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International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science
Published by Riset Press International
ISSN : 29880076     EISSN : 2987226X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.59653/ijmars
Core Subject : Economy, Science, Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Immunology & microbiology Social Sciences
The mission of the International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science (IJMARS) is to promote excellence by providing a venue for academics, students, and practitioners to publish current and significant empirical and conceptual research or builds theory. The journal is a double-blind, peer reviewed, open access journal. IJMARS publish articles in different fields of Applied sciences, Physical science, and Social sciences, the articles include but not limited to the following: Biological Sciences Chemistry Clinical Sciences Biotechnology Computational Science Developmental Biology Systems Biology Engineering Fisheries and Aquaculture Environmental Sciences Physics Statistics Agricultural Sciences Mathematics Animal Science Food Science Public Health Veterinary Sciences Nutrition Social Sciences Information Technology Microbiology Behavioral Sciences Computer Science Geology Physiology Immunology Biochemistry Cancer Biology Biodiversity Molecular Biology Space Research Genetics
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 289 Documents
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Provincial Clustering Based on the Impact of the Financial System on Macroeconomic Stability in Indonesia Mansyur Asri; Ernawati Ernawati
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science Том 4 № 01 (2026): International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/ijmars.v4i01.2178

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the impact of the financial system on macroeconomic stability. The unit of analysis consisted of 38 Indonesian provinces, and the period was 2024. The research data consisted of secondary data published by the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). The data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive methods, including graphs, percentages, and frequency distributions. The frequency distribution table was used to cluster provinces and map the impact of regional innovation on economic development. The research results show that provinces with a low macroeconomic stability index are located in eastern Indonesia, particularly in Papua.  Meanwhile, provinces with weaker financial systems and lower macroeconomic stability include Aceh, Gorontalo, West Sulawesi, Maluku, West Papua, South Papua, Central Papua, and Highland Papua. Almost all of these provinces are located in Eastern Indonesia. Furthermore, the study results show that the financial system has a lesser impact on promoting macroeconomic stability.
The Mediating Role of Digital Citizenship in the Relationship between Digital Transformation Factors and E-Government Service Satisfaction Phan Nhan Trung
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science Том 4 № 01 (2026): International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/ijmars.v4i01.2224

Abstract

This study examines the mediating role of digital citizenship in the relationship between digital transformation factors and e-government service satisfaction among citizens in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Drawing upon the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the Expectation-Confirmation Theory (ECT), and Digital Citizenship Theory, a structural model was developed and tested using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Data were collected from 427 citizens who had utilized e-government services in Ho Chi Minh City through a structured questionnaire. The findings reveal that digital policy and institutional framework, and online public service design directly and significantly affect e-government service satisfaction. Furthermore, digital citizenship serves as a significant mediator in the relationships between all four digital transformation factors (technology infrastructure quality, digital capacity of public agencies, digital policy and institutional framework, and online public service design) and e-government service satisfaction. The results indicate that digital citizenship explains 58.3% of its variance, while e-government service satisfaction is explained by 61.2% of its variance. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of how digital transformation influences citizen satisfaction through the mechanism of digital citizenship, and offers practical implications for policymakers seeking to enhance public service delivery in Vietnam.
Evaluation of the Sanitation Program of the Wastewater Management System (SPAL) on Social and Public Health Outcomes Arbainah Arbainah; Muzdalifah Muzdalifah; Muhammmad Nur Iman Ridwan
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science Том 4 № 01 (2026): International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/ijmars.v4i01.2251

