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Achmad Reza Hutama Al Faruqi
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Journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies (JIOS)
Published by Centre for Islamic and Occidental Studies
ISSN : 2988568X     EISSN : 29884802     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21111/jios.v1i1
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Social,
Religion Humanities Social Sciences Other
Journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies (JIOS) is published by Centre for Islamic and Occidental Studies, University of Darussalam Gontor twice a year in June and December on the development of Islamic and Occidental Studies. Editors accept scientific articles (especially qualitative study) in accordance with its nature as a journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies, such as: Orientalism and Quranic Studies, Orientalism and Hadits Studies, Orientalism and Contemporary Issues, Orientalism and Economics,Orientalism and Education, Orientalism and Ethics, Orientalism and Sufism.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Filsafat
Articles 36 Documents
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Pengaruh Sekularisasi dalam Diskursus Worldview Barat: The Influence of Secularization in the Discourse of the Western Worldview Arif, Syamsuddin; Annada, Fasya Tharra; Rezkyanta, Haqiqul
Journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies
Publisher : Center of Islamic and Occidental Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jios.v3i2.71

Abstract

The study of worldview in the West has developed since the end of 18th century. Western scholars have each provided their own definitions of worldview. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the influence of secularization on the discourse of worldview in the West by employing a qualitative approach and content analysis method. The findings show that the modern Western worldview is based on human reason and culture, and only affirms what is empirical. Consequently, the Western worldview marginalizes God and religion, as well as denies non-empirical realities. This is the result of secularization, which separates worldly affairs from religion. In contrast, the worldview of Islam is centered on God and religion, and perceives reality as a whole—embracing both the empirical and the non-empirical.
The Influence of Orientalist Thought on the Paradigm of Modern Islamic Education: A Critical Study from Edward Said's Perspective Sidqi, Muhammad Hudhel; Qushwa, Febriyanti Ghayatul; Bakhiet, Bakri Muhammad
Journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies
Publisher : Center of Islamic and Occidental Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jios.v3i2.78

Abstract

Motivated by an epistemological crisis in modern Islamic education caused by secular and positivist Orientalist thought, this research examines how this paradigm shapes educational perspectives, systems, and curricula. Using qualitative analysis of relevant literature, the study identifies three key channels of Orientalist influence: curriculum design, academic language, and the criteria for scientific legitimacy. The research also highlights the counter-paradigm offered by Muslim intellectuals such as Syed M. Naquib al-Attas, Ismail Raji al-Faruqi, and Seyyed Hossein Nasr, who advocate for an educational foundation based on tawhidi epistemology. The study ultimately calls for a fundamental reorientation of Islamic education away from imitation and toward an emancipatory system that integrates Divine revelation with human intellect and empirical experience.
Reason, Revelation, and Sufism: The Epistemic Paradigm of al-Ghazali and Ibnu Taimiyyah Maghribi, Hamdan; Hidayah, Alfina
Journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies
Publisher : Center of Islamic and Occidental Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jios.v3i2.79

Abstract

This article examines the construction of Sufi epistemology according to two major Islamic thinkers: Abu Hamid al-Ghazali and Ahmad ibn Taimiyyah. These figures represent contrasting poles in Islamic intellectual history—al-Ghazali as a defender and reformer of syarī‘ah-based Sunni Sufism, and Ibnu Taimiyyah as a sharp critic of Sufism influenced by speculative theology and philosophy. The study explores their views on the sources, methods, and validity of Sufi knowledge, particularly regarding maqām, aḥwāl, kasyf, ilhām, and ma‘rifah, as well as their perspectives on the relationship between reason, revelation, and intuition (dzawq) as epistemic pathways. This research is qualitative in nature, with literature study, and historical-philosophical approach. The authors examine the primary works of both figures and compares them through a chronological and systematic framework. It allows for an exploration of the sociocultural and theological contexts that shaped their epistemological constructions. The study finds that al-Ghazali integrates rational inquiry (syahādah al-‘aql) with inner illumination (kashf), framing ma‘rifah as the product of synergy between tazkiyah al-nafs and tajallī ilāhī. He legitimizes intuitive knowledge as long as it remains within the bounds of the syarī‘ah. Ibnu Taimiyyah, while acknowledging ilhām and kasyf among the saints (awliyā’), restricts their epistemic validity to the limits of nash and fithrah, rejecting any claim that spiritual experience can supersede revelation. Despite their differing approaches, both uphold syarī‘ah-rooted spirituality and reject speculative excesses that threaten the foundations of tawḥīd.
Al-Ghazali's Perspective on Intellect: Its Role and Potential in Achieving Insān Kāmil Huringiin, Nabila; Hamidah, Nur
Journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies
Publisher : Center of Islamic and Occidental Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jios.v3i2.45

