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Jurnal Sain Veteriner

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 012660421 EISSN : 24073733 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 15 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 30, No 2 (2012): DESEMBER" : 15 Documents clear

Examination of Viral Nervous Necrosis Virus in The Water Sample of The Tiger Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) with Immunocytochemistry of Streptavidin Biotin Putu Eka Sudaryatma; Artanti Tri Lestari; Yenny Trisnasari; D Lia Lidayana; Wahyu Nurlita
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 30, No 2 (2012): DESEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Abstract One of potencies of marine waters that is developed, and starts to have the international market is grouper fish. Tiger grouper culture can not be separated from disease factors that may attack and destroy the cultivation. One of the important diseases that can cause mass mortality in fish, especially in grouper larvae and juveniles stadium is viral nervous necrosis (VNN). Examination by using immunocytochemical method of streptavidin biotin (SB) undertaken to develop early detection of VNN in order to be applied in preventing spread of the VNN disease in seeds of tiger groupers that are already distributed worldwide in Indonesia. And also, this SB methodology can also be applied to the tiger groupers without any injuring or even killing of the fish for the purpose of sampling. In the present study, the preliminary test was done to determine the infectivity level of the inoculum (VNN virus) owned by the Office of Fish Quarantine, Quality Control, and Fishery Safety Class I Denpasar, Bali. Whereas, the main test was done by collecting water sample from tiger grouper fish farming that was infected with VNN. The water sample was examined by using immunocytochemical method of SB after being confirmed by RT-PCR-positive test that was previously purified. Based on both SB and PCR tests having VNN positive results, it is concluded that the immunocytochemical method of SB could be applied as early, rapid and accurate detection of VNN in only a 24 hours post infection by using water as the sample. Keywords: VNN, water sample, streptavidin biotin, RT-PCR, tiger grouper

The Development and Application of Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for The Diagnosis of Infectious Myonecrosis Virus in the White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Zakiah Widowati; Firma Firma; Dita Rustian; M. Tony Wartono Silaban; Freddy Riatmo; Sulistia Trikora Astuti; Nurlaila Nurlaila; Asep Dadang Koswara; Hastari Wuryastuti
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 30, No 2 (2012): DESEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV) is one of the shrimp viral diseases caused by a double-stranded RNA virus, non-enveloped, and belongs to the family group Totiviridae. Weakness diagnosis of RNA viral diseases due to the RNA viruses are unstable and highly reactive. So far the diagnostic methods for detecting IMNV with high accuracy is based on biomolecular test, such as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The RT PCR generally requires 4-8 hours of testing time, and also requires thermal cycler with a commercial kit materials which is relatively expensive. The purpose of the present study is to find and determine an alternative isolation of RNA from the samples and to determine whether the reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) method based on biomolecular approach can be an alternative testing method for diagnosis of IMNV in the white shrimps(L.vannamei).The RT-LAMP is more simple, straightforward, but it has a high sensitivity. Direct and indirect RNA extraction methods from samples and FTA cards give good results as a template in RT-PCR and RT-LAMP IMNV. The FTA card as one of the RNA samples of storage media provides an alternative storage method that is easy, simple and has a shelf life of RNA in the long term (up to 6 months). Incubation time of RT-LAMP IMNV at 400C is between 15-30 minutes. Amplification time of RT-LAMP IMNV at 56o C is between 70-110 minutes. In the present study, the white shrimps (L.vannamei) that are positive IMNV-RT-LAMP provides 100% compliance results when tested by the RT-PCR method. The time of RT-LAMP amplification IMNV ranged from 70-110 minutes shorter than that of conventional PCR (180-240 minutes). Overall the RT-LAMP method for IMNV can be applied as a method of testing for confirmative IMNV diagnosis in the white shrimps (L.vannamei). Keywords: IMNV, RT-LAMP, RNA, FTA cards, white shrimp (L. Vannamei)