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the impact of the Wastewater Management System Program (SPAL) on social conditions and public health in Tabunganen Pemurus Village, Barito Kuala Regency. The research employs an evaluative qualitative approach using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation involving Community Self-Help Groups (KSM), Beneficiary Groups (KPM), Field Facilitators (TFL), and representatives from the Public Works and Spatial Planning Office (PUPR). Data were analyzed descriptively and analytically by linking empirical findings with theoretical frameworks of development, community empowerment, and environmental health determinants. The results indicate that the SPAL program is relevant to local needs and effective in improving access to proper sanitation facilities and in reducing stunting cases. However, changes in sanitation behavior have not yet occurred collectively or permanently. Some community members continue to maintain river-based practices, suggesting that the provision of infrastructure has not been fully accompanied by a transformation in social norms. Moreover, an increase in diarrhea cases during certain periods indicates that health risks are also influenced by broader ecological factors, such as coastal flooding. Overall, the SPAL program has been successful in providing sanitation infrastructure and improving micro-level determinants of family health. Nevertheless, its long-term effectiveness requires strengthened community empowerment and integration with environmental management and ecological risk mitigation strategies.
Adaptation of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Art Education to Prepare Prospective Elementary School Teachers: A Study of the 2022 Cohort of the Primary School Teacher Education Program at Universitas Halim Sanusi PUI Muhamad Rahmat; Lysda Reviyanti; Nanang Mulyana
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science Том 4 № 01 (2026): International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/ijmars.v4i01.2280

Abstract

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education has become an increasingly important topic in contemporary educational research. Artificial Intelligence technologies provide opportunities to support innovative teaching methods, creative exploration, and the development of digital competencies among students and educators. In art education, AI-assisted tools enable learners to explore visual ideas, generate artistic concepts, and develop creative learning media using digital platforms. This research aims to examine the adaptation of Artificial Intelligence technology in art education to prepare prospective elementary school teachers from the 2022 cohort of the Primary School Teacher Education Program at Universitas Halim Sanusi PUI. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach to understand how AI tools are used in learning activities, how students respond to the integration of technology in art learning, and how these technologies contribute to the development of creativity and digital competence among teacher candidates. Data were collected through classroom observations, interviews with students and lecturers, and documentation of student projects, including digital artworks and visual learning media created using AI-assisted tools. The results indicate that AI integration in art education encourages creative experimentation, improves digital literacy, and enables students to design innovative teaching materials suitable for elementary school classrooms. Students demonstrated enthusiasm when exploring AI-generated visual ideas and integrating them into artistic projects and instructional media. However, the research also identified several challenges, including unequal technological skills among students, ethical concerns regarding authorship of AI-generated images, and limitations in access to digital devices and stable internet connections. Despite these challenges, the findings suggest that Artificial Intelligence technology can significantly enrich art education and strengthen the competencies of prospective elementary school teachers when supported by appropriate pedagogical strategies and ethical awareness.
Rhythmic Gymnastics Activities on Gross Motor Development in Early Childhood Atirah Ahdal; Herlina Herlina; Herman Herman; Wahira Wahira; Surya
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science Том 4 № 01 (2026): International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/ijmars.v4i01.2156

Abstract

Early childhood gross motor development is crucial to support physical activity, coordination, and independence, as stipulated in Law No. 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System, which emphasizes physical stimulation from an early age. Early observations showed a lack of structured activities, such as rhythmic gymnastics, in early childhood education, leading to gross motor delays in skills like jumping and running, even though conventional activities were available. Rhythmic gymnastics, with musical accompaniment and rhythmic movements, is considered effective in stimulating large muscles based on the theories of Gallahue and Ozmun. The study aims to test the effectiveness of rhythmic gymnastics with the theme "Great Indonesian Children" compared with conventional gymnastics in improving the gross motor development of children aged 5-6 years. Focus on significant pretest-posttest differences between experimental and control groups to prove the effect of the intervention. This study uses a quasi-experimental design, specifically a Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The experimental group received the rhythmic gymnastics of Anak Indonesia Hebat (2-3 times/week, 30-45 minutes), while the control group received conventional gymnastics. Data were collected through pretest-posttest observations using sheets based on indicators of balance, coordination, agility, and strength. The analysis included descriptive statistics (mean, N-Gain), the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, Levene's test of homogeneity, and the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank and Rank-Sum Tests R RStudio. The experimental group showed an average increase from 38.12 (pretest) to 77.08 (posttest), a moderate-to-high N-Gain (75% moderate, 25% high), and a significant difference (p=0.002459). The control group increased from 38.75 to 41.46, but the N-Gain was low and insignificant (p=0.07006). The difference between the posttest groups was significant (p=3.134e-05, Wilcoxon Rank-Sum). The rhythmic gymnastics activity Anak Indonesia Hebat significantly improves the gross motor skills of children aged 5-6 years, outperforming conventional methods. Implications: Integrate thematic gymnastics into the PAUD curriculum to optimize physical development, support advanced research on external factors, and provide teacher training in Indonesia. 
Social Interaction on Early Childhood Expressive Language Development Sumarni Jabir; Wahira Wahira; Andi Asrifan; Herlina Herlina
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science Том 4 № 01 (2026): International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/ijmars.v4i01.2163

