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Perubahan Sistem Struktur Bangunan Rumah Bugis Sulawesi Selatan H Hartawan; Bambang Suhendro
Forum Teknik Vol 36, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

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A structural system determines the strength of the building in order to be able to survive in the long period of time. Functioning as residential house, Bugis houses have been through a long period of time and are supported by the use of specific structural system of the building. This structural system has changed in many ways and forms. This research is aimed at identifying the changes that have occurred in the structural system of old Bugis houses and factors that influence such changes. This research employed descriptive models and typology. Descriptive models were used to reveal the phenomenon of point movement of the structural system aided by SAP 2000 software. Typology was used to classify the types of changes that occurred in the system. The research revealed that the structural system of building of Bugis houses has changed by means of cross and internal system. The system used in the past had lower strength than that used in the next period. The characteristics of the changes in the structural system improved by means of transfer of the use of the construction method from the use of free placement to the use of stiff connection. This change was influenced by three aspects, namely of natural resource aspect, stiffness aspect, and cultural and belief aspects. The natural resource aspect is related to the availability of building materials in terms of quality and quantity. The building of Bugis houses in the past used higher quality materials than the system that developed afterwards. The stiffness is related to the efforts of Bugis technocrats in the past in optimizing the structural system. The results of the analysis indicated that the extent of the horizontal of a point movement is in proportion to the height of point position of the structural system. The higher the location, the greater the movement. The culture and belief are related to the survival for individual and group.Keywords: changes, structural system, Bugis houses

Perubahan Spasial Permukiman Sulaa Baubau Pasca Reklamasi Pantai Ishak Kadir; Achmad Djunaedi
Forum Teknik Vol 36, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Sulaa is one of the coastal villages in Baubau, most people work as fishermen and weaver, therefore the sea is a very important part of their lives. Local Government has reclaimed Sulaa coast as an effort to solve abrasion that was faced by Sulaa’s people every year. The reclamation has impact on the social, economic, and cultural community. This paper aims to show the variety of spatial changes of settlements and spatial behavior of people in the postreclamation of the coastal settlement. This research uses Phenomonology paradigm and inductive analysis methods. The main instrument is the researcher ownself with the hypothesis that a researcher can see the object in its context, observes directly and improves the awarness continuously. This research showed there are spatial changes occured in post-reclamation of the coastal settlement, includes (1) a change in the spatial patterns and density of buildings, which is followed by a change in the orientation of the building and adjustment of space in their homes, especially the buildings in the area of reclamation;(2) spatial patterns of social, economic and cultural community tends to be oriented to the shore.Keywords: Spatial changes, post-reclamation of the coastal settlement, Sulaa.

Pengembangan Metode Pembuatan Molding Injeksi Plastik dari Serbuk Komposit Suryo Darmo
Forum Teknik Vol 36, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Aluminium-particulate glass matrices composites generally use the pressure in the making of green parts/green specimens before heating at sintering temperature.The purpose of this research is to develop the glass composites that it can be used as a material for indirect layer manufacturing, especially used for making plastic injection mold/insert mold. To achieve these goals, the flexural strength and dimensional errors were studied.Starting materials consist of the mixture of glass powders, aluminium powders, and acrylic powders in the volume ratio of 1 : 1 : 1. The glass powders and aluminium powders wererecovered from waste materials. The size of acrylics and glass particles was lower than 0.074 mm and aluminium particles size was lower than 0.297 mm respectively. Green specimens were made by using indirect layer manufacturing processes, while sintered specimens obtained by heating the green specimens in a furnace at a temperature of 700°C for 1 hour. Finished specimens were made by impregnation process of sintered specimens using epoxy resin.The bending strength of green specimens, sintered specimens, and finished specimens is 20 kg/cm2, 80 kg/cm2, and 170 kg/cm2 respectively. Maximum dimensional error of green specimens and sintered specimens is 50% and 40% respectively. Insert mold made by indirect layer manufacturing is broken after producing as many as 120 pieces of plastic products.Keywords: glass matrix composite, insert mold, dimensional error, bending strength.

Aplikasi Isotop Alam untuk Mengetahui Asal-Usul Air Umbul Cokro, Kecamatan Tulung, Kabupaten Klaten Harry Leo Kharisma; Agus Budhie Wijatna; Wahyu Wilopo
Forum Teknik Vol 36, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Determination of the goundwater origin of Umbul (spring) Cokro, at Klaten has been done by using environmental isotope tracers, i.e. carbon-13, deuterium, and oxygen-18. Groundwater samples were taken from springs and wells in surround of it, i.e. Wajong Wetan, Kemiri, Karang Podang, Sodong, and Karang Kendal. In the mean time, determination of groundwater genesis has been conducted by analyzing the composition of deuterium (2H) and oxygen-18 (18O) using mass spectrometer. While the direction of groundwater which has the same genesis is determined by analyzing of carbon-13 composition and will be verified by hydraulic gradient.If the composition of sample from suround is almost equal with sample from spring, hence groundwater from well flows to spring.The result of this research showed that δ13C composition of each sample is -12,92 + 4,20 until 5,56 + 4,31 o/oo PDB, that means that the sample include in Groundwater DissolvedInorganic Carbon; while analysis of deuterium and oxygen-18 indicated that composition of groundwater molecule in Sodong, Karang Podang, and Karang Kendal are almost equal to the spring, with δD composition = -52,00 + 0,77 o/oo and δ18O composition = -9,16 + 0,28 o/oo to Standard Mean Ocean Water (SMOW). Based on those results, groundwater of Umbul Cokro originally from Sodong, Karang Podang, and Karang Kendal.Keywords: groundwater, recharge area, Umbul Cokro, environmental isotope tracer.