Isolation, Identification and Characterization of the Surface Glycoprotein of Myxobolus koi Insariani Insariani; Khumaira Puspasari; Haririyah Haririyah; Emei Widiyastuti; Chusnul Chotimah; Hastari Wuryastuti
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 30, No 2 (2012): DESEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Myxobolus koi is considered to be one of the pest diseases of fish quarantine class I, which has to be destroyed if it is found. Technique that is regularly used for diagnosis M. koi, such as histopathological examination, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing always done in dead fishes. The objective of this study was to isolate the protein of M. koi as the initial step for producing antibody that can be used as a material for immunology-based diagnostic method. In the present study. identification of surface protein of M. koi involved three different stages. The first stage was to isolate and identify M. koi from koi fish using wet mount, and histopathologic, PCR and sequencing techniques. In the second stage, purification and isolation of the surface protein of M. koi was done by Percoll gradient ultracentrifugation technique. Purification using the technique produced 5 different layers on the surface of the tube . Myxobolus koi spores were found in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th layers. The third stage was to identify and characterize the surface protein of M. koi using SDS PAGE. The results of SDS PAGE analysis showed that spores purified from 3 different layers all have the same profiles. Molecular sizes of the surface protein of M. koi that could be isolated in this study were 12 Kd, 16 Kd, 25 Kd, 27 Kd, 40 Kd and 45 Kd. Among them, the molecular sizes of 12 Kd, 25 Kd and 27 Kd could be seen clearly.Keywords: Myxobolus koi, surface glycoprotein, isolation, Percoll gradient centrifugation, SDS PAGE

Brucella ceti : THE Threat of Emerging Zoonoses in Indo Pacific Bottle Nose (Tursiops aduncus) Agustin Indrawati; Usama Affif
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 30, No 2 (2012): DESEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Incidence of Brucellosis in marine mammals in the world is found lately particularly in Penniped and Cetacea. Indonesia is an archipelago that is rich with its Wildlife and one of them is Indo Pacific bottle nose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus). In this research, Indo Pasific bottle nose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) were used deriving from captive of marine mammal conservation in Indonesia PT Wersut Seguni. All of them were in good condition. A total of 23 blood samples collected from the caudal vein, located above the tail fin. Blood samples was taken as Aseptic as possible. Screening test against Brucella spp was done by Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and Rapid Test B. Brucella. One sample out of 23 samples had antibody positif against Brucella spp (4%). The results of this research concluded that Brucella spp found is likely to be Brucella Ceti . It is also found in Indonesia territorial and in the Indo Pacific bottle nose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus). We hope that this finding will do raise our awerness to emerging zoonoses.Keywords: brucellosis, Brucella ceti, RBT, Rapid test, Tursiops aduncus

Histological Structure of Gills of Giant Mudskipper (Periophthalmodon schlosseri) Danang Bagus Yudistira; Anni Nurliani; Heri Budi Santoso
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 30, No 2 (2012): DESEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Giant mudskipper (Periophthalmodon schlosseri) is one of gobiidae members that does air-breathing and lives on intertidal zone with mangrove habitat. The ability of giant mudskipper to adapt with water to land environment is due to its gill histological structure. The objective of the present study was to observe the structure of giant mudskipper’s gill and to identify sort of cells and its distributions descriptively. The gills of three adult giant mudskippers were taken and processed to histological slides with 4 µm thickness each. Samples were stained with hematoxyline-eosin (HE) method. The results indicated that Mudskipper gills consist of epithelial cells, such as squamous and cuboid on the lamellae surfaces contiguous with mucous and chloride cells that are spread at interlamellae zone and peripheral surfaces of fused secondary lamellae of mudskipper gills. Pillar cells sre found inside of secondary lamellae and form lacunae that split secondary lamellae with block to block spaces that fill with erythrocytes. Hyaline cartilages are found to form canals for transport veins inside primary lamellae and soft muscle connecting hyaline to basal membrane of primary lamellae surfaces. The difference of histological structures between giant mudskipper gills to other aquatic osteichthyes is that the secondary lamellae is fused in normal (non-pathological) condition. The fusion makes epithelial cells of the econdary lamellae are thicker. The fusion also makes oxygen diffusion path from water to capilary vein is a bit longer about 10µm. The thickness of epithelial cells of secondary lamellae makes the mudskippers gills not an efficient organ for gas exchanges in water, but it is important in osmoregulation. Keywords: Periophthalmodon schlosseri, air-breathing, histological structure, lamellae fusion, osmoregulation.