Abstract

Social interaction plays a crucial role in the development of children's communication skills. Social interaction is a relationship between two or more people in which the actions or behaviors of one individual can influence, change, or improve the actions or behaviors of other individuals, and vice versa. Children naturally learn through interactions with the people around them, including family members, peers, and their social environment. The intensity and quality of social interaction with the development of expressive language in children as an illustration, intensive verbal interaction in the family environment and early childhood educational institutions contribute significantly to the enrichment of vocabulary and verbal expression skills. This research aims to find out the form and social interaction on early childhood expressive language development. Research methods are quantitative, with an Ex Post Facto approach. The data collection technique in this study involved direct observation of the research sample. The data analysis techniques used are descriptive and inferential analysis. The results of the study show that social interactions influence the development of expressive language in early childhood. The results of simple linear regression analysis showed that social interaction had a positive and significant effect on the development of expressive language in early childhood. The form of social interaction that affects the development of expressive language in early childhood is children's interactions with peers and teachers during the learning process.  The magnitude of the influence of social interaction on the development of early childhood expressive language is shown by the regression coefficient value of 0.892. This research is expected to provide a new perspective on research on children's language development, especially their expressive language. The use of new variables considered significant is expected to be a development in research on the object of study.
Principal’s Leadership Challenges in Enhancing Teacher Discipline at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah NW Wakan Pashurrahman Pashurrahman
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science Том 4 № 01 (2026): International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/ijmars.v4i01.2277

Abstract

Teacher discipline is a crucial factor in enhancing educational quality, and the school principal plays a strategic role in fostering and supervising such discipline. This study aims to analyze the leadership challenges faced by the school principal in improving teacher discipline at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah NW Wakan, East Lombok, as well as the strategies implemented and their subsequent impacts. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques including interviews, observations, and documentation studies involving the principal, teachers, school committee, and students. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles and Huberman model, utilizing triangulation techniques to ensure data validity. The results indicate that the primary challenges include the absence of written regulations, inconsistent teacher motivation, the principal's high administrative burden, and limited supporting facilities. To address these, the principal implemented strategies such as role modeling (exemplarity), persuasive communication, and personal coaching, which have yielded a gradual positive impact on teacher discipline and instructional order. However, teacher discipline has not yet been established sustainably. Therefore, strengthening regulations, structured supervision, and an effective monitoring system are essential to improve the overall quality of education. The findings of this study can contribute to the development of educational management studies, particularly in the aspect of school principals’ leadership in managing and fostering teacher discipline. Furthermore, the results of this study have the potential to broaden understanding of the relevance of contextual and transformational leadership models in the practice of educational management in Indonesia, which is characterized by diverse school organizational cultures.
Flashcard Media on Early Childhood Expressive Language Skills Rusbiaty Rusbiaty; Hamzah Upu; Syamsuardi Syamsuardi; Wahira Wahira; Herlina Herlina
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science Том 4 № 01 (2026): International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/ijmars.v4i01.2164