Abstract

In Islamic intellectual history, intellect (‘aql) is not merely a cognitive faculty but a moral and spiritual instrument. However, contemporary discourse often reduces reason to technical rationality, neglecting its ethical and transcendent dimensions. This article examines al-Ghazali’s understanding of intellect and its role in guiding human beings toward insān kāmil (the perfect human). The study adopts a qualitative library-based methodology, employing descriptive and analytical approaches. Primary sources include al-Ghazali’s key works, notably Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn and al-Munqidz min al-Dhalāl complemented by classical and contemporary scholarly interpretations. The analysis focuses on al-Ghazali’s classifications of intellect, its epistemological scope, and its relationship with revelation and spiritual practice. The findings show that al-Ghazali conceives intellect as a divine light residing in the heart and functioning as the primary source of knowledge. He distinguishes intellect into practical and theoretical types and outlines hierarchical stages culminating in the acquired intellect (al-‘aql al-mustafād). Intellect is inseparable from revelation and moral discipline, as ultimate truth transcends sensory and rational limits and requires spiritual illumination. When harmonized with faith and ethical practice, intellect guides humans toward spiritual maturity, moral excellence, and social responsibility. The study concludes that al-Ghazali’s integrated vision of intellect offers a normative model for achieving insān kāmil and remains relevant for addressing contemporary intellectual and moral challenges.
Paradigma Otonomi Estetika dalam Diskursus Barat dan Islam: Sebuah Analisis Kritis: The Paradigm of Aesthetic Autonomy in Western and Islamic Discourse: A Critical Analysis Yasmin, Alifah; Chusna, Nala Alfia
Journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies
Publisher : Center of Islamic and Occidental Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jios.v3i2.50

Abstract

The slogan “art for art’s sake” emerged in modern western aesthetics developed as a paradigm viewing the autonomy of art, free from ethical, religious, or practical purposes. According Théophile Gautier’s theory, this slogan emphasizes beauty as an end in itself. In the modern era, its influence is evident in artistic products that prioritize formal innovation, subjective expression, and aesthetic experience, such as abstract painting, experimental architecture, and conceptual art. Within the context of Islamic modern aesthetics, this paradigm interacts critically with traditional Islamic views that integrate beauty, ethics, and spirituality, producing both adaption and tension in contemporary Islamic art, design, and visual culture. This study employs a qualitative research method through philosophical analysis and critical textual interpretation of Kantian aesthtetics and modern Islamic discourse. The research indicates that “art for art’s sake” is characteristic of Western thinking, which is free from religious and spiritual values. Meanwhile, aesthetics in Islam involves the integration of ḥaqq, khayr, and jamāl. Beauty in Islam must contain goodness and truth, and be based on the values of tawhid and religion.
Critique of Materialism in ‘Ilm al-Kalām al-Jadīd: An Analysis of Jamaluddin al-Afghani’s Thought Rofi'i, Muhammad Arwani; Zahroh, Siti Fatimatuz; Tolipov, Nodir
Journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Islamic and Occidental Studies
Publisher : Center of Islamic and Occidental Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jios.v3i2.80

Abstract

This article examines the concept of materialism from the perspective of ‘ilm al-kalām al-jadīd, focusing on the thought of Jamaluddin al-Afghani. It critically analyzes al-Afghani’s response to the rise of materialism in the 19th century within philosophical and theological debates in the Islamic world. The main objective of this study is to explain how al-Afghani formulated his critique of materialism and how his ideas contributed to modern Islamic theology. Using qualitative methods and content analysis, the study explores al-Afghani’s works especially al-Radd ‘alā al-Dahriyyīn alongside relevant secondary sources. The findings show that al-Afghani regarded materialism as a serious threat to moral and spiritual life because it rejects metaphysical elements such as God, the soul, and the afterlife. He argued that materialism weakens the ethical role of religion and leads to spiritual decline in Muslim society. Within modern kalām, al-Afghani sought to integrate Islamic theology with contemporary intellectual challenges without abandoning core principles. His critique significantly influenced modern Islamic thought by encouraging theological commitment while engaging with modernity

Page 4 of 4 | Total Record : 36

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