The Study of Occurrence of Organic, Infectious and Parasitic diseases in the Sheeps and Goats Pramu Pramu
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 30, No 2 (2012): DESEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Diseases in goats and sheeps often cause economic losses in the level of small farmers. This research aimed to study the incidence of the disease in the sheeps and the goats recorded at the Animal Health Laboratory STPP Magelang in 2011 to 2012. There were 132 incident cases of the disease in the sheeps and the goats over 12 months. Object of observation is STPP Magelang livestocks, livestocks owned by the assisted and unassisted ranchers. Research data from administrative records and laboratory covering the origins of livestocks, diseases history, clinical symptoms, laboratory results, treatment and post-treatment recording. Observations noted that there were 29, 26, 22, 15, 12, 9, 7, 5, 4 and 3 cases of bloat, diarrhea, nematodiasis, scabiosis, mineral deficiency, poisoning, orf, pink eye, myasis and others, respectively. The data were analyzed descriptively. Occurrence of bloat and diarrhea were observed more in the rainy season (P <0.05) than that of in the dry season and most of events were in the early season. Poisoning was more common in the dry season (P <0.05) than that of in the rainy season. Diarrhea was in the second order after bloating and tended to accompany other diseases. Nematodiasis treatment was often less effective. Although, positive nematode eggs were found during fecal examination, however, the hosts showed no clinical symptoms of parasitism. Pink eye and orf appeared in November. Mineral deficiency was not affected by the season, and its seasonal incidence(s) did not have any specific pattern. However, it tended to be appeared in every month. Recurrent scabiosis always occurred after the treatment. Percentage of high mortality occurred in bloating. Low incidence of the disease is endometritis and mastitis.Keywords: Goat, sheep, parasitic, infection, organic

The Occurrence(s) of Septicaema epizootica in Bali Cattle at Kupang Regency in 2005 - 2011 Yohanes T.R.M.R.; Theresia, F.I.M.D.M.
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 30, No 2 (2012): DESEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Septicemia epizootica (SE) disease in Bali cattle have occurred in the province of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). The development of this disease should always be monitored to evaluate the existence and success of the treatment and the prevention that has been done. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the presence of SE disease in Bali cattle in 2005-2011 in Kupang Regency, NTT. Data obtained from the field and practical work in Kupang District Veterinary Office. Septicemia epizootica disease in cattle was always found in Kupang district by the number of deaths 55, 28, 25, 30, 26 , 72 and 117 heads in the year 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively. Clinical signs of bali cattle suffered SE were decreased appetite and weight gain, lethargy and eventually death. Before the dead the cattle showed symptoms of clinical symptoms level increased body temperature, submandibular edema that can spread to the chest area, and respiratory symptoms with snoring sound or discharge of mucus from the nose. Vaccination program can not be implemented optimally because difficult geographical conditions in the reach and kept cattle in not benign. Diagnosis of SE taken at the NTT should be followed up with laboratory tests and for the prevention and control of the SE is better to treat the policy of vaccination, so that all cattle and other susceptible animals can be vaccinated. Keywords: Septicemia epizootica, Bali cattle, Kupang regency, snoring, vaccine