Abstract

Early Childhood Education (PAUD) plays a crucial role in optimizing the development of expressive language for children aged 5-6 years, a golden age where comprehensive stimulation is needed in accordance with Law No. 20 of 2003 and Permendikbud No. 137 of 2014. However, many children still experience obstacles such as passive attitudes, limited vocabulary, and a lack of confidence in speaking, which hinder their readiness to enter primary school. This study aims to describe the expressive language skills of children aged 5–6 years before and after using flashcard media in groups, and to describe the expressive language skills of children aged 5–6 years before and after using flashcard media in pairs. The study showed that, based on the Paired Sample t test, the expressive language skills of children aged 5-6 years after using flashcards with the group learning method differed significantly from before and after the implementation of learning. Based on the results of the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, the expressive language skills of children aged 5-6 years who used flashcards with the paired learning method differed significantly before and after the implementation of the learning. This research can be continued using a quasi-experimental design with control groups to compare the effectiveness of group versus paired flashcards against conventional approaches. In addition, longitudinal studies are needed to measure the long-term impact on elementary school readiness, as well as the integration of digital media (such as interactive applications) to adjust to the development of early childhood education technology in Indonesia in accordance with Permendikbud No. 137 of 2014.
Mini Basketball Game against Early Childhood Gross Motoric Skills Syamsuarni K Syamsuarni K; Arismunandar Arismunandar; Rusmayadi Rusmayadi; Herlina Herlina; Wahira Wahira
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science Том 4 № 01 (2026): International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/ijmars.v4i01.2166

Abstract

Play has a huge influence on the development of a child. Children do not care whether their physical and psychological condition is good or not; everything is done with pleasure, because, in essence, play is a necessity for children. Therefore, the role of parents and teachers is needed in providing direction and supervision. Parents and teachers also play a role in choosing games that align with the children's developmental level, not just for the children's liking. This study aims to: (1) find out the description of gross motor skills in early childhood, (2) describe the gross motor skills of early childhood, (3) analyze the influence of mini basketball games on the improvement of gross motor skills in early childhood. This study uses an experimental method; the data collection techniques are observation and documentation. Data analysis is conducted to test the proposed hypothesis, namely, the influence of mini basketball games on children's gross motor skills. The results of the study showed that mini basketball games have a positive and significant influence on improving gross motor skills of children aged 5–6 years. Mini basketball games have proven to be a fun and educational way to develop the motor skills of young children and those in early childhood. The play-based approach in physical learning has been proven effective in stimulating children's overall development. The results of this study can serve as a reference for designing learning activities that focus on developing gross motor skills through active games such as mini basketball.
Factors Influencing Digital Transformation Adoption in Logistics SMEs in Vietnam: An Extended TOE Framework Approach Nguyen The Huan
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science Том 4 № 01 (2026): International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/ijmars.v4i01.2230

Abstract

This study investigates the factors influencing digital transformation (DT) adoption among logistics small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam, using an extended Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework integrated with constructs from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing a structured questionnaire distributed to managers and owners of logistics SMEs in Ho Chi Minh City and surrounding provinces. A total of 420 valid responses were collected and analyzed using SPSS 26.0, including Cronbach's Alpha reliability testing, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) in AMOS, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the PROCESS Macro for mediation and moderation analyses. The results reveal that technological factors (perceived benefits, technology compatibility, and technology readiness), organizational factors (top management support, human capital, and financial resources), and environmental factors (competitive pressure, government policy support, and customer pressure) significantly influence DT adoption in logistics SMEs. Furthermore, DT adoption positively mediates the relationship between TOE factors and operational performance. Firm size moderates the relationship between DT adoption and operational performance. The findings provide actionable insights for logistics SME managers and policymakers in Vietnam to develop targeted strategies for accelerating digital transformation in the logistics sector, contributing to the national goal of reducing logistics costs from 16.8% to 10-12% of GDP. This study contributes to the literature by extending the TOE framework with UTAUT constructs and introducing operational performance as an outcome variable, specifically within the under-researched context of Vietnamese logistics SMEs during the Industry 4.0 era.

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