Analisis Kualitas dan Kuantitas Steganografi dengan Interpolasi pada Citra Medis Meirista Wulandari; Indah Soesanti
Forum Teknik Vol 36, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Nowadays sharing of medical images through Internet is very popular to make telediangosis, telesurgeries and teleconsultation. Steganography is an art of hiding information inside of a media, which is called cover media. This research presents steganography image on medical image. The medical image is divided into two areas edge and non-edge area. Each area has its embedding and extraction algorithm. A medical data in a text form is hidden insidemedical image by interpolation technique. Interpolation technique is used to increase the embedding capacity. After steganography process, medical data and its cover image and its earlier image must be recovered and reversibled from extraction its stego image. The results show an average of the optimum embedding capacity is 103,404 bit with average PSNR is 41.8682 dB. Furthermore, analysis on texture of the stego image is done by this research. The analysis shows the impact of embedding process. The results of texture analysis is embedding process gives a big impact to energy 27.9199%, entropy 5.4725% and skewness 1.5266%.Keywords: steganography, data, medical image, interpolation, texture image

Evaluasi Medical Response Preparedness Pada Unit Gawat Darurat (Studi Kasus di IGD Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta) Indah Puspitasari; Nur Aini Masruroh
Forum Teknik Vol 36, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

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In the last decade, there were 2 disasters that killed many people in Yogyakarta, such as earthquake in 2006 and Merapi eruption in 2010. Therefore, as one of reference hospitals,RSUP Dr. Sardjito must have good medical response preparedness to handle victims that were evacuated to RSUP Dr. Sardjito, therefore evaluation of medical response preparedness that has been applied in RSUP Dr. Sardjito is needed, in purpose deciding resources allocation.Simulation is used to evaluate medical response preparedness. Model is built based on real system when Merapi eruption is happened and on extreme points of arrival rate of victims to RSUP Dr. Sardjito, that is on 5 and 7 November 2010. Then the model is simulated and evaluated by using average waiting time for victims to be handled as indicator. The evaluation result will decide resources allocation that is needed. simulation of model 5 November results average waiting time for patient with severity 1, 2, 3, and 4 is 2991,26; 72,19; 0; 0 minutes. While model 7 November results waiting time for patient with severity 2, 3, and 4 is 0,22; 0; 0 minutes. From the results, sensitivity analysis is used to decide resources allocation needs.Keywords: medical responses, emergency department, simulation, disaster, system improvement

Analisis Pengaruh Jumlah Responden pada Evaluasi Usabilitas Aplikasi Edukasi Anak-Anak Melita Puspitasari; Rini Dharmastiti
Forum Teknik Vol 36, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

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The development in technology for children is now increasing. In order to make the design and appearance of a software/application is easy to operate, run, and understood by children, an usability test is needed. One method that popular in usability testing is thinking aloud that takes at least 3-5 samples so the optimal problem can be found during test. This study aims to determine whether the needs of the number of respondents in the thinking aloud method is still relevant today, especially when applied to children, and to determine the effect of number of children involved in the test on usability problems found.This study involved 10 children assubjects with a mean age of 10,6 years to play educational application that run on Apple Ipad 2 named Candy Factory. However, the number of respondents in usability test on children's educational application has the effect that the more the number of respondents, the more problems found but only up to 4 respondents. More than 4 respondents, the usability problems that found is decreasing because the children keep revealing the same problem. One respondentwas able to found 45,45% usability problems, and 85% usability problems found by only 4 respondents. While 100 % usability problems can be found by 9 respondents. Moreover, the result of usability test analysis and recommendations for improvement of Candy Factory are explained.Keywords: usability, number of respondent, thinking aloud, educational game, children

Rancang Bangun Kontruksi TEG (Thermoelectric Generator) pada Knalpot Sepeda Motor untuk Pembangkitan Listrik Mandiri S Sugiyanto; Muh Tarum N Umam
Forum Teknik Vol 36, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