Optimization of Tissue Decellularization Method Based on Macroscopic and Microscopic Observation in The Sheep Peripheral Nerves Fajar Shodiq Permata; Rina Susilowati; Rini Dharmastiti; Muhammad Mirandy Pratama Sirat Mirandy Pratama Sirat; Pipin Dwi Kartikasari
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 30, No 2 (2012): DESEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Animal graft tissue (xenograft) was developed to replace the limited supply of human graft tissue (allograft). Peripheral nerve graft tissue is needed to replace the damage. Swine is the most developed source of tissue donor for the preparation of acellular tissue because a lot of livestocks population and its extracellular matrix components similar to human collagen. Swine xenograft development would be an obstacle in Indonesia because of socio-cultural so that sheep used as swine donor replacement. Sheep cartilage tissue acellular induced less human inflammatory mediators than swine. Xenograft is necessary to decellularizebefore implantation into human that results in only extracellular matrix. However, decellularization process varies depending on the species and methods so that it is needed a preliminary study to get the best decellularization method for sheep peripheral nerve specimens. Five samples of sheep Ischiadicus nerves were conducted decellularization various processes and one sample of fresh nerve (control). Decellularization methods were 24 hours shaking, tissue soaking and perfusion for both 14 days and 17 days, respectively. Decellularization solution was 0.1% SDS-EDTAin PBS. Post decellularization, samples were observed macroscopically, fixed, HE staining of histopathologic examination for microscopic examination. The data were analyzed descriptively. At the macroscopic observation of post decellularization tissue showed white, and samples of soaking method showed softer consistency than that of shaking and perfusion. Microscopic examination showed that samples were not being completed decellularization at shaking method. There was destruction of collagen fibers of perineurium and endoneurium in 17 days of soaking and perfusion methods, while 14 days soaking and perfusion methods showed that samples were being completed decellularization and both perineurium and endoneurium collagen were still good. Conclusion of this study is that 14 days soaking and perfusion decellularization methods are better than that of 24 hours shaking method and 17 days of soaking and perfusion methods for sheep decellularization peripheral nerve.

Anthelmintic Effects of Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Leaf extracts in The Haemonchus contortus In Vitro Eva Ariyanti
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 30, No 2 (2012): DESEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

The resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes to anthelmintics has increased the need to evaluate natural products that can replace or assist current strategies to control gastrointestinal nematodes. The aim of this study is to determine anthelmintic effect of cassava (Manihot esculenta) on adult worms of Haemonchus contortus in vitro. Cassava leaves were dried at 55 °C, then grounded and lyophilised. Fifty grams of powder of leaf were extracted by 500 ml of hot distilled water and dried. Extract was made by percolation until filtrate produced. Filtrate was condensed with rotapavor at 48 °C with rotated at 200 rpm. Extracts were made into a concentration (w/v) of 25%, 50% and 75%.H. contortus were collected from an abomasum infected- lamb and put into 5 petri dish, 10 worms per petri dish in 2 ml of 37 °C NaCl. Each treatments with 5 replication. After 1hour, the NaCl was removed from each well and replaced by either one of the different concentrations of extracts 25%, 50% dan 75% or of the albendazole113,6 mg/ml positive control, or of the NaCl negative control. Observations were made under a magnifying glassevery 2 hours for a period of 6 hours to determine whether the adult worms were still alive or death. The results showed that extract of cassava leaf have anthelmintic effect on H. contortus. The increase of concentration 75% will result in a better effect. Compared to that of the negative control and positive control, signiﬁcant effects (P<0.05). The active chemical(s) responsible for the activity could be the tannin compounds present in the leaf.Key words :Anthelmentic, Haemonchus contortus, extracts, cassava leaves, tannin

The Heart Activities in Some Environmental Temperature on the Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Amelia Hana; Pudji Astuti; Yuda Heru Fibrianto; Sarmin Sarmin; Claude Mona Airin
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 30, No 2 (2012): DESEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

The aim of this research was to know the heart activity of rats (Rattus norvegicus) at some environmental temperature. Ten rats (Rattus norvegicus), male, 2 months old, the average weight of 200 gr purchased at experiment Animal Care Unit Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. Allf rats were adapted in a cage with food and water ad libitum. Furthermore, each tail rat was measured heart activity is heart rate frequences (beats per minute), mean blood pressure (mmHg), systolic blood pressure (mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) at the environmental temperature of 30o C, 32o C, 34o C, 36o C, 37o C, 38o C, and 40o C measured with a blood pressure cuff BP-98A at coccygea vein for 3 minutes at each temperature. The measurement was repeated 3 times. The data of the heart activities obtained were analyzed by using one way analysis of variance. It was concluded that the environmental temperature of 30o C was optimal to the heart activities of the rats, including heart rate frequences , blood pressure, systolic and diastolic blood pressures.Keywords: heart rate frequences, blood pressure, systolic and diastolic, environment temperature, Rattus norvegicus

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