes were identified and diagnosis by culture, Api 20A system, Resistance to antibiotics and Vitek 2 ANC System. The local isolation Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA strain from wound specimen diagnosis by cultures, Biochemical test and Vitek 2 ANC System. It was found that P. acne isolates were higher in female than male (14% and 4%) respectively, and more prevalence in age (16-21) years patients and lower in older age. The effect of some antibiotics on Probionibacterium acnes was investigated, and the results showed that all isolates were resistance to antibiotics (Azithromycin, Erythromycin, Metronidazole and Clindamycin) and have been sensitive to (Levofloxacin). There is a need potently replacements to antibiotics to axing the impedance to treat acne infections. Purified bacteriocin (MRSAcin) produce from using against resistance P. acnes their wide inhibition zone by the well diffusion assay (WDA) method and Paper disc method reached (15 and 11) mm respectively at concentration 62.5 µg/ml compared with sensitive antibiotic disc of Levofloxacin that diameter reached 9mm. The current in vitro study proved that P. acne was resistant to most antibiotics except levofloxacin. Bacteriocins (MRSAcin) had a good antibacterial activity and its effects exceed the effects of levofloxacin antibiotic.Keywords: Bacteriocin, MRSA, P. acnes
Nefazodone Atypical Antidepressant Associated Hepatotoxicity- Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) A Possible Genotoxic Effect(s) Mustafa Tariq Sakin
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 05.
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Abstract

The atypical antidepressant Nefazodone  used in different concentrations (2.5, 5, 10 µg/ml ) to study its genotoxic effects on HepG2 cell line by using single cell gel electrophoresis assay (Comet) and spectral karyotyping test (SKY).The results showed that Nefazodone causes a significant increment in the  three important parameters (tail length, percent of DNA in tail and tail moment) of comet assay for the three used concentrations in a dose-dependent manner when compared with negative control (p˂0.01). SKY analysis was performed at the concentration of (10 µg/ml). Both the treated and negative control cells showed abnormal chromosomal number (44-54 XY) per cell, common chromosomal rearrangements and other abnormalities in the majority of cells analyzed. As a result Nefazodone has no chromosomal aberration at 10µg/ml and the comet assay results conceder as false positive.Keywords: Nefazodone, Genotoxicity, HepG2 cell line.
Semiautomated On-line for the Determination of Sitagliptin Phosphate using UV-low Pressure Mercury Lamp at 184.9 nm and 253.7 nm at ISNAG-fluorimeter Analyzer Nagam S. Turkey Al-Awadie
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 06 (2020) June 2020
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Abstract

New methodology for sitagliptin phosphate determination via on-line continuous flow injection manifold design of sitagliptin phosphate-phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) system. The method was applied using continuous flow injection system of a new homemade ISANG -fluorimeter with turbidity measurements at 900 via 2×4 solar cell. Chemical and physical parameters were studied and optimized. The calibration graph was the linear dynamic in the range of (0.1-4.5 mmol.L-1) which was better representation, with correlation coefficient r=0.9965 .The limit of detection (LOD) 35.999µg/sample from the stepwise dilution for the minimum concentration in the linear dynamic ranged of the calibration graph. The method was successfully applied for the determination of sitagliptin phosphate (STP) in two pharmaceuticals preparation of different companies. A comparison was made between the newly developed method analysis with the classical method (UV- spectrophotometry at λ max =267 nm) using the standard addition method via the use of individual and paired t-test and F-test. It was noticed that there was a significant difference between two methods at 95 % confidence level. Keywords: Sitagliptin phosphate, Turbidity, Flow injection analysis. Introduction
Socio-Demography, Clinical Characters and Therapy Adherence among Thalassemia Syndromes: Comparative Study in Thi-Qar at 2012-2017 Ali Jerin Hasson Al-Jaberi
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

Thalassemia syndrome is the commonest, well-known monogenetic inherited hematologic disorder that caused by a decrease or an absence of globin production. The study aimed to assess the differences in the socio-emographical characters, clinical finding and adherence to the treatment stratigeis between thalassemia major and other types of thalassemia. An analytical, cross sectional-retrospective- hospital based  study,  including the past 5 years; from 2012  till the end of 2017   in thalassemia center-Al-Habboby hospital-Thiqar health directorate-Iraq.    All the registered cases of thalassemia were included in this study   .The study include 103 patient with mean age of (10.47± 4,936), 52.4% were female, thalassemia major was representing the main proportion (68%) of the studied population, while only(32%) were with other types of thalassemia syndromes such as  sickle thalassemia and thalassemia intermedia, Early age of thalassemia major presentation was the main finding in this study, Al-Nasiriya was the main site of inhabitation. Age of presentation, address, occupation, and educational level, Osteal lesion, growth retardation and carrying of some known complication were of significant association with the different types of thalassemia. Second degree relativeness was the main form of consanguinity among the parents thalassemia major, There was no significant statistical association in adherence to the treatment strategies among the transfusion and non-transfusion dependent thalassemia in their compliance to their applicable regimen. Socio-demography and clinical character are differ among different types of thalassemia, Early age of thalassemia major presentation was the main finding in this study,   osteal lesion, growth retardation, cholelithiasis and infection with viral hepatitis had significant difference, while the consanguinity, blood group and  adherence to the treatment had no significant association.Keywords: Thalassemia , Socio-demography , Thi-Qar.
Current Status of mTOR Inhibitors as Novel Therapeutic Agents Laxmianarayana Bairy Kurady
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume. 9 Issue 6
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Abstract

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a PI3K (phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase)-related kinase, via two distinct forms – mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2 coordinates various extracellular and intracellular signals like growth factors, nutrients, amino acids, energy levels in order to achieve optimum cell growth. mTORC1 regulates protein synthesis, lipid biogenesis, oxygen homeostasis, proliferation, autophagy; mTORC2 plays role in cell survival. Since this pathway controls major cellular processes, its dysregulation is associated with pathological conditions like cancer, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus. Rapamycin, a naturally occurring mTOR inhibitor, along with synthetically derived compounds of rapamycin – rapamycin analogs (rapalogs), produced by chemical modification of parent drug have achieved clinical success in certain tumor subtypes. Rapalogs have shown their own limitations due to development of resistance and activation of feedback pathways, focusing on the need for efficient mTOR inhibition. In this regard, mTORC1/mTORC2 (mTOR Kinase) inhibitors and dual mTOR/PI3K inhibitors have shown promising results in various in-vitro tumor models, and are currently in phase I/II of clinical trials. With the better understanding of dynamics of mTOR signaling pathway and its function in tumor microenvironment, mTOR inhibitors may provide a good alternative against advanced and refractory cancers.Keywords: Rapamycin, mTOR, Tuberous sclerosis complex, PI3K, AKT, Rapalogs, Everolimus.

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