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The utilization of waste heat from exhaust gas in motorcycle is a typical application of electricity generation using thermoelectric generator (TEG) technology. The construction of TEG that mounted at outer surface of motorcycle exhaust pipe will depend on quality of threemain components: the support structure, the thermoelectric module, and the heat dissipation system. The components will influence heat conversion to electricity so those are must be well designed to required heat transfer process from the surface of exhaust pipe to hot side and cold side of TEG. The methods that used are designing good construction of TEG with Aluminum material that will to be installed properly on surface of motorcycle exhaust pipe without disturbing theheat transfer from the surface to the both side of TEG. This design allows the TEG can be assembled easily without damaging the TEG module itself too. Then before testing onmotorcycle, the construction design run testing by the heat transfer software to observe how much heat that generate from the surface and transferred to the both side of the TEG. TEG module used is the HZ-14 which has dimensions of 6.25 cm x 6.25 cm and the selected motorcycle is a 150 cc motorcycle sport type. The result of TEG construction consists of two main parts, the holder of TEG modules for HZ -14 and a heat sink that adapted to the shape of exhaust pipe motorcycle. The heat sink is also related to the cold sink is made from aluminum fins placed on the cold side of the TEG. The test results generated electrical voltage output indicates that the voltage will begin to be raised shortly after the motorcycle is turned on ,that is about 10 seconds shortly after the motorcycle turned on the voltage generated is 11 mV at idle engine speed range from 1800 to 2000 rpm. The voltage will show stability at 664-665 mV after 15 minutes the motorcycle turned on at engine speed of 4500 rpm . Keywords: heat sinks, motorcycle exhaust pipe, energy conversion, thermoelectric generators,power generation

Retrofitting Sambungan Kolom-Balok Beton Bertulang Ekspansi Planar Segitiga dengan Variasi Ukuran Sigit Hernowo; Ade Lisantono
Forum Teknik Vol 37, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Highly seismic activities in Indonesia, that is followed by a lot of high magnitude earthquakes, make awareness of the people to anticipate the damage that caused by this disaster. The Codes of earthquake have changed and are accompanied by the change of seismic region. There must be some efforts to improve the existing building structure. One of the efforts is retrofitting the beam-column joint which is the weakest element of structure in the building when subjected to earthquake loading. Four beam-column joint reinforced concrete specimens, namely SJC, SJ-01, SJ-02, and SJ-03, made of normal concrete and plain reinforcement were tested in this experimental program. Beam with 150 mm width, 250 mm high, and 1500 length be jointed with column that has section area of 250 mm x 250 mm, and 1750 mm length. The specimens of SJ-01, SJ-02 and SJ-03 were retrofitted by triangular voute in lower side of the beam in the beam column joint region with 125 mm, 187.5 mm, and 250 mm side length, respectively. All specimens are tested with cyclic loading using hydraulic actuator. The results show that the increasing strength of specimen SJ-01 and SJ-03 compare to the reference specimen were 12.74% and 10.29%, respectively. While the strength of specimen SJ-02 a little bit decreasescompare to the reference specimen.Keywords: beam-column joint, reinforced concrete, retrofitting, voute, cyclic loading.

Konsep Hulu-Teben pada Permukiman Tradisional Bali Pegunungan/Bali Aga di Desa Adat Bayung Gede Kecamatan Kintamani Kabupaten Bangli, Bali IGN Tri Adiputra; S Sudaryono; Djoko Wiyono; Ahmad Sarwadi
Forum Teknik Vol 37, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

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The research tries to explain the specific Hulu-Teben concept of Bayung Gede custom village as dialog result between the normative Hulu-Concept as a background knowledge with the phenomena of spatials system anomaly at Bayung Gede customvillage.The research utilized phenomenology paradigm of Hussrel where Hulu-Teben of custom village in general takes a role as background knowledge. It’s discussed with the macro spatial system of Bayung Gede custom village to show the uniqueness spatial as the architectural anomaly of mountain village. Deepening study of the anomaly above was done in gaining the community’s social-culture background/their local wisdom as thetranscendental consciousness. Further Hussrel emphasizes that the highest transcendental peak is obtained by doing the three steps of reduction, i.e : (i) a phenomenological reduction of all related information to get some empirical themes, such as ; (a) Upperengga Mala and (b) Tegak Paumahan, (ii) the eidetic reduction of the three empirical themes to generate the architecture concept and (iii) the final reduction is transcendental reduction to discovery the architecture local theory. In the context within the research of Bayung Gede custom village, the aim is only focused at the architecture concept.The research results show that Hulu-Teben concept of Bayung Gede custom village has adapted Hulu-Teben in general shown by existence of Para Kahyangan Desa (custom village religious indicator) as the appreciating expression form for community’s ancestor. On the other hand, there are some spatial anomalies as an additional and enriching the general Hulu-Teben concept. Those are related with their local wisdom, it’s not only for appreciating their ancestors (upper level of human being) but it’s also for : (i) the former king of Jaya Pangus and the queen of Ulun Danu Batur (upper level of human being but they’re not ancestors), (ii) the equal level of human being and (iii) lower level of human being (the plantation, the animal and other creature).Keyword : Hulu-Teben spatial “anomalies” Bayung Gede, Custom Village

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Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA